Substitution of soybean meal with detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal: Effects on performance, nutrient utilization, and meat edibility of growing pigs

Li, Yang,Chen, Ling,Zhang, Yuhui,Wu, Jianmei,Lin, Yan,Fang, Zhengfeng,Che, Lianqiang,Xu, Shengyu,Wu, De Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.6

Objective: The study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with different levels of detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal (DJM) in growing pig diets on growth performance, nutrients digestibility and meat edibility. Methods: A total of 144 pigs with initial body weight of $20.47{\pm}1.44kg$, were randomly allocated to 6 dietary treatments with 6 replications per treatment and 4 pigs per replication for a period of 79 days. Six diets (DJM0, DJM15, DJM30, DJM45, DJM60, and DJM75) were formulated using DJM to replace 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, and 75% of SBM. From d 37 to 42, feces and urine were total collected from six barrows in each treatment. At day 79, thirty-six pigs were slaughtered for sampling. The feed intake and weight gain were recorded, while the intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activities, nutrient digestibility and the content of residual phorbol esters in muscles were determined. Results: The results showed that increasing the replacement of SBM with DJM decreased the parameters including body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, gain-to-feed ratio, weight and villus heights of duodenum, villus height and villus height/crypt depth of jejunum, digestive enzymes (protease, amylase, lipase, and trypsin) activities, and nutrients digestibility (nitrogen deposition, digestibility of nitrogen, energy digestibility, and total nitrogen utilization) (linear, p<0.05; quadratic, p<0.05) and there was no significant difference among DJM0, DJM15, and DJM30 in all measured indices. The highest diarrhea morbidity was observed in DJM75 (p<0.05). Phorbol esters were not detected in pig muscle tissues. Conclusion: The DJM was a good protein source for pigs, and could be used to replace SBM up to 30% (diet phorbol esters concentration at 5.5 mg/kg) in growing pig diets with no detrimental impacts on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and meat edibility.

A Novel ACE Inhibitory Peptide Ala-His-Leu-Leu Lowering Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Ying Li,Jianzhong Zhou,XiaoXiong Zeng,Jianmei Yu 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.2

Ala-His-Leu-Leu (AHLL) was isolated and purified from the loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) hydrolysate in our previous study. The aim of this study was to investigate the antihypertensive effects of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide AHLL in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). AHLL showed good antihypertensive effects in SHRs during the long-term oral administration and no allergic reactions or coughing were observed. After 2 months of oral administration of AHLL, the body weight growth was normal. The decrements in systolic blood pressure of the high dose (5 mg/kg bw) and the low dose of AHLL (1 mg/kg bw) treatment groups were 22.1 and 5.0mmHg at week 8, respectively. Compared to the control group, the concentrations of triglyceride and sodium in serum were reduced significantly in the highdose group after 2 months. The ACE activity of kidney and lung decreased significantly, which indicated that AHLL exerted an antihypertensive effect on kidney and lung and they were the target sites of AHLL. These results strongly supported the in vivo antihypertensive mechanism of AHLL.

Research Progress in Structure-Activity Relationship of Bioactive Peptides

Ying Li,Jianmei Yu 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.2

Bioactive peptides are specific protein fragments that have positive impact on health. They are important sources of new biomedicine, energy and high-performance materials. The beneficial effects of bioactive peptides are due to their antioxidant, antihypertensive, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory activities. The structure-activity relationship of bioactive peptides plays a significant role in the development of innovative and unconventional synthetic polymeric counterparts. It provides the basis of the stereospecific synthesis, transformation, and development of bioactive peptide products. This review covers the progress of studies in the structure-activity relationship of some bioactive peptides including antioxidant peptides, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme-inhibitory peptides, and anticarcinogenic peptides in the past decade.

GM-CSF augmented the photothermal immunotherapeutic outcome of self-driving gold nanoparticles against colorectal cancer

Jie Dai,Jianmei Li,Yuqin Zhang,Qian Wen,Yun Lu,Yu Fan,Fancai Zeng,Zhiyong Qian,Yan Zhang,Shaozhi Fu 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background Hypoxia is a frequent characteristic observed in solid tumors and is strongly associated with tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. While the vasculature of hypoxic tumor tissues poses obstacles to the efficient administration of conventional drugs, it may prove advantageous in sustaining hyperthermia. Photothermal therapy (PTT) offers a promising treatment strategy that utilizes the activation of photosensitizers to produce heat, thus facilitating the selective ablation of tumor tissues. Method To enhance the accumulation of photothermal agents in tumor tissue and improve the effectiveness of PTT, we developed a self-propelled hybrid called Bif@PAu-NPs. This hybrid consists of polydopamine (PDA)-coated gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) loaded onto the anaerobic Bifidobacterium infantis (Bif ). Results The Bif@PAu-NPs actively aggregated at the tumor site because the ability of Bif can target hypoxic regions, and PAu-NPs achieved precise PTT due to their high photothermal conversion efficiency (η = 67.8%). The tumor tissues were ablated by PTT, resulting in the release of antigens through immunogenic cell death (ICD), which stimulates an immune response. The inclusion of GM-CSF enhanced the immune response by recruiting dendritic cells and initiating long-term anti-tumor immunity. Conclusion The Bif@PAu-NPs hybrid effectively suppressed the growth of both primary tumors and re-challenged tumors. The utilization Bif@PAu-NPs in conjunction with GM-SCF exhibits great potential as a photothermal-immunotherapeutic strategy for precisely treating solid tumors.

External Magnetic Field of Journal Bearing with Twined Solenoid

Yanjuan Zhang,Jianmei Wang,Decai Li 한국자기학회 2017 Journal of Magnetics Vol.22 No.2

In this paper, the distribution of internal magnetic induction intensity of oil-film bearing twined solenoids was proposed. The magnetic field was generated by solenoids and magnetized bearing. The magnetized bearing was simplified as solenoid model. The mathematical model of magnetic induction intensity at any point of finite solenoid was deduced. Through experiment method, the distribution of the internal magnetic induction intensity of oil-film bearing and the magnetizing current formula of bearing was obtained. Further, the magnetic induction intensity distribution of magnetization bearing was solved successfully. The results showed that the magnetic induction was a second-degree parabola with open upwards along the axial plane and the distribution of magnetic induction intensity was opposite to the rule of magnetic induction intensity generated by solenoids. In addition, the magnetic flux density increased linearly with the increase of current.

Multi-objective intelligent cooperative design for interference fit of the conical sleeve

Ke Ning,Jianmei Wang,Pu Li,Dan Xiang,Dingbang Hou 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.8

This paper deals with the multi-objective intelligent cooperative optimization for interference fit of conical sleeve. The influence of various factors on contact pressure of conical sleeve was quantitatively analyzed, and the relationship among multi-objectives and multivariables was comprehensively built. Take the cone sleeve of oil film bearing as the research object, the key factors of the cone sleeve were determined with a combination of actual situations, and its sample data was obtained by central composite test design. Considering the multi-objective involving yield strength, torque and mass, the approximate model of the response surface based on the kriging algorithm was given. Then, a multi-objective intelligent cooperative design method for interference fit of the cone sleeve was established by solving the NSGA-II algorithm. Example analysis has shown that such a method makes up for the deficiency of theoretical design to ignore the stress concentration problem, and its accuracy is 32 times that of the BP neural network algorithm. Finally, the experiments verified the correctness of this method.

Alkyl-substituted carbazole/pyridine hybrid host materials for efficient solution-processable blue- and green-emitting phosphorescent OLEDs

Chao Tang,Jianmei Chen,Yuxin Li,Xinchao Liu,Lili Zhang,Fangfang Wang,Jia Hu,Xudong Cao,Tao Jiang 대한금속·재료학회 2021 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.17 No.2

Three new pyridine-cored alkyl-substituted carbazole derivatives of 2,6-bis(2,7-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)pyridine(2,7-MeCzPy), 2,6-bis(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl) pyridine (3,6-MeCzPy) and 2,6-bis(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)pyridine (3,6-tBuCzPy) were synthesized by means of connecting methyl or tert-butyl substituents on the3,6 or 2,7 positions of carbazole with pyridine ring as the core. The influence of different alkyl and linkages modeon the thermal, photophysical, electrochemical properties and devices electrolumiescent (EL) performances of thecompounds were comprehensively studied. In solution-processed blue or green phosphorescent organic light-emittingdiodes (PHOLEDs) with bis[2-(4,6-difluorophenyl)-pyridinato-N,C2] picolinate iridium(III) (FIrpic) or fac-tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium (Ir(ppy)3) as phosphorescent dopants, EL performances follow the same sequence of 2,7-MeCzPy> 3,6-tBuCzPy > 3,6-MeCzPy, the trend is consistent with the value of triplet energies (ET). Devices hosted by2,7-MeCzPy achieving the best EL performance, exhibited maxima 13.6 cd A−1 and 7.0 lm W−1 for current efficiency(CE) and power efficiency (PE) in blue PHOLEDs, maxima 26.2 cd A−1 and 16.2 lm W−1 for CE and PE in greenPHOLEDs.

A Novel Voltammetric Sensor Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Platinum Nanohybrid‐modified Electrode for Facile and Effective Determination of 4‐Chlorophenol in Real Water Samples

Qi Sun,Jianmei Li,Tao Le,Lei Zhang 대한화학회 2018 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.39 No.5

Herein, a facile and enzyme?free CP sensor was fabricated by in situ electrochemical reduction strategy on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was chose as supporting materials for the distribution of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) to obtain improved catalytic properties. The applicability and suitability of the obtained RGO?Pt/GCE for 4?CP detection were also evaluated. The results indicated that the RGO?Pt NPs modified electrode displayed much better catalysis and higher sensitivity for 4?CP oxidation. Under optimum conditions, the oxidation peak current was proportional to 4?CP concentration in the range from 0.1 to 500??M with a detection limit of 51?nM. Meanwhile, it is demonstrated that the prepared sensor is also characterized by excellent feasibility, satisfactory reproducibility, good stability and high specificity. The results suggested that RGO?Pt/GCE could be a facile, cost?effective, and rapid tool for the prospect on?line evaluation of 4?CP in drinking water samples.

Identification of genes involved in inbreeding depression of reproduction in Langshan chickens

Xue Qian,Li Guohui,Cao Yuxia,Yin Jianmei,Zhu Yunfen,Zhang Huiyong,Zhou Chenghao,Shen Haiyu,Dou Xinhong,Su Yijun,Wang Kehua,Zou Jianmin,Han Wei 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.6

Objective: Inbreeding depression of reproduction is a major concern in the conservation of native chicken genetic resources. Here, based on the successful development of strongly inbred (Sinb) and weakly inbred (Winb) Langshan chickens, we aimed to evaluate inbreeding effects on reproductive traits and identify candidate genes involved in inbreeding depression of reproduction in Langshan chickens. Methods: A two-sample t-test was performed to estimate the differences in phenotypic values of reproductive traits between Sinb and Winb chicken groups. Three healthy chickens with reproductive trait values around the group mean values were selected from each of the groups. Differences in ovarian and hypothalamus transcriptomes between the two groups of chickens were analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Results: The Sinb chicken group showed an obvious inbreeding depression in reproduction, especially for traits of age at the first egg and egg number at 300 days (p<0.01). Furthermore, 68 and 618 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained in the hypothalamus and ovary between the two chicken groups, respectively. In the hypothalamus, DEGs were mainly enriched in the pathways related to vitamin metabolism, signal transduction and development of the reproductive system, such as the riboflavin metabolism, Wnt signaling pathway, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and focal adhesion pathways, including stimulated by retinoic acid 6, serpin family F member 1, secreted frizzled related protein 2, Wnt family member 6, and frizzled class receptor 4 genes. In the ovary, DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways associated with basic metabolism, including amino acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycosaminoglycan degradation. A series of key DEGs involved in folate biosynthesis (gamma-glutamyl hydrolase, guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1), oocyte meiosis and ovarian function (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1, structural maintenance of chromosomes 1B, and speedy/RINGO cell cycle regulator family member A), spermatogenesis and male fertility (prostaglandin D2 synthase 21 kDa), Mov10 RISC complex RNA helicase like 1, and deuterosome assembly protein 1) were identified, and these may play important roles in inbreeding depression in reproduction. Conclusion: The results improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying inbreeding depression in chicken reproduction and provide a theoretical basis for the conservation of species resources. Objective: Inbreeding depression of reproduction is a major concern in the conservation of native chicken genetic resources. Here, based on the successful development of strongly inbred (Sinb) and weakly inbred (Winb) Langshan chickens, we aimed to evaluate inbreeding effects on reproductive traits and identify candidate genes involved in inbreeding depression of reproduction in Langshan chickens.Methods: A two-sample t-test was performed to estimate the differences in phenotypic values of reproductive traits between Sinb and Winb chicken groups. Three healthy chickens with reproductive trait values around the group mean values were selected from each of the groups. Differences in ovarian and hypothalamus transcriptomes between the two groups of chickens were analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq).Results: The Sinb chicken group showed an obvious inbreeding depression in reproduction, especially for traits of age at the first egg and egg number at 300 days (p<0.01). Furthermore, 68 and 618 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained in the hypothalamus and ovary between the two chicken groups, respectively. In the hypothalamus, DEGs were mainly enriched in the pathways related to vitamin metabolism, signal transduction and development of the reproductive system, such as the riboflavin metabolism, Wnt signaling pathway, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and focal adhesion pathways, including stimulated by retinoic acid 6, serpin family F member 1, secreted frizzled related protein 2, Wnt family member 6, and frizzled class receptor 4 genes. In the ovary, DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways associated with basic metabolism, including amino acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycosaminoglycan degradation. A series of key DEGs involved in folate biosynthesis (gamma-glutamyl hydrolase, guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1), oocyte meiosis and ovarian function (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1, structural maintenance of chromosomes 1B, and speedy/RINGO cell cycle regulator family member A), spermatogenesis and male fertility (prostaglandin D2 synthase 21 kDa), Mov10 RISC complex RNA helicase like 1, and deuterosome assembly protein 1) were identified, and these may play important roles in inbreeding depression in reproduction.Conclusion: The results improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying inbreeding depression in chicken reproduction and provide a theoretical basis for the conservation of species resources.

Cordycepin inhibits chondrocyte hypertrophy of mesenchymal stem cells through PI3K/Bapx1 and Notch signaling pathway

( Zhen Cao ),( Ce Dou ),( Jianmei Li ),( Xiangyu Tang ),( Junyu Xiang ),( Chunrong Zhao ),( Lingyu Zhu ),( Yun Bai ),( Qiang Xiang ),( Shiwu Dong ) 생화학분자생물학회 2016 BMB Reports Vol.49 No.10

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in cartilage tissue engineering to repair articular cartilage defects. However, hypertrophy of chondrocytes derived from MSCs might hinder the stabilization of hyaline cartilage. Thus, it is very important to find a suitable way to maintain the chondrogenic phenotype of chondrocytes. It has been reported that cordycepin has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor functions. However, the role of cordycepin in chondrocyte hypertrophy remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of cordycepin on chondrogenesis and chondrocyte hypertrophy in MSCs and ATDC5 cells. Cordycepin upregulated chondrogenic markers including Sox9 and collagen type II while down-regulated hypertrophic markers including Runx2 and collagen type X. Further exploration showed that cordycepin promoted chondrogenesis through inhibiting Nrf2 while activating BMP signaling. Besides, cordycepin suppressed chondrocyte hypertrophy through PI3K/Bapx1 pathway and Notch signaling. Our results indicated cordycepin had the potential to maintain chondrocyte phenotype and reconstruct engineered cartilage. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(10): 548-553]