대장에 발생한 샘암종에서 MUC1과 MUC2 점소 발현의 의의

이윤경,이주호,이용,심재영,박정훈,오수섭,박진실,기근홍 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2004 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.29 No.2

Background : Mucins possess the unique function of protecting and lubricating the epithelial surface and other important functions such as call growth, direct implication in the fetal development, the epithelial renewal and differentiation, the epithelial integrity, carcinogenesis, immune regulation, cellular adhesion and metastasis. Purpose : This study was done to provide the significance of alteration of MUC1 and MUC2 expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma, A series of 131 colorectal adenocarcinomas including 11 mucinous carcinomas were screened immunohistochemically for their expression of MUCI and MUC2, Materials and mehtods : Of 131 carcinomas, 76 (58,5%) were MUCI positive and 91 (68, 9%) were MUC2 positive, In normal colonic goblet cells, MUCl was not expressed but MUC2 was expressed in cytoplasm, Conclusion There were up-regulation of MUCI and down-regulation of MUC2 in colorectal carcinomas, The frequency of MUC2 positivity according to differentiation was statistically reliable. (p=0.0001)

Alkaloids from the bulbs of Lycoris longituba and their neuroprotective and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities

Yun-Yun Zhu,Xue Li,Heng-Yi Yu,Yu-Fang Xiong,Peng Zhang,Hui-Fang Pi,Han-Li Ruan 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.5

Three novel alkaloids (1–3), together withnineteen known ones (4–22), were isolated from the bulbsof Lycoris longituba. Their structures were elucidated onthe basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, which belongto several Amaryllidaceae alkaloid skeletons. Amongthem, the harmane-type alkaloids (the new compound 1and the known compounds 5, 6 and 7) were found for thefirst time from Lycoris genus. The isolates were tested fortheir neuroprotective activities against CoCl2, H2O2 andAb25–35-induced SH-SY5Y cell injuries, and the majorityof them exhibited neuroprotective activities of differentdegrees. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitoryactivities of the isolated alkaloids were also evaluated,while compounds 12, 14–20 and 22 exhibited extremelysignificant AChE inhibitory activities.

CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE8 Differentially Regulates Plant Immunity to Fungal Pathogens through Kinase-Dependent and -Independent Functions in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Zhu, Yingfang,Schluttenhoffer, Craig M.,Wang, Pengcheng,Fu, Fuyou,Thimmapuram, Jyothi,Zhu, Jian-Kang,Lee, Sang Yeol,Yun, Dae-Jin,Mengiste, Tesfaye American Society of Plant Biologists 2014 The Plant cell Vol.26 No.10

<P>This work explores the intriguing roles of Mediator subunit CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE8 (CDK8) in plant immune responses to fungal infection. CDK8 regulates jasmonate-responsive gene expression and cuticle development via interactions with MEDIATOR COMPLEX SUBUNIT25 and transcription factor WIN1, respectively, while other interactions suggest evolutionary conservation of the Mediator kinase module.</P><P>CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE8 (CDK8) is a widely studied component of eukaryotic Mediator complexes. However, the biological and molecular functions of plant CDK8 are not well understood. Here, we provide evidence for regulatory functions of <I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I> CDK8 in defense and demonstrate its functional and molecular interactions with other Mediator and non-Mediator subunits. The <I>cdk8</I> mutant exhibits enhanced resistance to <I>Botrytis cinerea</I> but susceptibility to <I>Alternaria brassicicola</I>. The contributions of CDK8 to the transcriptional activation of defensin gene <I>PDF1.2</I> and its interaction with MEDIATOR COMPLEX SUBUNIT25 (MED25) implicate CDK8 in jasmonate-mediated defense. Moreover, CDK8 associates with the promoter of <I>AGMATINE COUMAROYLTRANSFERASE</I> to promote its transcription and regulate the biosynthesis of the defense-active secondary metabolites hydroxycinnamic acid amides. CDK8 also interacts with the transcription factor WAX INDUCER1, implying its additional role in cuticle development. In addition, overlapping functions of CDK8 with MED12 and MED13 and interactions between CDK8 and C-type cyclins suggest the conserved configuration of the plant Mediator kinase module. In summary, while CDK8’s positive transcriptional regulation of target genes and its phosphorylation activities underpin its defense functions, the impaired defense responses in the mutant are masked by its altered cuticle, resulting in specific resistance to <I>B. cinerea</I>.</P>

Causes, Features, and Outcomes of Drug-Induced Liver Injury in 69 Children from China

( Yun Zhu ),( Yong Gang Li ),( Jia Bo Wang ),( Shu Hong Liu ),( Li Fu Wang ),( Yan Ling Zhao ),( Yun Feng Bai ),( Zhong Xia Wang ),( Jian Yu Li ),( Xiao He Xiao ) 대한소화기학회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.4

Background/Aims: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a frequent cause of pediatric liver disease; however, the data on DILI are remarkably limited. Methods: All 69 children hospitalized with DILI between January 2009 and December 2011 were retrospectively studied. Results: A total of 37.7% of the children had medical histories of respiratory infection. The clinical injury patterns were as follows: hepatocellular 89.9%, cholestatic 2.9%, and mixed 7.2%. Liver biopsies from 55 children most frequently demonstrated chronic (47.3%) and acute (27.3%) hepatitis. Hypersensitivity features, namely, fever (31.9%), rash (21.7%), and eosinophilia (1.4%), were found. Twenty-four children (34.8%) developed chronic DILI. Antibiotics (26.1%) were the most common Western medicines (WMs) causing DILI, and the major implicated herbs were Ephedra sinica and Polygonum multiflorum. Compared with WM, the children whose injuries were caused by Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) showed a higher level of total bilirubin (1.4 mg/dL vs 16.6 mg/dL, p=0.004) and a longer prothrombin time (11.8 seconds vs 17.3 seconds, p=0.012), but they exhibited less chronic DILI (2/15 vs 18/39, p=0.031). Conclusions: Most cases of DILI in children are caused by antibiotics or CHM used to treat respiratory infection and present with hepatocellular injury. Compared with WM, CHM is more likely to cause severe liver injury, but liver injury caused by CHM is curable. (Gut Liver 2015;9:525-533)

APPLICATION OF BIONIC ALGORITHM BASED ON CS-SVR AND BA-SVR IN SHORT-TERM TRAFFIC STATE PREDICTION MODELING OF URBAN ROAD

Yun Zhu,Chengwenyuan Huang,Yang Wang,Jianyu Wang 한국자동차공학회 2022 International journal of automotive technology Vol.23 No.4

Accurate short-term traffic state prediction is a crucial requisite for control and guidance of traffic flow in the intelligent traffic system, which has attracted increasing attention in the transportation field recently. This paper tests the optimization performances of two emerging bionic algorithms, known as Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CS) and Bat Algorithm (BA). Combined with the Support Vector Regression (SVR) principle, the two aforementioned algorithms are applied to optimize the kernel function parameters in SVR. At last, the speed data of a road network in Guangzhou are collected. The prediction performances of the CS-SVR and BA-SVR models are tested after preprocessing the data. From the overall prediction rates, the CS-SVR algorithm is slightly better than BA-SVR in terms of calculating speed. Furthermore, the two algorithms are significantly superior to the traditional SVR model and long short-term memory networks (LSTM), thereby verifying their effectiveness and practicability in short-term traffic state prediction.

The Evolution of Military Doctrine of the Chinese PLA from 1985 to 1995

( Yun Zhu Yao ) 한국국방연구원 1995 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.7 No.2

The last decade witnessed the most drastic change in the military doctrine of the Chinese People`s Liberation Army (PLA). These fundamental changes were initiated by Deng Xiaoping at the enlarged Conference of the Party Central Military Commission in mid-1985. Ensuing defense debates focused on the reassessment of China`s security environment, the definition of China`s future international role, the analysis of real and potential security threats, the development of a new war vision, and the calculation of ways and means to conduct future wars. Although China described its external environment as "the best since 1949," it still perceives serious security challenges. Therefore the PLA, far from being threat-free, has to adapt its military doctrine along with changes in its situation assessment and threat perception. The disintegration of the Soviet Union, the astounding results of the Gulf War and the priority shift in China`s resources allocation, combine to provide further incentives for the reorientation of PLA doctrine. By late 1991 or early 1992, a new war vision, dubbed by the PLA as "limited war under high-tech conditions" took clear shape. This type of war is one that the PLA might have to fight in a restricted area in China or along its periphery, with potential adversaries who have or are gaining high-tech capabilities, over interests China considers vital, for objectives China thinks achievable. While the limited war theory is being gradually conceptualized, traditional PLA military thinking as embodied in the People`s War Doctrine and the Active Defense Military Strategy come under increased questioning. The inherent total war nature of the People`s War does not fit readily into a limited war scenario. Some of the principles specified in the Active Defense Strategy have to be revised to adapt to modern conditions. However, most PLA theorists argue that the basic tenets of the PLA`s orthodox doctrine apply to high-tech war as well. It seems to be too early to conclude that the PLA has abandoned its traditional military doctrine altogether.

An Enhancer Mutant of Arabidopsis salt overly sensitive 3 Mediates both Ion Homeostasis and the Oxidative Stress Response

Zhu, Jianhua,Fu, Xinmiao,Koo, Yoon Duck,Zhu, Jian-Kang,Jenney Jr., Francis E.,Adams, Michael W. W.,Zhu, Yanmei,Shi, Huazhong,Yun, Dae-Jin,Hasegawa, Paul M.,Bressan, Ray A. American Society for Microbiology 2007 Molecular and cellular biology Vol.27 No.14

<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>The myristoylated calcium sensor SOS3 and its interacting protein kinase, SOS2, play critical regulatory roles in salt tolerance. Mutations in either of these proteins render <I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I> plants hypersensitive to salt stress. We report here the isolation and characterization of a mutant called <I>enh1-1</I> that enhances the salt sensitivity of <I>sos3-1</I> and also causes increased salt sensitivity by itself. <I>ENH1</I> encodes a chloroplast-localized protein with a PDZ domain at the N-terminal region and a rubredoxin domain in the C-terminal part. Rubredoxins are known to be involved in the reduction of superoxide in some anaerobic bacteria. The <I>enh1-1</I> mutation causes enhanced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly under salt stress. ROS also accumulate to higher levels in <I>sos2-1</I> but not in <I>sos3-1</I> mutants. The <I>enh1-1</I> mutation does not enhance <I>sos2-1</I> phenotypes. Also, <I>enh1-1</I> and <I>sos2-1</I> mutants, but not <I>sos3-1</I> mutants, show increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. These results indicate that ENH1 functions in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species resulting from salt stress by participating in a new salt tolerance pathway that may involve SOS2 but not SOS3.</P>

The Research and Application of Protective Coating for PCCP

( Zhu Lin ),( Cui Zhu Xu ),( Li Zhang ),( Yun Peng Fan ),( Qi Bin Zhang ) 한국부식방식학회(구 한국부식학회) 2008 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.7 No.5

Involvement of Arabidopsis HOS15 in histone deacetylation and cold tolerance.

Zhu, Jianhua,Jeong, Jae Cheol,Zhu, Yanmei,Sokolchik, Irina,Miyazaki, Saori,Zhu, Jian-Kang,Hasegawa, Paul M,Bohnert, Hans J,Shi, Huazhong,Yun, Dae-Jin,Bressan, Ray A National Academy of Sciences 2008 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.105 No.12

<P>Histone modification in chromatin is one of the key control points in gene regulation in eukaryotic cells. Protein complexes composed of histone acetyltransferase or deacetylase, WD40 repeat protein, and many other components have been implicated in this process. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of HOS15, a WD40-repeat protein crucial for repression of genes associated with abiotic stress tolerance through histone deacetylation in Arabidopsis. HOS15 shares high sequence similarity with human transducin-beta like protein (TBL), a component of a repressor protein complex involved in histone deacetylation. Mutation of the HOS15 gene renders mutant plants hypersensitive to freezing temperatures. HOS15 is localized in the nucleus and specifically interacts with histone H4. The level of acetylated histone H4 is higher in the hos15 mutant than in WT plants. Moreover, the stress inducible RD29A promoter is hyperinduced and associated with a substantially higher level of acetylated histone H4 in the hos15 mutant under cold stress conditions. Our results suggest a critical role for gene activation/repression by histone acetylation/deacetylation in plant acclimation and tolerance to cold stress.</P>

PCCS 색채계를 기반으로 한 일러스트레이션 작품 색채 연구 : 2010-2021년 볼로냐 국제일러스트레이션상 수상작을 중심으로

주운명(Zhu, Yun Ming),신인식(Shin, In Sik) 한국디자인리서치학회 2021 한국디자인리서치 Vol.6 No.4

색채는 일러스트레이션 작품의 중요한 구성 요소 중 하나로, 사람의 시각적 느낌에 직접적인 영향을 준다. 일러스트레이션의 각기 다른 색채 사용과 결합은 일러스트레이션의 표현 형식을 풍부하게 하고 시각 효과와 흥미성을 높인다. 본 연구는 2010-2021년 볼로냐 국제일러스트레이션상 수상작을 연구 대상으로 하여 수상작의 색채를 상세히 분석한다. PCCS 색채계를 기반으로 한 색상과 톤 2가지 관점에서 색채 사용 수치를 분석하고 각 작품의 색채 표현 효과와 사용 특징을 연구함으로써 2010-2021년 볼로냐 국제일러스트레이션상 수상작의 색채 사용 트렌드와 특징을 정리한다. 연구결과를 따르면 수상작 중 가장 많이 사용되는 색은 단아한 색이며, 또 중명도와 중·저채도 색채를 빈번하게 사용하는 특징이 수상작에서 이어진다. 본 연구 결과는 2010-2021년 볼로냐 국제일러스트레이션상 수상작의 색채 특징에 대한 이론 정리로, 현대 일러스트레이션 색채 발전 트렌드와 특징 연구를 위한 사례 분석과 이론적 참고를 제시한다. Color is one of the important components of an illustration work and directly affects a person s visual feeling. The use and combination of different colors in illustration enrich the expression form of the illustration and increase visual effect and interest. This study analyzes in detail the colors of the winners of the 2010-2021 Bologna International Illustration Award. By analyzing color usage figures from two perspectives based on PCCS color systems and studying color expression effects and usage characteristics of each work, the trend and characteristics of the 2010-2021 Bologna International Illustration Award winner are summarized. According to the results of the study, the most commonly used color among the award-winning works is elegant, and the characteristic of frequent use of mid- to mid-color colors continues from the award-winning works. The results of this study are theoretical theorem on the color characteristics of the 2010-2021 Bologna International Illustration Award winners, and present case analysis and theoretical reference for modern illustration color development trends and characteristics research.