스터드와 볼트를 사용한 합성구조물의 전단연결재의 거동

강재순,김용희,이명동 경남대학교 신소재연구소 1999 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

강-콘크리트 합성구조물에서 전달연결재는 강재와 콘크리트의 합성을 담당하고, 양쪽 부재가 일체로써 외력에 저항하도록 그 접촉면에 엇갈림 방지를 위해 사용된다. 본 실험에서는 스터드와 볼트를 전달연결재로 사용한 공시체를 제작하여 정적재하실험(push-out test)을 행하였다. 본 연구에서는 정적재하실험과 수치해석을 수행하여 스터드와 볼트 전달연결재의 역학적 거동을 분석하고, 국내외 설계기준과 비교 ? 검토를 통해 전달연결재에 대한 기초적인 자료를 제공하고자 한다. Shear connector in composite structures which is used to connect steel and concrete. resists a n external force and prevents on the contact plane. Shear connector, made of stud and bolt, was used for this study. This study used push-out test and numerical analysis to analyze statical behavior of the shear connector. These sults were compared to the design standards of various nations to provide preliminary data for the study of shear connector.

Large Volume Sample Stacking 방법과 Head Column Stacking 을 이용한 프로틴과 펩타이드의 시료 농축

강대천,도길명,김용성,정두수 경남대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.-

현재 세포 성분 내에서의 단백질들의 기능규명, 새로운 신약의 개발 등은 매우 중요함을 차지하고 있다. 그러나 현재의 분석 기술인 2-D 젤 모세관 전기 영동 장치, 액체 크로마토그래피 그리고 질량 분석기 등의 여러 가지 방법들은 세포 내에서 극 미량의 단백질들을 분석하는데 있어서 충분한 감도를 제공하지 못한다. 이 실험에서는 모세관 전기 영동 장치를 이용한 단백질과 펩타이드의 분석에서 시료의 낮은 농도의 감도를 향상시키기 위하여 시료 농축 방법인 Large Volume Sample Stacking 방법과 Head column stacking 방법을 이용하여 분석을 하였다. α - lactalbumin과 trypsin inhibitor들과 같은 단백질들을 위의 시료 농축 방법을 이용하여 낮은 시료의 농도 0.01 ㎍/㎖까지 농축이 가능하였다. 또한 효소로 처리한 잘려진 단백질들의 절편들도 극 미량의 low femtomole 수준까지 검출이 가능하였다. 그리고 low femtomole 수준의 단백질 절편들을 규명하기 위하여 CE-MS를 사용하였다 The identification proteins in the cell is very important for Proteomics research. However, current analytical techniques such as 2-D gel electrophoresis, 1iquid chromatography and mass spectrometry do not provide enough sensitivity for cell proteins especially for low-abundant proteins. Therefore, protein and peptide concentration method should be developed for the easy operation of current identification technologies. In order to enhance the concentration sensitivity in capillary electrophoresis of proteins deptides, large volume sample stacking using electroosmotic flow pump and LVSEP combined with Head column stacking were applied. Proteins such as α -Lactalbumin and trypsin inhibitor were successfully stacked and their limits of detection were below 0.01㎍/㎖. A large volume of digested protein samples was also stacked and the enhanced sensitivity allowed one to analyze protein digests at low femtomole levels. CE-MS was employed for the identification of protein digests at low femtomole levels.

다수의 냉동시스템에 의한 저온 저장고의 에너지 성능평가

강동언,김성만,운종호,이의준,박영하,현명택 濟州大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.11 No.1

The cool storage system(CSS) is a specific building that is required only cooling load without heating during the whole year. CSS uses a electric energy which is very expensive and is required much amount of energy due to temperature differences between interior and ambient temperatures. The purpose of this study is to assess the energy performance of the multi-unit cooler operating control system. For the prediction of its performance, two types of test (KIER). First cell is equiped with one .are installed a t Korea Institute of Energy Research large unit cooler. and second cell consists of two small unit coolers. According to the results of experiments using these cells. the multi-unit cooler operating control system is found to be effective in energy saving and beneficial for storage due to much less deviation of temperature.

모 축전지 회사 근로자들의 연폭로 지표에 대한 경시적 관찰

강명식,김용배,이용진,리갑수,김화성,황규윤,장봉기,이성수,안규동,이병국 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 1998 순천향산업의학 Vol.4 No.1

Lead poisoning is still prevalent and one of important occupational disease in Korea. To prevent undue high lead burden and maintain good health condition of lead workers in lead using industries, periodic health examination and regular biological monitoring of lead workers are often required in addition to the fundamental improvement of their working condition. To evaluate the effect of comprehensive occupational health program with regular biological monitoring on the level of lead exposure of lead workers in lead using industries, 11 year database from 1983 to 1994 of one storage battery factory was reviewed. From 1983 to end of 1986 only periodic health examination was provided to the lead workers, but from 1987 comprehensive occupational health program with regular biological monitoring was provided to maintain better health condition of lead workers. Selected study variables for lead exposure were blood lead(PbB), zinc protoporphyrin in blood(ZPP), δ-aminolevulinic acid in urine(ALAU), hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit(HCT). Information on sex, age and work duration was also reviewed. 5 years data from 1983 to 1987 and 3 years data from 1990, 1993 and 1994 were available for all lead exposure indices except ALAU which has only 5 years data from 1983 to 1997. The results of 11 years longitudinal observation of lead indices are all follows: 1. The mean value of ZPP of lead workers in 1983 was 148.7±73.1 ㎍/㎗(Male: 145.5±72.3, Female: 168.1±79.1), whereas that of ZPP of lead workers in 1994 was decreased to 64.3±32.7 ㎍/㎗(Male: 60.2±28.8, Female: 95.2±43.4). 2. The mean value of PbB of lead workers in 1983 was 56.4±18.8 ㎍/㎗(Male: 55.59±19.1, Female: 59.6±19.1), whereas that of PbB of lead workers in 1994 was dcreased to 35.4±11.9 ㎍/㎗(Male: 35.7±12.0, Female: 32.8±10.8). 3. The mean value of Hb of lead workers in 1983 was 14.1±1.4 g/㎗(Male: 14.4±1.1, Female: 11.7±0.8), whereas that of Hb of lead workers in 1994 was increased to 15.6±1.5 g/㎗(Male: 15.9±1.2, Female: 12.9±1.1). 4. Blood lead is most highly correlated with ZPP(r=0.522, male:0.54 and female:0.50) and also correlated with ALAU and work duration also. 5. The simple regression analysis of PbB and ZPP showed different coefficient of regression by the measurement year, but there was no difference of coefficient of regression between sex. The slope of equation of pooled data for 1983-1986 without comprehensive occupational health program was 2.16 and differed from that of pooled data for 1987-1994(1.25). This difference suggests that the unit effect of blood lead on ZPP was relatively smaller in later period of comprehensive occupational health program than carly period without comprehensive program. The slope change in the analysis of linear regression of PbB on ZPP in lead workers can be used to evaluate the possible effect of health intervention to prevent undue high lead absorption in lead using industries. 6. 11 years occupational health service in this storage battery factory brought out considerable improvement of health status of lead workers in terms of decrease of PbB and ZPP and increase of Hb and the improvement was more remarkable after the introduction of comprehensive occupational health program.

근골격계 악성 종양치료에서 동소 자가골 이식술을 이용한 사지 구제술

강용구,우영균,김정만,문영상,송영오 가톨릭 중앙의료원 가톨릭 암센터 1993 가톨릭 암센터 論集 Vol.7 No.1

아세클로페낙 연질캡슬(클란자 에스 연질캡슬)의 개발

용철순,이경희,최진석,박병주,정세현,김용일,박상만,배명수,김귀자,김영식,유창훈,강성룡,유봉규,이종달,최한곤 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.1

To develop and aceclofenac soft capsule, four preparations with various solubilizers were prepared and their dissolution test was carried out. Among four preparations tested, a preparation with ethanolamine was selected a formula of aceclofenac soft capsule (Clanza S^(™), since it showed the fastest dissolution rate. Bioequivalence of aceclofenac tablet, Airtal^(™)(Dae-Woong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and aceclofenac soft capsule, Clanza S^(™)(Korea United Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was evaluated according to the guideline of KFDA. Fourteen normal male volunteers (age 20-25 years old) were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After oral administration of one tablet or capsule containing 100 ㎎ of aceclofenac, blood ws taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of aceclofenac in plasma wa determined with an HPLC method under UV detector. The pharmacokinetic parameters (C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t)) were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC_(t), C_(max) and T_(max) between Airtal tablet and Clanza soft capsule were 2.89%, 0.18% and 43.0%, respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.250(e.g.log(0.81) - log(1.23) and log(0.89) - log(1.14)) for AUC_(t) and C_(max), respectively. Thus, the criteria of the KDFA guidelines for the equivalence was satisfied, indicating that Clanza S^(™) soft capsule is bioequivalent to Airtal^(™) tablet.

악성 갑상선 우연종의 임상상 및 초음파 소견의 진단적 가치

강한욱,김광원,이병완,강보현,김형훈,김범진,정재훈,민용기,이명식,이문규 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: 최근 갑상선 초음파 검사의 빈번한 시행으로 갑상선 우연종의 발견이 증가하고 있다. 이러한 갑상선 우연종은 임상적으로 어떻게 접근하고 치료를 해야 하는지 적지 않은 문제가 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 직경 1.5㎝ 이하의 갑상선 우연종의 유병률, 입상적 특징 및 초음파 특성, 그리고 가장 효율적인 진단적 접근에 대해 알아 봤다. 방법: 1999년 1월부터 2000년 12월까지 삼성서울병원 내과 및 일반외과로 갑상선 결절을 주소로 내원한 1457명을 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 우연히 발견된 직경 1.5㎝ 이하의 갑상선 결절을 가지는 환자들에서 갑상선 결절의 촉지 유무, 갑상선 기능검사, 항갑상선 항체, 갑상선 초음파 및 미세침 흡인세포검사, 99m^Tc 갑상선 스켄, 수술 조직검사 및 병기를 검토하였다. 결과: 분석한 갑상선 결절 1475예 중 갑상선 우연종의 유병률은 13.4%(198예)였다. 갑상선 우연종에서 악성률은 28.8%(57예)으로 나왔다. 양성 및 악성 갑상선 우연종에서 나이, 성별, 갑상선 기능검사, 결절 크기에는 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 갑상선 스켄은 갑상선 우연종의 감별에 적합하지 않았다. 갑상선 결절의 초음파 지표 점수만이 양성 및 악석 갑상선 우연종의 감별에서 초음파 지표 점수의 민감도는 88.9%, 특이도는 74.4%, 양성 예측률은 92.4%로 나왔고 진단적 정환도는 85.5%였다. 갑상선암으로 수술을 받은 50명중 stage 1은 34명, stage 2는 6명, stage 3은 10명으로 대부분의 악성 갑상선 우연종은 낮은 TNM 병기로 나타났으나, 상당수에서는 국소 침범의 소견을 보였다. TNM 병기의 3기 환자 전부는 45세 이상이였고, 주로 갑상선암의 피막 침범에 의한 것이었다. 임파절 전이는 6명의 환자에서 나왔다. 결론: 악성 갑상선 우연종은 비교적 흔히 접할 수 있는 질환이며 양성 우연종과는 임상적으로 구별이 안 된다. 악성 갑상선 우연종은 발견 당시 대부분 낮은 병기이나, 갑상선의 피막 침범 및 임파절 전이가 상당수에서 발견되었다. 갑상선 우연종의 초음파 소견은 향후의 진단 방향을 제시하는 중요한 길잡이가 될 수 있다. 초음파 지표 점수 2점 이상의 갑상선 우연종에서만 초음파 유도 미세침 흡입검사를 권장한다. Background: High-resolution ultrasonography has made the detection of asymptomatic small thyroid possible. Recent increases in the detection of incidentalomas have created a clinical dilemma on how to properly manage such incidental nodules. We investigated the prevalence, clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics, and optimal diagnostic approach toward incidentally detected benign and malignant thyroid nodules of less than 1.5㎝ in size. Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken on the 1,475 patients who had visited Samsung Medical Center, Seoul Korea between January 1999 and December 2000. The review consisted of a physical examination of the thyroid gland, thyroid function test, antithyroid antibodies, thyroid ultrasonography, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, pathology and TNA staging of the incidentally detected thyroid nodules of less than 1.5㎝ in size. Results: The prevalence of thyroid incidentalomas was 13.4% and the malignancy rate within them was 28.8%. There were no significant differences in age, sex, thyroid function test and size between the benign and malignant incidentalomas. Ultrasonographic characteristics showed meaningful diagnostic value for the detection of malignancy in incidentalomas. Most malignant incidentalomas were of a low stage. Conclusion: Occult thyroid cancers are fairly common finding. There are no clinical difference between benign and malignant thyroid nodules less than 1.5㎝; however, ultrasonographic findings can be used to decision of optimal management strategies (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:649∼656, 2002).

고등학교 지구과학에 있어서 비디오를 이용한 수업방식의 학습효과 : 태양계 단원을 중심으로 Especially on the Solar System Chapter

姜用熙,兪明濬 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1990 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.14 No.-

In this study, we make a comparative analysis between the results of the instruction using the video tape recorder(VTR) as an instructional aid and the conventional lecture for the chapter of the solar system in the highschool earth science textbook. We have prepared 14 qustions to investigate the effects of each teaching method. The test was performed to two groups ; 102 high school students who learned the basic concepts concerning the solar system and 101 students who did not learn the concepts. It turned out that regardless of the previous learning, the mean achievement score of students who learned the concept by the VTR lecture is higher then that of students who learned by conventional lecture at a level of significance of 0.05. This means that the VTR instruction is more effective than the conventional lecture for the chapter of the solar system of the high school earth science textbook.

저주파 스퍼터링으로 성장한 Li₃.₃PO₃._9N_0.₁_7 박막의 특성

안명환,정호용,강성준 여수대학교 산업기술지역개발연구소 2001 産業基術硏究所 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

The electrolyte solid films for the rechargeable Li-ion thin film batteries were deposited by RF sputtering method using a Li3PO4 sputter target and increasing RF power under a flowing N2O or N2 atmosphere. The chemical bond structures were spectroscopically analyzed by using FTIR (fouler transform infrared spectroscopy) and XPS (x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). The FTIR absorption spectra of the films exhibited two principal stretching bands, one associated with the PO3 stretching mode and the other with the P-O-P stretch mode. The XPS N1s peaks located at 398.2∼404.5 eV indicated that the N bond structure in the film consisted of chemical bonds, such as nitride bonded to P and/or Li atoms. To be influenced by the nitrogen, the ionic conductivity of the films deposited Using N2 has to be 10 orders of magnitude higher than that of the films deposited Using N2O.

부산지역 강하먼지 중 불용성 중금속 함유량

이용범,황용식,이창희,박명희,이채관,강동묵,김정원,전병일,문덕환 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.1

■ Objectives The purpose of this study was to estimate qualitatively various bulk deposition flux of insoluble heavy metal components by applying regional and seasonal distribution. our institution from January 1980 to December 31th, 2001. ■ Materials and Methods Dustfall particles were collected by the modified American dust jar (wide inlet bottle type) at 6 sampling sites in Pusan area from March, 1999 to February, 2000. Five chemical species (Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni and Pb) were analyzed by AAS(Perkin-Elmer 4100ZL). ■ Results The mean values of each heavy metal concentrations were Cd for 3.947 g/㎢/month, Cr for 0.191 ㎏/㎢/month, Mn for 0.375 ㎏/㎢/month, Ni for 0.176 ㎏/㎢/month, and Pb for 0.823 ㎏/㎢/month. ■ Conclusions Insoluble heavy metal amount of regional variations were found in order of industrial zone, coastal zone, commercial zone, agricultural zone and residential zone.