Role of folP1 and folP2 Genes in the Action of Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim Against Mycobacteria

( Tian Zhou Liu ),( Bang Xing Wang ),( Jin Tao Guo ),( Yang Zhou ),( Mugweru Julius ),( Moses Njire ),( Yuan Yuan Cao ),( Tian Wu ),( Zhi Yong Liu ),( Chang Wei Wang ),( Yong Xu ),( Tian Yu Zhang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.9

The combination of trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) has been shown to be active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in clinical tuberculosis (TB) treatment. However, the mechanism of action of TMP-SMX against Mtb is still unknown. To unravel this, we have studied the effect of TMP and SMX by deleting the folP2 gene in Mycobacterium smegmatis (Msm), and overexpressing the Mtb and Msm folP1/2 genes in Msm. Knocking out of the folP2 gene in Msm reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration of SMX 8-fold compared with wild type. Overexpression of the folP1 genes from Mtb and Msm increased the MICs by 4- and 2-fold in Msm for SMX and TMP, respectively. We show a strong correlation between the expression of folP1 and folP2 genes and TMP-SMX resistance in mycobacteria. This suggests that a combination of FolP2 inhibitor and SMX could be used for TB treatment with a better outcome.

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO2/graphene by tailoring oxidation degrees of graphene oxide for gaseous mercury removal

Yu Guan,Tao Hu,Jiang Wu,Lili Zhao,Fengguo Tian,Wei-Guo Pan,Ping He,Xuemei Qi,Fangqin Li,Kai Xu 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.1

We used a simple method of graphene oxide (GO) preparation with different oxidation levels, and control the properties of the TiO2 nanocrystals by tuning the content and oxidation degree of GO to enhance the photocatalytic performance. During the hydrothermal reaction, reduction of GO, formation of TiO2 and chemical bonds between TiO2 and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was achieved simultaneously. Characterization results showed that TiO2 properties such as crystalline grain and particle size could be tailored by the amount of functional groups, and that crystallinity was also controlled by GO degrees of oxidation. TiO2/RGO photocatalysts showed great efficiency of mercury oxidation, which reached 83.7% and 43.6% under UV and LED light irradiation, respectively. The effects of crystalline grain size and surface chemical properties on Hg0 removal under LED and UV light irradiation were analyzed. In addition, the properties of the photocatalysts before and after UV illumination were investigated, finding that part of Ti-OH on TiO2 surface transformed to Ti-O-Ti. In a nutshell, this work could provide a new insight into enhancing activity of photocatalysts and understanding the photocatalytic mechanism.

Promoter methylation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling antagonist <i>Dkk‐3</i> is associated with poor survival in gastric cancer

Yu, Jun,Tao, Qian,Cheng, Yuen Y.,Lee, Kwan Y.,Ng, Simon S. M.,Cheung, Kin F.,Tian, Linwei,Rha, Sun Y.,Neumann, Ulf,Rö,cken, Christoph,Ebert, Matthias P. A.,Chan, Francis K. L.,Sung, Joseph J. Y. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Cancer Vol.115 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>BACKGROUND:</B></P><P>Abnormal activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway is common and critical in the pathogenesis of digestive cancers. In this study, the authors investigated the promoter methylation of the dickkopf homolog 3 gene <I>Dkk‐3</I> in these cancers and its prognostic significance in gastric cancer.</P><P><B>METHODS:</B></P><P><I>Dkk‐3</I> methylation was assessed in 173 patients with gastric cancers (including 104 patients who were followed for up to 4090 days) and in 128 patients with colorectal cancer. Cell growth was evaluated by using a colony‐formation assay. For survival analyses, the authors used Kaplan‐Meier plots, the log‐rank test, and Cox proportional regression.</P><P><B>RESULTS:</B></P><P><I>Dkk‐3</I> was silenced or down‐regulated in 12 of 17 gastric cancer cell lines (70.6%) and in 3 of 9 colon cancer cell lines (33.3%). The loss of gene expression was associated with promoter methylation, which could be restored by demethylating agents. Ectopic expression of <I>Dkk‐3</I> suppressed colony formation. Moreover, methylation of <I>Dkk‐3</I> was detected in 117 of 173 primary gastric tumors (67.6%) and in 67 of 128 colorectal tumors (52.3%). The clinical significance and the prognostic value of <I>Dkk‐3</I> methylation also were examined in 104 gastric cancers and in 84 colorectal cancers. Multivariate analysis indicated that <I>Dkk‐3</I> methylation was associated significantly and independently with poor disease survival (relative risk, 2.534; 95% confidence interval, 1.54–4.17; <I>P</I> = .002) in gastric cancer, but not in colorectal cancer. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves revealed that patients who had <I>Dkk‐3</I> methylated gastric cancers had a significantly shorter survival (median, 0.76 years) compared with patients who did not have <I>Dkk‐3</I> methylation (median, 2.68 years; <I>P</I> < .0001; log‐rank test).</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS:</B></P><P>Epigenetic silencing of the <I>Dkk‐3</I> gene by promoter methylation was a common event in gastric cancer and was associated with a poor outcome in such patients. Cancer 2009. © 2008 American Cancer Society.</P>

A Review of 137 Cases Vertiginous Aviators in China

Tao Yu,Zhen-ming Tian 한국항공우주의학협회 1999 항공우주의학회지 Vol.9 No.3

RON and MET Co-overexpression Are Significant Pathological Characteristics of Poor Survival and Therapeutic Targets of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Tian-Hao Weng,Min-Ya Yao,Xiang-Ming Xu,Chen-Yu Hu,Shu-Hao Yao,Yi-Zhi Liu,Zhi-Gang Wu,Tao-Ming Tang,Pei-Fen Fu,Ming-Hai Wang,Hang-Ping Yao 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.3

Purpose Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly malignant and has poor prognosis and a high mortality rate. The lack of effective therapy has spurred our investigation of new targets for treating this malignant cancer. Here, we identified RON (macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor) and MET (MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic targets for potential TNBC treatment. Materials and Methods We analyzed RON and MET expression in 187 primary TNBC clinical samples with immunohistochemistry. We validated the targeted therapeutic effects of RON and MET in TNBC using three tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs): BMS-777607, INCB28060, and tivantinib. The preclinical therapeutic efficacy of the TKIs was mainly estimated using a TNBC xenograft model. Results Patients with TNBC had widespread, abnormal expression of RON and MET. There was RON overexpression, MET overexpression, and RON and MET co-overexpression in 63 (33.7%), 63 (33.7%), and 43 cases (23.0%), respectively, which had poor prognosis and short survival. In vivo, the TKI targeting RON ant MET inhibited the activation of the downstream signaling molecules, inhibited TNBC cell migration and proliferation, and increased TNBC cell apoptosis; in the xenograft model, they significantly inhibited tumor growth and shrank tumor volumes. The TKI targeting RON and Met, such as BMS-777607 and tivantinib, yielded stronger anti-tumor effects than INCB28060. Conclusion RON and MET co-overexpression can be significant pathological characteristics in TNBC for poor prognosis. TKIs targeting RON and MET have stronger drug development potential for treating TNBC.

Fabrication of copper ions-substituted hydroxyapatite/polydopamine nanocomposites with high antibacterial and angiogenesis effects for promoting infected wound healing

Bailong Tao,Chuanchuan Lin,Ai Guo,Yonglin Yu,Xian Qin,Kai Li,Hongchuan Tian,Weiwei Yi,Dengliang Lei,Lixue Chen 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.104 No.-

Infected wound healing remains a critical threat, which frequently delays the healing process and evenleads to severe life-threatening complications. Herein, we reported an effective anti-infection approach,which was based on copper ions-releasing hydroxyapatite/polydopamine (HA-Cu/PDA) nanocompositeswith photothermal effect. The HA-Cu/PDA nanocomposites was fabricated through a co-precipitationreaction between polydopamine (PDA)-coated hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HA)-loaded Cu2+ (HA-Cu). Through a synergistic effect of released Cu2+ and photothermal efficiency of PDA coating, and the HACu/PDA nanocomposites exhibited extraordinary antibacterial capacities against Escherichia coli (E. coli)and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The nanocomposites presented good biocompatibility for mouseembryonic fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cells and promoted NIH3T3 cells to migrate toward wound sites. Additionally, this nanocomposite could stimulate the tissue remodeling-related gene expression toinduce the blood vessels formation, granulation tissues and collagen deposition, and eventually enhancewound healing. In vivo study further verified that HA-Cu/PDA nanocomposites with NIR irradiation couldsignificantly improve bacterial infected wound healing through the prominent antibacterial property,reduced inflammatory response, the formation of granulation tissue, collagen deposition, and angiogenesisability. Thus, this study develops a versatile strategy for a broad range of wound healing and skinreconstruction caused by bacterial infection.

NATURE AND CATALYTIC PERFORMANCE OF PtSAPO-5 MOLECULAR SIEVE CATALYST SYNTHESIZED BY ONE STEP

Xiao, Tian cun,Wang, Hai tao,Lu, Yu li,An, Li dun,Wang, Hong li 한국화학공학회 1998 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.15 No.5

Pt catalysts supported on silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves were synthesized by adding platinum salts directly to the gel mixture of SAPO. The synthesized products were marked as PtSAPO-5, in order to distinguish with the SAPO-5 supported platinum catalyst prepared by impregnation, which was marked as Pt/SAPO-5. The as-synthesized and calcined PtSAPO-5 samples were characterized by XRD, ^(29)Si MAS NMR, ^(129)Xe NMR and NH₃-TPD, and their catalytic activities were evaluated by the, hydroisomerization of n-hexane. The results revealed that in PtSAPO-5, the platinum could catalyze the removal of the templates entrapped in the as-synthesized samples. The presence of Pt in the gel mixture can increase silicon content in the framework of SAPO-5, and the acid sites. In the activated PtSAPO-5 catalyst, Pt was highly dispersed in the channel of SAPO-5 molecular sieve. Pt exists in the form of big particles outside of the channel of Pt/SAPO-5 prepared by impregnating method, and impregnation with H₂PtCl_6 improved the strength of acid sites. PtSAPO-5 has a higher activity and selectivity than Pk/SAPO-5 in the hydroisomerization of n-hexane. This is because the former has medium acid sites and high dispersion of Pt, while the channel of Pt/SAPO-5 is somewhat retarded by the big platinum particles, and the acid sites are stronger than the former.

ADAPTIVE SLIDING MODE CONTROL OF LATERAL STABILITY OF FOUR WHEEL HUB ELECTRIC VEHICLES

Shou-Tao Li,Hui Liu,Di Zhao,Qiu-Yuan Li,Yantao Tian,De-Jun Wang,Ding-Li Yu 한국자동차공학회 2020 International journal of automotive technology Vol.21 No.3

Some physical parameters of a hub motor-driven four-wheel electric vehicle will change when the vehicle turns or maneuvers and the parameter change is caused by the change of the driving conditions. An adaptive sliding mode control is proposed in this paper to maintain the vehicle’s stability by compensating for the change of these parameters. The control parameter being adapted is the converging rate of the system state towards the sliding mode. As the Lyapunov method is used, so both the vehicle stability and adaptive rate convergence are guaranteed. Moreover, the hierarchical control structure is adopted for this vehicle stability control system. The above adaptive sliding model control forms the upper-layer; while the lower-layer control is to distribute the upper torque to the four wheels in an optimal way, subject to several constraints. In addition, the best feasible reference of the yaw rate and the vehicle side slip angle are obtained and used in the control system. The developed method is simulated under the CarSim/MATLAB co-simulation environment to evaluate the system performance. The simulation results are compared with the non-adaptive existing sliding mode control, and show that the proposed method is superior under different conditions.

Efficient Mucosal Immunization by Mucoadhesive and pH-Sensitive Polymeric Vaccine Delivery System

Lei Xing,Tian-Jiao Zhou,Ya-Tong Fan,Yu-jing He,Tao Pang,조기현,Jinjian Lu,Hu-Lin Jiang,조종수 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.3

Mucosal surfaces as the largest immune organ of human body cover 400 m2 of the body including the gastrointestinal, urogenital, and respiratory tracts. The local mucosal immunity is an important first line of defense against many pathogens because most pathogens initiate their infection through access to the mucosal region of body. Also, the mucosal vaccines induce mucosal and systemic immunity simultaneously. Therefore, attracted by the advantages of mucosal immunity, researchers keep an eye on the mucoadhesive and pH-sensitive polymeric vaccine delivery system to solve several limitations of mucosal administration, making mucosal immunity receive great interests lately. In this review, we discuss natural polymer- and synthetic polymer-based mucoadhesive and pHsensitive systems used for mucosal vaccine delivery. Also, we cover how to target antigen presenting cells and M cells for the cell specificity. Finally, we conclude the significant progress in mucosal vaccine and the prospect mucosal vaccine research in the future.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity by the Combined Influence of Ferroelectric Domain and Au Nanoparticles for BaTiO3 Fibers

Xiaoshan Zhang,Yu Huan,Yuanna Zhu,Hui Tian,Kai Li,Yanan Hao,Tao Wei 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.12

Ferroelectric particles have been applied in the photocatalytic field because the spontaneous polarization results in the internal electric field, which can accelerate the separation and migration of photogenerated carriers. In this study, the BaTiO3 (BT) fibers are synthesized by electrospinning. The BT fibers calcined above 800 ℃ exhibit a strong ferroelectric property, which is verified by a typical butterfly-shaped displacement-voltage loop. It is found that the BT fibers with the single-domain structure exhibit better photocatalytic performance than that with the multi-domain configuration. When the single-domain transforms into multi-domain, the integrated internal electric field correspondingly breaks up, inducing that the internal electric field might cancel each other out and diminish the separation of photogenerated carriers. Also, the Au nanoparticles can improve the photocatalytic activity further on account of the surface plasmon resonance. Therefore, it is suggested that Au nanoparticles decorated on ferroelectric BT nanomaterials are promising photocatalysts.