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DEPDC1 is a novel cell cycle related gene that regulates mitotic progression
( Yan Mi ),( Chun Dong Zhang ),( You Quan Bu ),( Ying Zhang ),( Long Xia He ),( Hong Xia Li ),( Hui Fang Zhu ),( Yi Li ),( Yun Long Lei ),( Jiang Zhu ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2015 BMB Reports Vol.48 No.7
DEPDC1 is a recently identified novel tumor-related gene that is upregulated in several types of cancer and contributes to tumorigenesis. In this study, we have investigated the expression pattern and functional implications of DEPDC1 during cell cycle progression. Expression studies using synchronized cells demonstrated that DEPDC1 is highly expressed in the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. Immunofluorescence assays showed that DEPDC1 is predominantly localized in the nucleus during interphase and is redistributed into the whole cell upon nuclear membrane breakdown in metaphase. Subsequently, siRNA-mediated knockdown of DEPDC1 caused a significant mitotic arrest. Moreover, knockdown of DEPDC1 resulted in remarkable mitotic defects such as abnormal multiple nuclei and multipolar spindle structures accompanied by the upregulation of the A20 gene as well as several cell cycle-related genes such as CCNB1 and CCNB2. Taken together, our current observations strongly suggest that this novel cancerous gene, DEPDC1, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of proper mitotic progression. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(7): 413-418]
FBXL14 abolishes breast cancer progression by targeting CDCP1 for proteasomal degradation
Cui, Yan-Hong,Kim, Hyeonmi,Lee, Minyoung,Yi, Joo Mi,Kim, Rae-Kwon,Uddin, Nizam,Yoo, Ki-Chun,Kang, Jae Hyeok,Choi, Mi-Young,Cha, Hyuk-Jin,Kwon, Ok-Seon,Bae, In-Hwa,Kim, Min-Jung,Kaushik, Neha,Lee, Su-J Nature Publishing Group 2018 Oncogene Vol. No.
POYARKOV, JR., NIKOLAY A.,CHE, JING,MIN, MI-SOOK,KURO-O, MASAKI,YAN, FANG,LI, CHENG,IIZUKA, KOJI,VIEITES, DAVID R. Magnolia Press 2012 Zootaxa Vol.3465 No.1
<P>We describe four new species of Asian Clawed salamanders of the genus Onychodactylus (Caudata: Hynobiidae), basedon fresh material collected during fieldwork in Japan, Korea, the Russian Far East and northeastern China between 2003and 2010, as well as older voucher specimens deposited in several museums. Our analyses comprise all species currentlyrecognized within this genus across its entire distribution range. We follow an integrative taxonomic approach bycombining detailed morphological comparative analyses with molecular phylogenetic analyses. We find significantdifferences among species in this genus, based on morphological and molecular data, which resulted in the recognitionand description of four new species within this genus. The new species have uncorrected molecular divergences of over4.5-7.4% and 1.9-4.1% to their closest relatives in the mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA genes respectively. In themolecular analyses, we found two very divergent lineages in Korea and Japan that need further investigation, as detailedmorphological data are not available for them. We also discuss our approach to delimit species on salamanders. For thenew species described in this group we evaluate their threat status according to IUCN criteria: O. koreanus sp. nov. Min,Poyarkov & Vieites and O. nipponoborealis sp. nov. Kuro-o, Poyarkov & Vieites are classified as Least Concern, whileO. zhaoermii sp. nov. Che, Poyarkov & Yan and O. zhangyapingi sp. nov. Che, Poyarkov, Li & Yan are classified as Vulnerable (Vu2a).</P>
Fermentation Characteristics for Extruded Hair of Tissue Cultured Mountain Ginseng
Yan-Qing Ji,Hye-Jin Yang,Jin Tie,Mi-Hwan Kim,Jae-Ghan Yang,Ki-Wha Chung,Gi-Hyung Ryu 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.14 No.2
Effects of extrusion conditions (barrel temperature and moisture content) and fermentation time on the antioxidant properties of root hair of tissue cultured raw mountain ginseng (MG) were investigated. The barrel temperature/moisture combinations were: 110oC/25% (MG1), 140oC/25% (MG2), 110oC/35% (MG3) and 140oC/35% (MG4). Red ginseng (RG) was also investigated. The contents of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and polyphenolic increased after fermentation in RG and even more in MG, while extruded ginseng samples exhibited little change. The increases noted with MG and RG occurred during the first 4 days of fermentation. DPPH radical scavenging activity decreased after extrusion and was significantly higher in MG (20.93%) than RG (1.63%) on the first day of fermentation. DPPH radical scavenging activity in the barrel temperature/moisture combinations were 19.01% (MG1), 14.45% (MG2), 20.37% (MG3) and 15.78% (MG4). The content of polyphenolic compounds in ginseng samples displayed a similar trend. Acidic polysaccharide in RG and MG1~MG4 were higher than MG, but decreased during fermentation. Crude saponin in RG and MG1~MG4 decreased after 15 days of fermentation, while increasing in MG.
Interpretation and Application of the “Necessity” Test under the GATT/WTO Agreement
Yan-Nan Sun,Jung-Mi Yang,Yang-Kee Lee 한국무역통상학회 2015 무역통상학회지 Vol.15 No.4
본 연구는 “필요성” 심사의 적용에 있어 WTO 상소기구가 채용한 두 가지의 접근방법을 가장 무역제한적인 접근법과 비교형량접근법을 포함하여 검토하고 있다. “필요성” 심사의 요건에 대한 문제점은 첫째, GATT 패널이 “필요성”이라는 용어의 해석을 좁게 해석함으로써, 채택된 조치가 GATT 20조하에서 정당화되지 못하였다. 둘째, WTO 상소기구는 보호의 수준을 선택하는 자유가 비교형량접근법과 일치하지 않았기 때문에, 비교형량접근법의 적용에 실패하였다. 셋째, WTO 상소기구가 회원국의 정당한 자율권에 적절히 개입하는 것이 어렵기 때문에, “필요성” 심사의 적용은 국내규제자율권에 부정적인 효과를 일으킬 가능성이 있다는 것이다. 하지만, WTO 패널과 상소기구는 필요성 요건에 관한 법적 추론에 대해 “관련 요소에 관한 형량 과정”의 접근 방식으로 무역제한 조치의 “필요성”을 판단하였다. 이는 예외와 관련된 필요성 심사로 충돌 가능한 요소들 간의 형량을 통한 사법기관의 재량이 합리적으로 조정되기 때문에, 필요성 요건을 통과하는 것은 쉬워지고 회원국의 정당한 “자율권”은 확보되고 있다. 그러나 “필요성”의 해석과 관련된 상소기구의 시도나 접근 방식은 모두 일정한 한계를 지니고 있는 바, 향후 회원국의 정당한 규제권한을 존중하면서 판정의 일관성을 유지하는 것이 중요한 과제가 될 것이다. This paper examines the two approaches employed by the WTO adjudicating bodies in the application of the “necessity” test, including the least trade restrictive approach and the weighing and balancing approach. It discusses the problems resulting from the application of “necessity”. Firstly, the GATT Panel interpreted the term “necessary” narrowly, thereby, no challenged measures were justified under the GATT Art. XX. Secondly, the WTO adjudicating bodies failed to apply a weighing and balancing approach test because the freedom to choose their own level of protection was inconsistent with the weighing and balancing test. Thirdly, due to the difficulty on considering the proper interference into the national regulatory autonomy from the WTO adjudicating body, the application of the “necessity” test would likely cause a negative impact on domestic regulatory autonomy. This paper gives some suggestions to the WTO adjudicating bodies for a clear and definite interpretation on the “necessity” test. Considering the criticisms resulting from the application of the “necessity” test, it is very important to clarify the uncertainty of the “necessity” test and provide predictability for future cases.