Upregulation of long non-coding RNA XIST has anticancer effects on epithelial ovarian cancer cells through inverse downregulation of hsa-miR-214-3p

Changhong Wang,Shan Qi,Cheng Xie,Chunfu Li,Pu Wang,Dongmei Liu 대한부인종양학회 2018 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.29 No.6

Objective: The present study is to evaluate the biological functions of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), X-inactive specific transcript, X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods: XIST was upregulated in EOC cell lines, CAOV3 and OVCAR3 cells by lentiviral transduction. The effects of XIST overexpression on cancer cell proliferation, invasion, chemosensitivity and in vivo tumor growth were investigated, respectively. Possible sponging interaction between XIST and human microRNA hsa-miR-214-3p was further evaluated. Furthermore, hsa-miR-214-3p was overexpressed in XIST-upregulated CAOV3 and OVCAR3 cells to evaluate its effect on XIST-mediated EOC regulation. Results: Lentivirus-mediated XIST upregulation had significant anticancer effects in CAOV3 and OVCAR3 cells by suppressing cancer cell proliferation, invasion, increasing cisplatin chemosensitivity and inhibiting in vivo tumor growth. Hsa-miR-214-3p was confirmed to directly bind XIST, and inversely downregulated in XIST-upregulated EOC cells. In EOC cells with XIST upregulation, secondary lentiviral transduction successfully upregulated hsa-miR-214-3p expression. Subsequently, hsa-miR-214-3p upregulation functionally reversed the anticancer effects of XIST-upregulation in EOC. Conclusion: Upregulation of lncRNA XIST may suppress EOC development, possibly through sponging effect to induce hsa-miR-214-3p downregulation.

Low-power Technologies for Wearable Telecare and Telehealth Systems: A Review

Changhong Wang,Wei Lu,Michael R. Narayanan,Stephen J. Redmond,Nigel H. Lovell 대한의용생체공학회 2015 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.5 No.1

Wearable telecare and telehealth systems are those which canbe worn on the human body and continuously monitor auser’s vital status. Even though these systems have alreadyshown promise in applications for improving medical servicequality and reducing medical costs, a short battery lifesignificantly restricts the widespread use of these systems. Low-power technologies (a general name for technologieswhich use various approaches to reduce the power consumptionof the associated electronics) can help alleviate thisdisadvantage of wearable telecare and telehealth systems. Inthis paper, we review recent developments and applicationsof low-power technologies in wearable telecare and telehealthsystems, sorting the various approaches into two categories:hardware-based approaches and firmware-based approaches. This paper focuses on illustrating how to realize theseapproaches but does not provide a quantitative analysis ofdifferent approaches, since the intended applications of theseapproaches are quite different, hence numeric comparison isnot meaningful. Given the proliferation of wearable telecareand telehealth systems, there will be a greater emphasis onthe development of low-power technologies in this field.

Theoretical investigation of deformation characteristics of stratified rocks considering geometric and mechanical variability

Peitao Wang,Meifeng Cai,Fenhua Ren,Changhong Li,Tianhong Yang 한국지질과학협의회 2017 Geosciences Journal Vol.21 No.2

Anisotropy is one of the most distinct features of stratified rock mass and it must be considered in engineering design and stability analysis. On the basis of linear elastic theory and displacements equivalence, a computational model considering elastic anisotropy was established. The equivalent elastic modulus and equivalent Poisson’s ratio of the stratified rock perpendicular and parallel to the loading direction were discussed. The relations of material properties and geometry parameters with the equivalent elastic modulus and equivalent Poisson’s ratio in two directions were studied. Uniaxial compressive test was conducted and the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio in the proposed model agreed well with experimental results. The comparison between a comprehensive set of experimental data and theoretical analysis data proves that the proposed constitutive model can effectively characteristic the mechanical behavior of stratified rocks. The proposed model can consider the effects of material parameters and geometry parameters of rock and joints on the mechanical behavior of stratified rock mass. Moreover, the elastic anisotropy was considered in the model. Thus, the model can supply some valuable reference in studying deformation of stratified rock mass and engineering design.

Numerical analysis on scale effect of elasticity, strength and failure patterns of jointed rock masses

Peitao Wang,Tianhong Yang,Tao Xu,Meifeng Cai,Changhong Li 한국지질과학협의회 2016 Geosciences Journal Vol.20 No.4

It is of great importance to study the failure process and scale effect of jointed rock mass in the field of rock mechanics and mining engineering. In the present paper, initially the uniaxial compression test on granite was performed and acoustic emission (AE) sequence was acquired during the compression process in laboratory. Results from numerical simulations using the particle flow code in two dimensions (PFC2D) were presented, and compared with experimental measurements. It was observed that the approach was reasonably good in predicting the real response of granite rock samples. The mechanical parameter of joint model was then calibrated based on PFC2D model with experimental results. Finally the mechanical properties of complex rocks with discrete fracture network (DFN) were studied and scale effects on the elasticity and strength were then investigated. The result showed that the failure pattern was similar when the ratio of joint contact bond strength (both shear and normal) to rock contact bond strength was in the range of 3~9%. The elastic modulus and strength parameters were changed with the sizes of rock sample for DFN models. Moreover, the variation of rock failure pattern under different sizes was also studied and finally the representative elementary volume (REV) size of the considered rock mass was estimated to be 9 × 9 m. It is suggested that the failure pattern analysis should be considered in the REV study of jointed rock mass.

Calibration of Geotechnical Parameters Based on the Stochastic Discrete-continuum Coupling Method and Bayesian Theory

Daofei Tang,Changhong Wang,Baolin Hu,Kun Wang,Chengtao Ma 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.3

Regular borehole sampling and laboratory tests have a long process, many disturbances and the risk of large errors. Hence, it is difficult to quickly and accurately obtain the geotechnical parameters in scientific calculations. The Cone Penetration Test (CPT) is an in-situ testing technique with a wide range of applications and high data quality. However, CPT data (cone resistance, qc, and sleeve friction, fs) cannot be directly converted into geotechnical parameters. The fundamental reason is the lack of mathematical-physical methods that establish the relationship between geotechnical parameters and CPT data. This study proposes a stochastic discrete-continuum coupling method to calibrate the geotechnical parameters. The deterministic and stochastic relationship between CPT data and geotechnical parameters is established. Firstly, the macroscopic and microscopic constitutive models are introduced. Secondly, a Bayesian sampling algorithm based on the Markov chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC) method is combined with the coupling mechanism. Finally, two examples verify the rationality of the stochastic discrete-continuum coupling method. CPT data of Ottawa 20 − 30 sand is used as the research objective, the prediction results are compared with the real results through numerical calculation, and effectiveness of the deterministic discrete-continuum coupling method is verified. Then, based on the coupling numerical model, the shallow bearing stratum in Shanghai, namely ② 1 silty clay, is taken as an example, and the geotechnical parameters are calibrated. The predicted values of CPT data based on the posterior distributions are closer to the measurements than the prior reconnaissance information. In the engineering practice, the mechanism and statistics between the geotechnical parameters and CPT data are revealed, it provides a new idea for calibrating geotechnical parameters.

The Study of Special Geological Environment Conditions in the Design of Supporting Structures for Large and Unusually Shaped Foundation Pits

( Shulan Guo ),( Changhong Yan ),( Liangchen Yu ),( Zhanyong Yang ),( Qingming Wang ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

A large underground transportation hub, which was completed in 2016, is located on the west side of the Nanjing Youth Olympic Center, which is close to the embankment of the Yangtze River. The foundation pit for the hub is of an unusual shape and variable depth, and has required deep excavation. A further complicating factor in construction has been the area’s wide distribution of loose sediments of Quaternary age. The near-surface is primarily comprised of newly deposited soft soil of considerable thickness; the lower part is a riverbed-phase sandy soil containing rich groundwater, and most of it is confined. The B2-J1 area is the core area of the project. The bottoms of the foundation pits were located in the layers of B, C1, and C2, which exhibit poor stability. The site is also close to the Yangtze River, which is characterized by high-level groundwater. After considering the engineering geological conditions, the potential associated geological problems, and the function and shape of the foundation pits, we divided the soil layers of the foundation pits into two areas (the NW area and the SE area). The support structure was designed for the “pit in pit” and the “pit leaning pit” phenomena of the two areas, and the support effect was verified via FLAC3D numerical simulation software.

The effects of nitrobenzene on the genetic toxicity in tobacco seedling leaf cells by comet assay

Zening Yuan,Yuwei Cao,Liang Si,Dehui Wang,Changhong Guo 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2011 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.7 No.3

Nitrobenzene (NB) is a synthetic hydrocarbon widely used in industries which is a highly toxic environmental pollutant. To investigate its genetic toxicity to plants, tobacco seedlings were exposed to varying concentration of NB solution for short-term (24hours). The comet assay was used to examine the DNA damage in tobacco leaf cells under the stress of NB. The DNA migration increased with the dose of NB (from 10 to 100 mg/L). The values of tail intensity (TDNA),tail moment (TM), and olive tail moment (OTM)increased linearly with NB concentrations between 5mg/L and 100 mg/L. The results suggest that NB has genotoxic effect on the molecular level in tobacco leaf cells. The comet parameters were significantly different from the control when NB concentrations were higher than 5 mg/L (P⁄0.05), suggesting that tobacco leaf cells have high sensitivity to NB stress. The phenomena demonstrated that the tobacco comet assay could be used efficiently monitor aquatic pollution caused by the toxic chemicals. In addition, a similar evaluation was performed using different NB and antioxidant ascorbic acid (Vc) mixed solutions. The DNA damage in the antioxidant group were significantly lower than those in the group without antioxidant, which illustrates that antioxidants could partially decrease the DNA damage induced by NB. These results suggest that oxidation reactions caused by NB might be one of the factors that lead to DNA damage in plants. However, to process the possible participation of mechanisms of DNA damage caused by NB, further investigation will need.

Cloning, Annotation and Expression Analysis of Mycoparasitism- Related Genes in Trichoderma harzianum 88

Lin Yao,Qian Yang,Jinzhu Song,Chong Tan,Changhong Guo,Li Wang,Lianhai Qu,Yun Wang 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.2

Trichoderma harzianum 88, a filamentous soil fungus, is an effective biocontrol agent against several plant pathogens. High-throughput sequencing was used here to study the mycoparasitism mechanisms of T. harzianum 88. Plate confrontation tests of T. harzianum 88 against plant pathogens were conducted, and a cDNA library was constructed from T. harzianum 88 mycelia in the presence of plant pathogen cell walls. Randomly selected transcripts from the cDNA library were compared with eukaryotic plant and fungal genomes. Of the 1,386 transcripts sequenced, the most abundant Gene Ontology (GO) classification group was “physiological process”. Differential expression of 19 genes was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR at different mycoparasitism stages against plant pathogens. Gene expression analysis revealed the transcription of various genes involved in mycoparasitism of T. harzianum 88. Our study provides helpful insights into the mechanisms of T. harzianum 88-plant pathogen interactions.

Stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng counteract aberrant autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons of mice with cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation

Cao, Yin,Yang, Yingbo,Wu, Hui,Lu, Yi,Wu, Shuang,Liu, Lulu,Wang, Changhong,Huang, Fei,Shi, Hailian,Zhang, Beibei,Wu, Xiaojun,Wang, Zhengtao The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Backgroud: Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs learning and memory by inhibiting hippocampal functioning at molecular and cellular levels. Abnormal autophagy and apoptosis are closely associated with neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. This study is aimed to explore the alleviative effect and the underlying molecular mechanism of stem-leaf saponins of Panax notoginseng (SLSP) on the abnormal neuronal autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampus of mice with impaired learning and memory induced by SD. Methods: Mouse spatial learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze test. Neuronal morphological changes were observed by Nissl staining. Autophagosome formation was examined by transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescent staining, acridine orange staining, and transient transfection of the tf-LC3 plasmid. Apoptotic event was analyzed by flow cytometry after PI/annexin V staining. The expression or activation of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blotting assay. Results: SLSP was shown to improve the spatial learning and memory of mice after SD for 48 h, accomanied with restrained excessive autophage and apoptosis, whereas enhanced activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in hippocampal neurons. Meanwhile, it improved the aberrant autophagy and apoptosis induced by rapamycin and re-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling transduction in HT-22 cells, a hippocampal neuronal cell line. Conclusion: SLSP could alleviate cognitive impairment induced by SD, which was achieved probably through suppressing the abnormal autophagy and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. The findings may contribute to the clinical application of SLSP in the prevention or therapy of neurological disorders associated with SD.

Stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng counteract aberrant autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons of mice with cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation

Yin Cao,Yingbo Yang,Hui Wu,Yi Lu,Shuang Wu,Lulu Liu,Changhong Wang,Fei Huang,Hailian Shi,Beibei Zhang,Xiaojun Wu,Zhengtao Wang 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Backgroud: Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs learning and memory by inhibiting hippocampal functioningat molecular and cellular levels. Abnormal autophagy and apoptosis are closely associated with neurodegenerationin the central nervous system. This study is aimed to explore the alleviative effect and theunderlying molecular mechanism of stemeleaf saponins of Panax notoginseng (SLSP) on the abnormalneuronal autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampus of mice with impaired learning and memory inducedby SD. Methods: Mouse spatial learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze test. Neuronalmorphological changes were observed by Nissl staining. Autophagosome formation was examined bytransmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescent staining, acridine orange staining, and transienttransfection of the tf-LC3 plasmid. Apoptotic event was analyzed by flow cytometry after PI/annexin Vstaining. The expression or activation of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins were detected byWestern blotting assay. Results: SLSP was shown to improve the spatial learning and memory of mice after SD for 48 h,accomanied with restrained excessive autophage and apoptosis, whereas enhanced activation of phosphoinositide3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in hippocampalneurons. Meanwhile, it improved the aberrant autophagy and apoptosis induced by rapamycinand re-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling transductionin HT-22 cells, a hippocampal neuronal cell line. Conclusion: SLSP could alleviate cognitive impairment induced by SD, which was achieved probablythrough suppressing the abnormal autophagy and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. The findings maycontribute to the clinical application of SLSP in the prevention or therapy of neurological disordersassociated with SD.