Stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng counteract aberrant autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons of mice with cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation

Cao, Yin,Yang, Yingbo,Wu, Hui,Lu, Yi,Wu, Shuang,Liu, Lulu,Wang, Changhong,Huang, Fei,Shi, Hailian,Zhang, Beibei,Wu, Xiaojun,Wang, Zhengtao The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Backgroud: Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs learning and memory by inhibiting hippocampal functioning at molecular and cellular levels. Abnormal autophagy and apoptosis are closely associated with neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. This study is aimed to explore the alleviative effect and the underlying molecular mechanism of stem-leaf saponins of Panax notoginseng (SLSP) on the abnormal neuronal autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampus of mice with impaired learning and memory induced by SD. Methods: Mouse spatial learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze test. Neuronal morphological changes were observed by Nissl staining. Autophagosome formation was examined by transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescent staining, acridine orange staining, and transient transfection of the tf-LC3 plasmid. Apoptotic event was analyzed by flow cytometry after PI/annexin V staining. The expression or activation of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blotting assay. Results: SLSP was shown to improve the spatial learning and memory of mice after SD for 48 h, accomanied with restrained excessive autophage and apoptosis, whereas enhanced activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in hippocampal neurons. Meanwhile, it improved the aberrant autophagy and apoptosis induced by rapamycin and re-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling transduction in HT-22 cells, a hippocampal neuronal cell line. Conclusion: SLSP could alleviate cognitive impairment induced by SD, which was achieved probably through suppressing the abnormal autophagy and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. The findings may contribute to the clinical application of SLSP in the prevention or therapy of neurological disorders associated with SD.

Stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng counteract aberrant autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons of mice with cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation

Yin Cao,Yingbo Yang,Hui Wu,Yi Lu,Shuang Wu,Lulu Liu,Changhong Wang,Fei Huang,Hailian Shi,Beibei Zhang,Xiaojun Wu,Zhengtao Wang 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Backgroud: Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs learning and memory by inhibiting hippocampal functioningat molecular and cellular levels. Abnormal autophagy and apoptosis are closely associated with neurodegenerationin the central nervous system. This study is aimed to explore the alleviative effect and theunderlying molecular mechanism of stemeleaf saponins of Panax notoginseng (SLSP) on the abnormalneuronal autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampus of mice with impaired learning and memory inducedby SD. Methods: Mouse spatial learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze test. Neuronalmorphological changes were observed by Nissl staining. Autophagosome formation was examined bytransmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescent staining, acridine orange staining, and transienttransfection of the tf-LC3 plasmid. Apoptotic event was analyzed by flow cytometry after PI/annexin Vstaining. The expression or activation of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins were detected byWestern blotting assay. Results: SLSP was shown to improve the spatial learning and memory of mice after SD for 48 h,accomanied with restrained excessive autophage and apoptosis, whereas enhanced activation of phosphoinositide3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in hippocampalneurons. Meanwhile, it improved the aberrant autophagy and apoptosis induced by rapamycinand re-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling transductionin HT-22 cells, a hippocampal neuronal cell line. Conclusion: SLSP could alleviate cognitive impairment induced by SD, which was achieved probablythrough suppressing the abnormal autophagy and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. The findings maycontribute to the clinical application of SLSP in the prevention or therapy of neurological disordersassociated with SD.

Estimation of high-dimensional sparse cross correlation matrix

Yin, Cao,Kwangok, Seo,Soohyun, Ahn,Johan, Lim The Korean Statistical Society 2022 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.29 No.6

On the motivation by an integrative study of multi-omics data, we are interested in estimating the structure of the sparse cross correlation matrix of two high-dimensional random vectors. We rewrite the problem as a multiple testing problem and propose a new method to estimate the sparse structure of the cross correlation matrix. To do so, we test the correlation coefficients simultaneously and threshold the correlation coefficients by controlling FRD at a predetermined level α. Further, we apply the proposed method and an alternative adaptive thresholding procedure by Cai and Liu (2016) to the integrative analysis of the protein expression data (X) and the mRNA expression data (Y) in TCGA breast cancer cohort. By varying the FDR level α, we show that the new procedure is consistently more efficient in estimating the sparse structure of cross correlation matrix than the alternative one.

Expression of Pituitary Tumor Transforming Gene 1 is an Independent Factor of Poor Prognosis in Localized or Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer Cases Receiving Hormone Therapy

Cao, Xi-Liang,Gao, Jiang-Ping,Wang, Wei,Xu, Yong,Shi, Huai-Yin,Zhang, Xu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

We investigated the prognostic value of pituitary tumor transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) expression according to clinicopathological features among localized or locally advanced prostate cancer cases receiving hormone therapy. A retrospective study involved 64 patients receiving combined androgen blockade treatment was performed. PTTG1 expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining using initial needle biopsy specimens for diagnosis. Associations of PTTG1 with various clinicopathological features and disease-free survival were examined via uni- and multivariate analyses. No association between PTTG1 expression and clinical T stage, Gleason score, pretreatment PSA levels, risk groups was found (p =0.682, 0.184, 0.487, 0.571, respectively). Univariate analysis revealed that increased PTTG1 expression, T3 stage and high risk group were associated with increased risk of disease progression (p =0.000, 0.042, and 0.001), and high PSA level had a tendency to predict disease progression (p =0.056). Cox hazard ratio analysis showed that PTTG1 low expression (p =0.002), PTTG1 high expression (p =0.000) and high risk group (p =0.0147) were significantly related to decreased disease-free survival. In conclusion, PTTG1 expression determined by immunohistochemical staining in needle biopsy specimens for diagnosis is a negative prognostic factor for progression in localized or locally advanced prostate cancer receiving hormone therapy.

A fuzzy controller based on incomplete differential ahead PID algorithm for a remotely operated vehicle

Cao, Junliang,Yin, Hanjun,Liu, Chunhu,Lian, Lian Techno-Press 2013 Ocean systems engineering Vol.3 No.3

In many applications, Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) are required to be capable of course keeping, depth keeping, and height keeping. The ROV must be able to resist time-variant external forces and moments or frequent manipulate changes in some specified circumstances, which require the control system meets high precision, fast response, and good robustness. This study introduces a Fuzzy-Incomplete Derivative Ahead-PID (FIDA-PID) control system for a 500-meter ROV with four degrees of freedom (DOFs) to achieve course, depth, and height keeping. In the FIDA-PID control system, a Fuzzy Gain Scheduling Controller (FGSC) is designed on the basis of the incomplete derivative ahead PID control system to make the controller suitable for various situations. The parameters in the fuzzy scheme are optimized via many cycles of trial-and-error in a 10-meter-deep water tank. Significant improvements have been observed through simulation and experimental results within 4-DOFs.

Establishment and application of a solid-phase blocking ELISA method for detection of antibodies against classical swine fever virus

Cao, Yuying,Yuan, Li,Yang, Shunli,Shang, Youjun,Yang, Bin,Jing, Zhizhong,Guo, Huichen,Yin, Shuanghui 대한수의학회 2022 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.23 No.3

Background: Classical swine fever (CSF) is a severe infectious disease of pigs that causes significant economic losses to the swine industry. Objectives: This study developed a solid-phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (spbELISA) method for the specific detection of antibodies against the CSF virus (CSFV) in porcine serum samples. Methods: A spbELISA method was developed based on the recombinant E2 expressed in Escherichia coli. The specificity of this established spbELISA method was evaluated using reference serum samples positive for antibodies against other common infectious diseases. The stability and sensitivity were evaluated using an accelerated thermostability test. Results: The spbELISA successfully detected the antibody levels in swine vaccinated with the C-strain of CSFV. In addition, the detection ability of spbELISA for CSFV antibodies was compared with that of other commercial ELISA kits and validated using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. The results suggested that the spbELISA provides an alternative, stable, and rapid serological detection method suitable for the large-scale screening of CSFV serum antibodies. Conclusions: The spbELISA has practical applications in assessing the vaccination status of large pig herds.

Air Embolism during Upper Endoscopy: A Case Report

Yin Fang,Junbei Wu,Feng Wang,Lihong Cheng,Yunhong Lu,Xiaofei Cao 대한소화기내시경학회 2019 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.52 No.4

Air embolism is a rare complication of upper endoscopy and potentially causes life-threatening events. A 67-year-old man with ahistory of surgery of cardiac carcinoma and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor underwent painless upper endoscopy because oftarry stools. During the procedure, air embolism developed, which caused decreased pulse oxygen saturation and delayed sedationrecovery. He recovered with some weakness of the left upper limb in the intensive care unit without hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Theetiology, clinical manifestations, and treatments of air embolism are discussed based on the literature reports. Although air embolism isuncommon in endoscopic examinations, the patients’ outcomes could be improved if clinicians are alert to this potential complication,and promptly start proper diagnostic and therapeutic measures.

Numerical Simulation of Hot-Carrier Gate and Injection Current in Deep-Submicron Thin-Film SOI/MOSFET Using Exact Field Distribution

Cao,Jain Min,Wu,Chuan Liang,Shen,Wen ZhEng,Huang,Chang,Li,Yin Bo,Xu,Yang Zhen 대한전자공학회 1997 ICVC : International Conference on VLSI and CAD Vol.5 No.1

Start with 2D simulation of hot-carrier injection current. in this pier, we have discussed the influence of different silicon film thickness (Tsi), gate oxide thickness (Tox1) and substrate doping (Na) an the hot-carrier effects of thin-film deep submicron SOI/MOSFET. Simulation results indicate that, with reduction of Tsi, the hot-carrier current is reduced (by more than 2 orders); and in Tsi range of 0.05-0.1μ. the hot carrier carrent is smallest and insensitive to Tox1, Na and Tsi. These are helpful to the design of high reliability SOI/MOSFET.

Distributed Pareto Reinforcement Learning for Multi-objective Smart Generation Control of Multi-area Interconnected Power Systems

Yin Linfei,Cao Xinghui,Sun Zhixiang 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.5

Multiple objectives of smart generation control (SGC) are considered. The paper proposes a distributed Pareto reinforcement learning (DPRL) based on game theory to address the multi-objective control problem (MOCP) of SGC of multi-area interconnected power systems (MAIPSs). The proposed DPRL consists of the framework of reinforcement learning and multiple Q matrices, which can provide multiple outputs for MOCPs. As a control algorithm based on the Markov decision process, the stability of the proposed approach can be guaranteed with the ability to provide dynamic control strategies online. With the Pareto concept of optimization algorithms introduced into a control algorithm, the proposed approach can obtain multiple comprehensive objectives. The case studies under the two-area and practical four-area power systems show that: compared with four reinforcement learning methods and a proportional-integral controller, the proposed DPRL can achieve the highest control performance with multiple objectives in MAIPSs. The case studies of SGC under two MAIPSs verify the feasibility and eff ectiveness of the DPRL for MOCPs.

Nanoplates of cobalt phosphonate with two-dimensional structure and its competitive adsorption of Pb(II) and Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions

Fujun Cao,Ping Yin,Jiang Zhang,Hou Chen,Rongjun Qu 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4

Nanoplates of cobalt phosphonate poly-Co3(LH2)2(LH3)2(H2O)4 2H2O (denoted as poly-CoAedp, L = 1- aminoethylidenediphosphononic acid anion) with two-dimensional structure has been successfully synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and applied in the removal of Pb(II) and Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Poly-CoAedp has exhibited a good performance for heavy metal removal, especially for Pb(II). The effects of different experimental parameters on the competitive adsorption capacities were investigated. The research results suggest that the nanoplates of poly-CoAedp have great potential applications in environmental protection, and the good adsorption ability make it a good promising candidate material for lead removal.