Association between Cardiac Arrest Time and Favorable Neurological Outcomes in Witnessed Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients Treated with Targeted Temperature Management

Zoon Ho Lee,김용환,이준호,이동우,Kyoung Yul Lee,Seong Youn Hwang 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.16

Background: Patients who achieve a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) with prolonged cardiac arrest have been recognized to have a poor prognosis. This might lead to reluctance in the provision of post-resuscitation care. Hence, we evaluated the impact of cardiac arrest time on neurologic outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study used a hospital-based nationwide registry of OHCAs in Korea between 2012 and 2016. All witnessed OHCA patients aged ≥ 15 years and treated with targeted temperature management were included. We collected the time from collapse to sustained ROSC, which was defined as the downtime. The primary outcome was a favorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine independent factors for primary outcome in patients with downtime > 30 minutes. Results: Overall, neurologically favorable outcome rates were 30.5% in 1,963 patients. When the downtime was stratified into categories of 0–10, 11–20, 21–30, 31–40, 41–50, 51–60, and > 60 minutes according to 10-minute intervals, neurologically favorable outcome rates were 58.2%, 52.3%, 37.3%, 24.6%, 14.1%, 17.4%, and 16.7%, respectively (P < 0.001). In patients with downtime > 30 minutes, age 51–70 years (odds ratio [OR], 5.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.50–11.49), age ≤ 50 years (OR, 13.16; 95% CI, 6.06–28.57), shockable rhythm (OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 2.71–5.68), bystander resuscitation (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.27–2.55), cardiac cause (OR, 3.50; 95% CI, 1.69–7.25), percutaneous coronary intervention (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.18–2.81), and downtime ≤ 40 minutes (OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.42–2.88) were associated with favorable neurological outcomes. Conclusion: In patients with prolonged downtime, predicting favorable neurologic outcome may be multifactorial. The cutoff value for downtime is not the only determining factor to provide post-resuscitation care.

Novel protective mechanism against irreversible hyperoxidation of peroxiredoxin: Nalpha-terminal acetylation of human peroxiredoxin II.

Seo, Jae Ho,Lim, Jung Chae,Lee, Duck-Yeon,Kim, Kyung Seok,Piszczek, Grzegorz,Nam, Hyung Wook,Kim, Yu Sam,Ahn, Taeho,Yun, Chul-Ho,Kim, Kanghwa,Chock, P Boon,Chae, Ho Zoon American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2009 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.284 No.20

<P>Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a group of peroxidases containing a cysteine thiol at their catalytic site. During peroxidase catalysis, the catalytic cysteine, referred to as the peroxidatic cysteine (C(P)), cycles between thiol (C(P)-SH) and disulfide (-S-S-) states via a sulfenic (C(P)-SOH) intermediate. Hyperoxidation of the C(P) thiol to its sulfinic (C(P)-SO(2)H) derivative has been shown to be reversible, but its sulfonic (C(P)-SO(3)H) derivative is irreversible. Our comparative study of hyperoxidation and regeneration of Prx I and Prx II in HeLa cells revealed that Prx II is more susceptible than Prx I to hyperoxidation and that the majority of the hyperoxidized Prx II formation is reversible. However, the hyperoxidized Prx I showed much less reversibility because of the formation of its irreversible sulfonic derivative, as verified with C(P)-SO(3)H-specific antiserum. In an attempt to identify the multiple hyperoxidized spots of the Prx I on two-dimensional PAGE analysis, an N-acetylated Prx I was identified as part of the total Prx I using anti-acetylated Lys antibody. Using peptidyl-Asp metalloendopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.33) peptide fingerprints, we found that N(alpha)-terminal acetylation (N(alpha)-Ac) occurred exclusively on Prx II after demethionylation. N(alpha)-Ac of Prx II blocks Prx II from irreversible hyperoxidation without altering its affinity for hydrogen peroxide. A comparative study of non-N(alpha)-acetylated and N(alpha)-terminal acetylated Prx II revealed that N(alpha)-Ac of Prx II induces a significant shift in the circular dichroism spectrum and elevation of T(m) from 59.6 to 70.9 degrees C. These findings suggest that the structural maintenance of Prx II by N(alpha)-Ac may be responsible for preventing its hyperoxidation to form C(P)-SO(3)H.</P>

시판 토화젓의 정미성분에 관한 연구

이응호(Eung-Ho Lee),이정석(Jung-Suck Lee),주동식(Dong-Sik Joo),박중제(Jung-Je Park),김희경(Hee-Kyung Kim),장석준(Sug-Zoon Chang) 한국식품영양과학회 1996 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.25 No.2

전남지방의 전통 수산발효식품인 토하젓의 인지도 향상 및 국가경쟁력을 갖춘 지역특산품으로 발전시키기 위한 일련의 연구로써, 식품학적 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 숙성기간이 다른 시판 토하젓을 구입하여 정미 성분을 분석ㆍ검토하였다. 저온 (5±2℃)에서 90일간 숙성시킨 토하젓의 전체 유리아미노산 함량은 건물당 1873.0㎎/100g으로 담금 직후 토하젓의 전체 유리아미노산(719.4㎎/100g) 보다 2배 이상 많았다. 한편 숙성된 토하젓의 주요 유리아미노산은 glutamic acid, alanine, leucine, valine 및 phenylalanine으로 전체 유리아미노산에 대해 58.6%를 차지하였다. 핵산 관련물질은 담금 직후 및 숙성된 토하젓 모두 hypoxanthine의 함량이 월등히 많았으며, 그 다음으로 AMP 및 IMP 순이였다. 그리고 숙성된 토하젓은 담금 직후의 토하젓과 비교해서 AMP 및 IMP는 적었으나, hypoxanthine의 함량은 많았다. 불휘발성 유기산을 GC 분석한 결과, 담금 직 후 및 숙성된 제품 모두에 lactic acid가 가장 많아 각각 건물당 389.3㎎/100g 및 752.3㎎/100g이였고, succinic acid는 미량 함유되어 있었다. 90일간 숙성된 토하젓의 TMAO, betaine 및 total creatinine 함량은 건물량 기준으로 각각 63.6㎎/100g, 179.1㎎/100g 및 123.7㎎/100g이었다. Omission test를 이용하여 각 정미성분을 관능검사한 결과, 유리아미노산 및 불휘발성 유기산이 토하젓의 맛에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 핵산 관련물질은 그다지 맛에 대한 기여도가 높지 않았다. 따라서 시판 토하젓의 맛에는 유리아미노산 및 불휘발성 유기산이 중요한 역할을 하며, 핵산 관련물질이나 TMAO, betaine 및 total creatinine은 보조적인 역할을 할 것으로 생각된다. Toha-jeot, salt-fermented freshwater shrimp(Caridina denticulata denticulata D_E H_(AAN)) is a traditional food in Chonlanam-Do in Korea. Commercial product, after fermentation is completed, used to be prepared by mixing Toha-jeot with ingredients such as boiled glutinous rice, ginger, garlic, and sesame. Taste compounds in Toha-jeot were analyzed on the basis of different fermentation methods and time. Total free amino acids in fermented Toha-jeot were two times more than those in unfermented one. Major free amino acids in fermented Toha-jeot were glutamic acid, alanine, leucine, valine, and phenylalanine. In case of non-volatile organic acids, and nucleotides and their related compounds, lactic acid and hypoxanthine were the major ones in both samples, respectively. In fermented Toha-jeot trimethylamine oxide, betaine, and total creatinine were determined to be 63.6㎎/100g, 179.1㎎/100g, and 123.7㎎/100g on moisture free basis, respectively. The result of taste evaluation by omission test revealed that the major taste compounds in fermented Toha-jeot were free amino acids and non-volatile organic acids.

Chloramphenicol 이 흰쥐태아 경골의 연골막내 연골전구 체세포와 전연골세포의 미세구조에 미치는 영향

이규식,정호삼,김성준,김광회,박용욱 한양대학교 의과대학 1989 한양의대 학술지 Vol.9 No.1

Chloramphenicol, isolated from the Streptomyces venezuelae, has been used as an antibioties against wide range of bacteria including Haemophilus influenzae, Salmonella, Staphylococci, Streptococci and Pneumococci species. It is widely used in the treatment of venereal disease, salmonellosis, enteritis, Hodgkin's disease and typhoid. Chloramphenicol inhibits not only the bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 70S ribosome but also the mammalian mitochondria protein synthesis. In case the chloramphenicol is administered to pregnant rat, the fetal growth and differentiation of cells in perichondrium may be damaged. So the author undertook the present study to pursue the effect of the chloramphenicol on chondrogenic cells and prechondrocytes in the perichondrium of tibial cartilage models. Femals Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200 gm were mated with the male rats and the pregnancy was confirmed by means of the vaginal smear. Chloramphenicol (300 mg/kg) was administered to the experimental animals once per day from the 8th to the 14th day of the pregnancy. The specimens obtained from the fetal tibia at the 15th, 18th and 21th day of the pregnancy were fixed in 10% formaline and paraffin sections of tibia cartilage models were stained with alcian blue (pH 2.5) for light microscopic observation and perichondrium of tibial cartilage models of each fetal stage during pregnancy was made double stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate for observation by electron microscope. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In the chloramphenicol treated fetal tibia, cartilage model showed irregular shapes and reduced mesenchymal cells and thinned perichondrium were observed. 2. In the chloramphenicol treated fetal tibia, cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in the chondrogenic cells and precartilage cells were dilated and sacculated. Mitochondriae were swollen and their cristae were dilated and Golgicomplexes were atrophied. 3. In the chloramphenicol treated fetal tibia, collagen fibrils and secretory granules of the matrix were reduced. Consequently, it is suggested that chloramphenicol shows toxic effects on the precartilage cells, chondrogenic cells and perichondrium so that the synthesis of cartilage matrix be reduced.

Structural and biochemical analyses reveal ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 as a specific client of the peroxiredoxin II chaperone

Lee, Sang Pil,Park, Chan Mi,Kim, Kyung Seok,Kim, Eunji,Jeong, Moonkyung,Shin, Ji-Young,Yun, Chul-Ho,Kim, Kanghwa,Chock, P. Boon,Chae, Ho Zoon Elsevier 2018 Archives of biochemistry and biophysics Vol.640 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) play dual roles as both thiol-peroxidases and molecular chaperones. Peroxidase activity enables various intracellular functions, however, the physiological roles of Prxs as chaperones are not well established. To study the chaperoning function of Prx, we previously sought to identify heat-induced Prx-binding proteins as the clients of a Prx chaperone. By using His-tagged Prx I as a bait, we separated ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) as a heat-induced Prx I binding protein from rat brain crude extracts. Protein complex immunoprecipitation with HeLa cell lysates revealed that both Prx I and Prx II interact with UCH-L1. However, Prx II interacted considerably more favorably with UCH-L1 than Prx I. Prx II exhibited more effective molecular chaperone activity than Prx I when UCH-L1 was the client. Prx II interacted with UCH-L1 through its C-terminal region to protect UCH-L1 from thermal or oxidative inactivation. We found that chaperoning via interaction through C-terminal region (specific-client chaperoning) is more efficient than that involving oligomeric structural change (general-client chaperoning). Prx II binds either thermally or oxidatively unfolding early intermediates of specific clients and thereby shifted the equilibrium towards their native state. We conclude that this chaperoning mechanism provides a very effective and selective chaperoning activity.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Prx II interacts with UCH-L1 through its C-terminal region. </LI> <LI> Prx II effectively protects UCH-L1 against thermal or oxidative inactivation. </LI> <LI> Oligomeric structural changes are not prerequisite for this chaperoning mechanism. </LI> <LI> This novel chaperoning mechanism is named as specific-client chaperoning. </LI> </UL> </P>

Stoichiometric Effects. Correlation of the Rates of Solvolysis of Isopropenyl Chloroformate

Zoon Ha Ryu,Young Ho Lee,Yunghee Oh 대한화학회 2005 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.26 No.11

Solvolysis rates of isopropenyl chloroformate (3) in water, D2O, CH3OD and in aqueous methanol, ethanol, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), acetone, 1,4-dioxane as well as TFE-ethanol at 10 oC are reported. Additional kinetic data for pure water, pure ethanol and 80%(w/w) 2,2,2-trifuoroethanol (T)-water (W) at various temperatures are also reported. These rates show the phenomena of maximum rates in specific solvents (30% (v/v) methanol-water and 20% (v/v) ethanol-water) and, variations in relative rates are small in aqueous alcohols. The kinetic data are analyzed in terms of GW correlations, steric effects, kinetic solvent isotope effects (KSIE), and a third order model based on general base catalysis (GBC). Solvolyses based on predominately stoichiometric solvation effect relative to medium solvation are proceeding in 3 and the results are remarkably similar to those for p-nitrobenzoyl chloride (4) in mechanism and reactivity.

Radiation-induced Necrosis Deteriorating Neurological Symptoms and Mimicking Progression of Brain Metastasis after Stereotactic-guided Radiotherapy

Young Zoon Kim,김대용,Heon Yoo,Hee Seok Yang,Sang Hoon Shin,Eun Kyung Hong,Kwan Ho Cho,Seung Hoon Lee 대한암학회 2007 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.39 No.1

Purpose: Although radiation-induced necrosis (RIN) is not a tumor in itself, the lesion progressively enlarges with mass effects and diffuse peritumoral edema in a way that resembles neoplasm. To identify the RIN that mimics progression of brain metastasis, we performed surgical resections of symptomatic RIN lesions. Meterials and Methods: From June 2003 to December 2005, 7 patients received stereotactic-guided radiotherapy (SRT) for metastatic brain tumor, and they later underwent craniotomy and tumor resection due to the progressive mass effects and the peritumoral edema that caused focal neurological deficit. On MR imaging, a ring-like enhanced single lesion with massive peritumoral edema could not be distinguished from progression of brain metastasis. Results: Four patients had non-small cell lung cancer, 2 patients had colorectal cancer and 1 patient had renal cell carcinoma. The mean tumor volume was 8.7 ml (range: 3.0~20.7 ml). The prescribed dose of SRT was 30 Gy with 4 fractions for one patient, 18 Gy for two patients and 20 Gy for the other four patients. The four patients who received SRT with a dose of 20 Gy had RIN with or without microscopic residual tumor cells.Conclusions: Early detection of recurrent disease after radiotherapy and identifying radiation-induced tissue damage are important for delivering adequate treatment. Therefore, specific diagnostic tools that can distinguish RIN from progression of metastatic brain tumor need to be developed. (Cancer Res Treat. 2007;39:16-21) Purpose: Although radiation-induced necrosis (RIN) is not a tumor in itself, the lesion progressively enlarges with mass effects and diffuse peritumoral edema in a way that resembles neoplasm. To identify the RIN that mimics progression of brain metastasis, we performed surgical resections of symptomatic RIN lesions.Meterials and Methods: From June 2003 to December 2005, 7 patients received stereotactic-guided radiotherapy (SRT) for metastatic brain tumor, and they later underwent craniotomy and tumor resection due to the progressive mass effects and the peritumoral edema that caused focal neurological deficit. On MR imaging, a ring-like enhanced single lesion with massive peritumoral edema could not be distinguished from progression of brain metastasis.Results: Four patients had non-small cell lung cancer, 2 patients had colorectal cancer and 1 patient had renal cell carcinoma. The mean tumor volume was 8.7 ml (range: 3.0~20.7 ml). The prescribed dose of SRT was 30 Gy with 4 fractions for one patient, 18 Gy for two patients and 20 Gy for the other four patients. The four patients who received SRT with a dose of 20 Gy had RIN with or without microscopic residual tumor cells.Conclusions: Early detection of recurrent disease after radiotherapy and identifying radiation-induced tissue damage are important for delivering adequate treatment. Therefore, specific diagnostic tools that can distinguish RIN from progression of metastatic brain tumor need to be developed. (Cancer Res Treat. 2007;39:16-21)

Stoichiometric Effects. Correlation of the Rates of Solvolysis of Isopropenyl Chloroformate

Ryu, Zoon-Ha,Lee, Young-Ho,Oh, Yung-Hee Korean Chemical Society 2005 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.26 No.11

Solvolysis rates of isopropenyl chloroformate (3) in water, $D_2O$, $CH_3OD$ and in aqueous methanol, ethanol, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), acetone, 1,4-dioxane as well as TFE-ethanol at 10 ${^{\circ}C}$ are reported. Additional kinetic data for pure water, pure ethanol and 80%(w/w) 2,2,2-trifuoroethanol (T)-water (W) at various temperatures are also reported. These rates show the phenomena of maximum rates in specific solvents (30% (v/v) methanol-water and 20% (v/v) ethanol-water) and, variations in relative rates are small in aqueous alcohols. The kinetic data are analyzed in terms of GW correlations, steric effect, kinetic solvent isotope effects (KSIE), and a third order model based on general base catalysis (GBC). Solvolyses based on predominately stoichiometric solvation effect relative to medium solvation are proceeding in 3 and the results are remarkably similar to those for p-nitrobenzoyl chloride (4) in mechanism and reactivity.

데이터 증강을 이용한 의료 이미지 분류 정확도 개선에 관한 연구

박천호(Cheon-Ho Park),김민관(Min-Guan Kim),이승준(Seung-Zoon Lee),최정일(Jeongil Choi) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2023 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.28 No.12

본 연구는 합성곱 신경망 모델에서 이미지 데이터 증강을 통하여 대장암 진단 모델의 정확도를 개선하고자 하였다. 이미지 데이터 증강은 기초 이미지 조작 방법을 이용하여 뒤집기, 회전, 이동, 밀림, 주밍을 사용하였다. 본 연구에서는 실험설계를 위해 보유하고 있는 5000개의 이미지 데이터에 대해 훈련 데이터와 평가 데이터로 각각 4000개와 1000개로 나누었으며, 훈련 데이터 4000개에 대해 이미지 데이터 증강 기법으로 4000개와 8000개의 이미지를 추가하여 모델을 학습시켰다. 평가 결과는 훈련 데이터 4000개, 8000개, 12000개에 대한 분류 정확도가 각각 85.1%, 87.0%, 90.2%로 나왔으며 이미지 데이터 증강에 따른 개선 효과를 확인하였다. This paper attempted to improve the accuracy of the colorectal cancer diagnosis model using image data augmentation in convolutional neural network. Image data augmentation was performed by flipping, rotation, translation, shearing and zooming with basic image manipulation method. This study split 4000 training data and 1000 test data for 5000 image data held, the model is learned by adding 4000 and 8000 images by image data augmentation technique to 4000 training data. The evaluation results showed that the clasification accuracy for 4000, 8000, and 12,000 training data were 85.1%, 87.0%, and 90.2%, respectively, and the improvement effect depending on the increase of image data was confirmed.

Fully Stretchable Optoelectronic Sensors Based on Colloidal Quantum Dots for Sensing Photoplethysmographic Signals

Kim, Tae-Ho,Lee, Chang-Seok,Kim, Sangwon,Hur, Jaehyun,Lee, Sangmin,Shin, Keun Wook,Yoon, Young-Zoon,Choi, Moon Kee,Yang, Jiwoong,Kim, Dae-Hyeong,Hyeon, Taeghwan,Park, Seongjun,Hwang, Sungwoo American Chemical Society 2017 ACS NANO Vol.11 No.6

<P>Flexible and stretchable optoelectronic devices can be potentially applied in displays, biosensors, biomedicine, robotics, and energy generation. The use of nanomaterials with superior optical properties such as quantum dots (QDs) is important in the realization of wearable displays and biomedical devices, but specific structural design as well as selection of materials should preferentially accompany this technology to realize stretchable forms of these devices. Here, we report stretchable optoelectronic sensors manufactured using colloidal QDs and integrated with elastomeric substrates, whose optoelectronic properties are stable under various deformations. A graphene electrode is adopted to ensure extreme bendability of the devices. Ultrathin QD light emitting diodes and QD photodetectors are transfer-printed onto a prestrained elastomeric layout to form wavy configurations with regular patterns. The layout is mechanically stretchable until the structure is converted to a flat configuration. The emissive and active area itself can be stretched or compressed by buckled structures, which are applicable to wearable electronic devices. We demonstrate that these stretchable optoelectronic sensors can be used for continuous monitoring of blood waves via photoplethysmography signal recording. These and related systems create important and unconventional opportunities for stretchable and foldable optoelectronic devices with health-monitoring capability and, thus, meet the demand for wearable and body-integrated electronics.</P>