Causes, Features, and Outcomes of Drug-Induced Liver Injury in 69 Children from China

( Yun Zhu ),( Yong Gang Li ),( Jia Bo Wang ),( Shu Hong Liu ),( Li Fu Wang ),( Yan Ling Zhao ),( Yun Feng Bai ),( Zhong Xia Wang ),( Jian Yu Li ),( Xiao He Xiao ) 대한소화기학회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.4

Background/Aims: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a frequent cause of pediatric liver disease; however, the data on DILI are remarkably limited. Methods: All 69 children hospitalized with DILI between January 2009 and December 2011 were retrospectively studied. Results: A total of 37.7% of the children had medical histories of respiratory infection. The clinical injury patterns were as follows: hepatocellular 89.9%, cholestatic 2.9%, and mixed 7.2%. Liver biopsies from 55 children most frequently demonstrated chronic (47.3%) and acute (27.3%) hepatitis. Hypersensitivity features, namely, fever (31.9%), rash (21.7%), and eosinophilia (1.4%), were found. Twenty-four children (34.8%) developed chronic DILI. Antibiotics (26.1%) were the most common Western medicines (WMs) causing DILI, and the major implicated herbs were Ephedra sinica and Polygonum multiflorum. Compared with WM, the children whose injuries were caused by Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) showed a higher level of total bilirubin (1.4 mg/dL vs 16.6 mg/dL, p=0.004) and a longer prothrombin time (11.8 seconds vs 17.3 seconds, p=0.012), but they exhibited less chronic DILI (2/15 vs 18/39, p=0.031). Conclusions: Most cases of DILI in children are caused by antibiotics or CHM used to treat respiratory infection and present with hepatocellular injury. Compared with WM, CHM is more likely to cause severe liver injury, but liver injury caused by CHM is curable. (Gut Liver 2015;9:525-533)

Efficacy and Safety of Bevacizumab in Chinese Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Zhu, Li-Ming,Zhao, Ya-Zhen,Ju, Hai-Xing,Liu, Lu-Ying,Chen, Lei,Liu, Bi-Xia,Xu, Qi,Luo, Cong,Ying, Jie-Er,Yang, Yun-Shan,Zhong, Hai-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.16

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Methods: In a single-center, observational study of 91 Chinese patients with mCRC who received bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy was conducted. Objective response rates (ORRs), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and adverse events were recorded, and the relationships between various clinical factors and PFS or OS were evaluated by Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Treatment with bevacizumab and chemotherapy was effective and tolerable. Univariate analysis showed that PFS and OS were significantly associated with the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) score, duration of bevacizumab exposure, and whether chemotherapy was continued after discontinuation of bevacizumab treatment. A multivariate analysis showed that the duration of bevacizumab exposure and whether chemotherapy was continued after discontinuation of bevacizumab were independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS. Conclusion: In Chinese mCRC population, the shorter the duration of exposure to bevacizumab and chemotherapy, the worse the prognosis is.

Nonlinear tribo-dynamic model of helicopter mid-reducer system under light loss of lubrication

Feng-xia Lu,Xuechen Cao,He-yun Bao,Rupeng Zhu 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.11

When the helicopter tail transmission system loses oil due to damage, the system needs to persist for 30 minutes. Therefore, the nonlinear tribo-dynamics model of the helicopter intermediate reducer (HIR) is established, which is coupled with the loss of oil lubrication. To simulate condition of the HIR system under the loss of lubrication (LOL), this study begins by establishing a complete HIR system CFD model, and analyse the lubrication of the gear tooth surface and the oil churning/windage under different lubrication conditions. Then, a coupled model based on the result of the CFD is proposed to calculate the coefficient of friction (COF) under the condition of light loss of lubrication (LLOL). The results show that COF gradually decreases first and then increases rapidly.

Genome-wide analysis of codon usage bias patterns in an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F18 strain

Ri Wei Xia,Wen Bin Bao,Xue Mei Yin,Wei Yun Qin,Guo Qiang Zhu,Sheng Long Wu 한국유전학회 2017 Genes & Genomics Vol.39 No.11

Enterogenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F18 strains are the main pathogenic bacteria causing severe diarrhea in humans and domestic animals. However, the information about synonymous codon usage pattern of ETEC F18 genome remains unclear. We conducted a genome-wide analysis of synonymous codon usage patterns in the ETEC F18 strain SRA: SAMN02471895. After filtering of the complete genome sequence, 4327 coding sequences were analyzed using multivariate statistical methods to calculate synonymous codon usage patterns and to evaluate the influence of various factors in shaping the codon usage. The mean GC content was 51.38%, with a slight preference for G/C-ending codons. Twenty-two codons were determined as ‘‘optimal codons”. ENC plots showed some of the genes were on or close to the expected curve, while only points with low-ENC values were below the curve. PR2 analysis showed that GC and AT were not used proportionally, suggesting major roles for mutational pressure and natural selection in shaping usage. Neutrality plots showed a significant correlation between GC12 and GC3, suggesting that mutational pressure is responsible for nucleotide composition in shaping the strength of codon usage. Translational selection was the main factor shaping the codon usage pattern of ETEC F18 genome, while other factors such as protein length, GRAVY and ARO values also influenced codon usage to some extent. We analyzed the codon usage pattern systematically and identified the factors shaping codon usage bias in the ETEC F18 genome. Such information further elucidates the mechanisms of synonymous codon usage bias and provides the basis of molecular genetic engineering and evolutionary studies.

ADRVis : an Information Visualization Platform for Adverse Drug Reactions

Wei Jian-Xiang,Zhu Yun-Xia,Sun Jun,Xu Hou-Ming,Li Ming,Sun Yue-Hong 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.10

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a serious threat to people's lives and property safety. Currently, drug instructions are the main way for people to obtain information on ADRs. Due to drugs’ limited pre-market clinical trials, adverse reactionsstated in drug instructions are often not sufficient. Avisualization platform for ADRs isput forward to address this problem. Adverse drug events (ADEs) data include actual clinical adverse reactions of drugs detected by drug monitoring administrationand can compensate for the insufficiency of drug instructions. Based on drug instructions and ADEs data, ADRVis isrealized by data analysis, model design and JAVA programming. ADRVis presentsthe relationship of 656 common drugs and their respective ADRs. Three case studies show that the platform has the capacities of visual presentation of ADRs and early warning of drug risks.The platform can provide people more rich information about drugs and help them understand ADRs more accurately and comprehensively.

Comparative Phylogenetic Relationships and Genetic Structure of the Caterpillar Fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Its Host Insects Inferred from Multiple Gene Sequences

Qing-Mei Quan,Qing-Xia Wang,Xue-Li Zhou,Shan Li,Xiao-Ling Yang,Yun-Guo Zhu,Zhou Cheng 한국미생물학회 2014 The journal of microbiology Vol.52 No.2

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Ascomycota: Ophiocordycipitaceae)is a native fungal parasite of Hepialidae caterpillars and oneof the most economically important medicinal caterpillarfungi in China. However, little is known about the phylogeneticand evolutionary relationships between O. sinensis andits host insects. In this study, nuclear ITS and β-tubulin sequencesfrom O. sinensis and mitochondrial COI, COII, andCytb sequences from its hosts were analyzed across 33 populationssampled from five regions in China. Phylogenetically,both O. sinensis and its hosts were divided into three geographicallycorrelated clades, and their phylogenies were congruent. Analysis of molecular variance and calculated coefficientsof genetic differentiation revealed significant geneticdivergence among the clades within both O. sinensis (FST=0.878, NST=0.842) and its hosts (FST=0.861, NST=0.816). Estimatedgene flow was very low for O. sinensis (Nm=0.04) andthe host insects (Nm=0.04) among these three clades. Manteltests demonstrated a significant correlation (P<0.01) betweenthe genetic distances for O. sinensis and its hosts, as well as asignificant association (P<0.05) between geographic and geneticdistances in both. The similar phylogenetic relationships,geographic distributions, and genetic structure and differentiationbetween O. sinensis and its hosts imply that they have coevolved.

Prognostic Value of Baseline and Interim Total Metabolic Tumor Volume and Total Lesion Glycolysis Measured on 18F-FDG PET-CT in Patients with Follicular Lymphoma

Jin-Hua Liang,Yun-Ping Zhang,Jun Xia,Chong-Yang Ding,Wei Wu,Li Wang,Lei Cao,Hua-Yuan Zhu,Lei Fan,Tian-Nv Li,Jian-Yong Li,Wei Xu 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.4

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) in patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) at baseline and mid-treatment with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET-CT) scans. Materials and Methods The study analyzed data from 48 patients with FL who were treated in Jiangsu Province Hospital and reviewed their baseline PET-CT scans. TMTV and TLG were computed by using the absolute value of 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 thresholding method, respectively. Results Median age was 53 years, 75.0% of patients had stage III to IV disease, 43.8% had a Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index 1 (FLIPI1) score of 3 to 5 and 20.8% had a FLIPI2 score of 3 to 5. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed the optimal cut-off values for TMTV3.0 and TLG3.0 were 476.4 (sensitivity, 85.7%; specificity, 78.0%; area under the curve [AUC], 0.760; p=0.003) and 2,676.9 (sensitivity, 71.4%; specificity, 78.0%; AUC, 0.760; p=0.003). On multivariable analysis, TMTV3.0 and TLG3.0 were independent predictors of both progression-free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio [HR], 5.406; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.326 to 22.040; p=0.019 and HR, 6.502; 95% CI, 1.079 to 39.182; p=0.042) and overall survival (OS) (HR, 4.111; 95% CI, 1.125 to 15.027; p=0.033 and HR, 5.885; 95% CI, 1.014 to 34.148; p=0.049). ROC curve analysis showed the optimal cut-off values for TMTV3.0 and TLG3.0 were 66.3% (sensitivity, 85.7%; specificity, 63.4%; AUC, 0.774; p < 0.001) and 64.5% (sensitivity, 85.7%; specificity, 65.9%; AUC, 0.777; p < 0.001). Conclusion Baseline TMTV and TLG are strong predictors of PFS and OS in FL. Furthermore, interim TMTV (TMTV > 66.3%) and TLG (TLG > 64.5%) reduction are valuable tools for early treatment response assessment in FL patients.

ER membrane protein complex subunit 6 (EMC6) is a novel tumor suppressor in gastric cancer

( Xiaokun Wang ),( Yan Xia ),( Chentong Xu ),( Xin Lin ),( Peng Xue ),( Shijie Zhu ),( Yun Bai ),( Yingyu Chen ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2017 BMB Reports Vol.50 No.8

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein complex subunit 6 (EMC6) is a novel human autophagy-related molecule. Here, using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry, we report that EMC6 protein is lost or reduced in glandular cells of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, compared to normal stomach mucosa. Overexpression of EMC6 in gastric cancer cells inhibited cell growth, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S-phase. Further investigation suggested that EMC6 overexpression in BGC823 human adenocarcinoma gastric cancer cells reduced tumorigenicity in a xenograft model, demonstrating that EMC6 has the characteristics of a tumor suppressor. This is the first study to show that EMC6 induces cell death in gastric cancer cells. The molecular mechanism of how EMC6 functions as a tumor suppressor needs to be further explored. [BMB Reports 2017; 50(8): 411-416]

DEPDC1 is a novel cell cycle related gene that regulates mitotic progression

( Yan Mi ),( Chun Dong Zhang ),( You Quan Bu ),( Ying Zhang ),( Long Xia He ),( Hong Xia Li ),( Hui Fang Zhu ),( Yi Li ),( Yun Long Lei ),( Jiang Zhu ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2015 BMB Reports Vol.48 No.7

DEPDC1 is a recently identified novel tumor-related gene that is upregulated in several types of cancer and contributes to tumorigenesis. In this study, we have investigated the expression pattern and functional implications of DEPDC1 during cell cycle progression. Expression studies using synchronized cells demonstrated that DEPDC1 is highly expressed in the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. Immunofluorescence assays showed that DEPDC1 is predominantly localized in the nucleus during interphase and is redistributed into the whole cell upon nuclear membrane breakdown in metaphase. Subsequently, siRNA-mediated knockdown of DEPDC1 caused a significant mitotic arrest. Moreover, knockdown of DEPDC1 resulted in remarkable mitotic defects such as abnormal multiple nuclei and multipolar spindle structures accompanied by the upregulation of the A20 gene as well as several cell cycle-related genes such as CCNB1 and CCNB2. Taken together, our current observations strongly suggest that this novel cancerous gene, DEPDC1, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of proper mitotic progression. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(7): 413-418]

Halomonas alkalitolerans sp. nov., a Novel Moderately Halophilic Bacterium Isolated from Soda Meadow Saline Soil in Daqing, China

Shuang Wang,Qian Yang,Zhi-Hua Liu,Lei Sun,Dan Wei,Jun-Zheng Zhang,Jin-Zhu Song,Yun Wang,Jia Song,Jin-Xia Fan,Xian-Xin Meng,Wei Zhang 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.1

A moderately halophilic bacterial strain 15-13^T, which was isolated from soda meadow saline soil in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, China, was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The cells of strain 15-13^T were found to be Gram-negative, rod-shaped, and motile. The required growth conditions for strain 15-13^T were: 1-23% NaCl (optimum, 7%), 10-50°C (optimum, 35°C), and pH 7.0-11.0 (optimum, pH 9.5). The predominant cellular fatty acids were C18:1 ω7c (60.48%) and C16:0 (13.96%). The DNA G+C content was 67.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that strain 15-13^T clustered within a branch comprising species of the genus Halomonas. The closest phylogenetic neighbor of strain 15-13^T was Halomonas pantelleriensis DSM 9661^T (98.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The level of DNA-DNA relatedness between the novel isolated strain and H. pantelleriensis DSM 9661^T was 33.8%. On the basis of the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain 15-13^T represents a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas alkalitolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain for this novel species is 15-13^T (=CGMCC 1.9129^T =NBRC 106539^T).