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배귀남,김민철,이승복,송기범,진현철,문길주 한국대기환경학회 2003 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.19 No.4
A multi-functional indoor smog chamber was designed and evaluated lo investigate photochenical or water vapor reaction mechanisms of air pollutants. Various smog chamber experiments could be conducted using ambient air or purified air in this smog chamber. The smog chamber consisted of a housing, a Teflon bag, blacklights, injection ports, sampling ports, and utility facilities. The characteristics of light source, the wall losses of air pollutants, and the quality of purified air were experimentally investigated. The maximum NO₂ photolysis rate was 1.10min^(-1). In a 2.5-m³ Teflon bag, the wall losses of ambient O₃, NO, and NO₂were 1.2~2.4×10^(-3)min^(-1), 0.7~2.0×10^(-3)min^(-1), and 0.4-2.0×10^(-3)min^(-1), respectively. The wall loss of ambient particles ranging 0.05 to 0.2㎛ was 1.8~5.4×10^(-3)min^(-1), which was slightly higher than those of ambient gaseous species. The purified air supply system provided high quality of air with NO₂, < 1 ppb, and total hydrocarbons <5 ppb.
치과용 콤포짓트 레진의 적정중합을 위한 최소 광조사 시간 평가
임범순,이용근,김철위,최기열,이중배 大韓齒科器材學會 2004 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.31 No.1
The aim of this study was to estimate the minimum irradiation time for dental composites using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) and FT-IR. Six commercially available dental composites with A3 shade were tested: Heliomolar RO (Vivadent, Liechtenstein), Charisma (Kulzer, Germany), Herculite XRV Enamel (Kerr, USA), Aelitefil (Bisco, USA), Z100 (3M, USA), and Z250 (3M, USA). Storage modulus was measured by using DMA (StressTech Rheometer, Rheologica Instrument, Sweden) with fast oscillation mode (1 Hz). After disk-type (4 ㎜ ?1 ㎜) samples were irradiated with 500 mW/cm2 for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 s, storage modulus was recorded continuously for 60 min. Degree of conversion was also measured using FT-IR spectroscopy (FTS-165, Biorad Win-IR, Perkin-Elmer, USA) at 60 min after irradiation with same curing condition as DMA test. Sample irradiated with 500 mW/cm2 for 120 s was used as a control. The average of results for five specimens was compared using Tukey multiple comparison test (p=0.05) and the minimum irradiation time of composites was determined. The minimum irradiation time to get adequate polymerization was different depending on the dental composites. Both Z100 and Z250 require short irradiation times (5 s) and Charisma requires long irradiation time (15 s).
HBsAg 양성혈청에서의 HBeAg 및 anti-HBe 양성율과 ALT와의 관계 고찰
문희주,윤기은,박정오,배형준,최범열 서울보건대학 1996 서울보건대학 부설 한국보건과학연구소 논문집 Vol.3 No.1
The authors investigated HBeAg and anti-HBe in 1,000 cases(male 941, female 59) of HBsAg positive among the 225,512 blood donors in Seoul Nambu Blood Center in 1994. HBeAg and anti-HBe was detected by the method Enzyme Immunoassy. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. HBeAg and anti-HBe positive rates were detected 498 cases(49.8%) and 445 cases(44.5%) respectively among 1,000 cases HBsAg positive blood donors. 2. In HBsAg positive carriers, HBeAg positive rates were not significantly different between anti-HBe positive rates, but in sex were significantly different between HBeAg positive rates and anti-HBe positive rates. 3. HBeAg positive 498 cases were analyzed with age and it was found percentages of positive rates were 63.6% in 1st decade, 53.7% in 2nd decade, 20.6% in 3rd decade, 19.6% in 4th decade and 8.3% in over 5th decade, but anti-HBe positive 447 cases were 32.4% in 1st decade, 40.5% in 2nd decade, 69.2% in 3rd decade, 78.3% in 4th decade and 91. 7% in above 5th decade. 4. HBeAg positive rate decreased stepwise with age, while anti-HBe positive rate increased stepwise with age. 5. ALT abnormal cases in the HBeAg positive donors were higher than normal cases, but ALT normal cases in the anit-HBe positive donors were higher than abnormal cases.
회전원판법에 의한 페놀성 폐수처리시 중금속의 영향에 관한 실험적 연구
정연규,민달기,배범한,신창호 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1988 논문집 Vol.20 No.2
본 연구는 회전원판법(RBC) 에 의한 페놀성 폐수의 처리시 Cd(II), Zn(II) 가 페놀 및 페놀성 유기물 제거에 미치는 영향을 비교 분석한 것으로 pH , 온도, 체류시간, 회전속도를 일정하게 한 뒤, 일정한 페놀농도 system 에 Cd(II), Zn(II) 농도의 단계적 변화 후 정상상태(Steady State)에서 페놀과 페놀성 유기물 제거율 및 Cd(II), Zn(II) 농도를 측정하였다. 본 연구에서 실험결과를 분석하여 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 미생물이 Cd(II), Zn(II)의 독성에 영향을 받아, 페놀 및 페놀성 유기물제거율이 감소되었다. 특히, 페놀농도 400mg/L system 에서 Cd(II), Zn(II) 50mg/L 을 유입시킬 때 페놀 및 페놀성 유기물제거율이 50% 미만으로 감소되었다. 또한 Cd(II), Zn(II) 유입으로 system 내의 미생물 종류변화가 거의 일어나지 않는다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. This study is an experimental research about the effects of heavy metal on treatment of phenol and phenolic organics using Rotating Biological Contactors. The concentrations of phenol, phenolic organics, and heavy metal are measured at study after the concentration of heavy metal is made to be changed by steps in constant phenolic concentration system. The temperature, pH, retention time, and the time of rotation are set to be constant. This results of this study obtained by analysing the experimental data are as follows: (1) Phenol removal efficiency and phenolic organics removal efficiency decreased because micro-organism was affected by the toxicity heavy metal. (2) When heavy metal concentration 50 mg/L was inflowed in phenol concentration 400mg/L system, phenol and phenolic organics removal efficiency decreased less than 50 percents. (3) It can be known that change of microorganism species with system was not occured by heavy metal inflow.
Bae, Ji-Young,Moon, Sun-Hwa,Choi, Jung-Ah,Park, Jong-Sug,Hahn, Bum-Soo,Kim, Ki-Yong,Kim, Byung-Han,Song, Jae-Young,Kwon, Dae-Hyuck,Lee, Suk-Chan,Kim, Jong-Bum,Yang, Joo-Sung The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2009 Immune Network Vol.9 No.6
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a small single-stranded RNA virus which belongs to the family Picornaviridae, genus Apthovirus. It is a principal cause of FMD which is highly contagious in livestock. In a wild type virus infection, infected animals usually elicit antibodies against structural and non-structural protein of FMDV. A structural protein, VP1, is involved in neutralization of virus particle, and has both B and T cell epitopes. A RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, 3D, is highly conserved among other serotypes and strongly immunogenic, therefore, we selected VP1 and 3D as vaccine targets. VP1 and 3D genes were codon-optimized to enhance protein expression level and cloned into mammalian expression vector. To produce recombinant protein, VP1 and 3D genes were also cloned into pET vector. The VP1 and 3D DNA or proteins were co-immunized into 5 weeks old BALB/C mice. Antigen-specific serum antibody (Ab) responses were detected by Ab ELISA. Cellular immune response against VP1 and 3D was confirmed by ELISpot assay. The results showed that all DNA- and protein-immunized groups induced cellular immune responses, suggesting that both DNA and recombinant protein vaccine administration efficiently induced Ag-specific humoral and cellular immune responses.
Bae, Suk Joo,Kim, Seong-Joon,Park, Jong In,Park, Chan Woong,Lee, Jin-Hwa,Song, Inseob,Lee, Naesung,Kim, Ki-Bum,Park, Jun-Young Elsevier 2012 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.37 No.12
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>To expand commercial applications of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), the evaluation time for their durability must be shortened. This article provides a straightforward accelerated degradation testing (ADT) procedure for PEMFC for easy and quick implementation of the procedure. The ADT procedure includes statistical modeling of degradation patterns of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) in PEMFCs under startup–shutdown cycling conditions. For this purpose, we propose a nonparametric degradation model to describe the nonlinear performance degradation paths of PEMFC MEAs. The analysis results indicate that the nonparametric approach provides more accurate estimates of the observed degradation data than other parametric approaches. Based on the nonparametric degradation model, we suggest a method to predict failure-times under normal operating conditions by estimating the time-scale factor under accelerated operating conditions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► We provide a straightforward accelerated degradation testing procedure for PEMFC. ► We propose a nonparametric degradation model to describe the nonlinear performance degradation paths of PEMFC. ► We suggest a method to predict failure-times under normal operating conditions by estimating the time-scale factor.</P>
Comparative Study on AlGaN/GaN HFETs and MIS-HFETs
Ki-Yeol PARK,이정희,Hyun-Chul CHOI,이종람,Sung-Bum BAE,YongHo BAE 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.3
We report some comparative results on AlGaN/GaN heterostructure eld eect transistor (HFET) and metal insulator semiconductor (MIS)-HFET. The AlGaN/GaN HFET and MIS-HFET studied were grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on sapphire substrate. The thickness of undoped AlGaN and GaN were 250 and 2.5 m, respectively and Al composition of AlGaN layer was 30 %. In our study, we used Al2O3 simultaneously for channel passivation and as a gate insulator which was deposited by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD). The HFETs and MIS-HFETs were fabricated on the same wafer. The HFET showed that the maximum drain current was 550 mA/mm and the maximum transconductance was 200 mS/mm, with a 1.2 m gate length. The MIS-HFET showed that the maximum drain current was 1300 mA/mm, maximum transconductance was 140 mS/mm, and gate leakage current was 20 pA with a 1.2 m gate length. Pulsed I-V characteristics showed that current collapse is eectively removed by PEALD Al2O3.
A case of malignant otitis externa caused by Candida glabrata in a patient receiving haemodialysis
Bae, Woo Kyun,Lee, Kyun Sang,Park, Jeong Woo,Bae, Eun Hui,Kwon, Seong,Kim, Nam Ho,Choi, Ki Chul,Shin, Jong Hee,Cho, Hyong Ho,Cho, Yong Bum,Kim, Soo Wan Informa Healthcare 2007 Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases Vol.39 No.4
<P> A 74-y-old male receiving haemodialysis presented with right-sided otalgia, otorrhoea and diffuse swelling on the right external auditory canal. Following an initial successful treatment with prolonged intravenous antibiotics, the patient relapsed with a secondary infection in the same site due to Candida glabrata. We report an unusual case of malignant otitis externa caused by the fungus C. glabrata.</P>