일 대학 부속병원 간호사들의 연구장애 요인

유연희,배수정,김진선 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.1

Background and Objectives: Evidence based practice is a hallmark of professional nursing. However, low levels of research utilization are problematic in nursing. The purposes of this study were to identify the facilitators and barriers to research utilization and to identify factors associated with research utilization among nurses. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 227 nurses in a university hospital located in a metropolitan city. The questionnaire included the Barriers Scale and questions about research activities, research related educational needs, and resources used to obtain information for clinical decision making. Results: The main barriers to research utilization identified by the respondents were: the fact that most research is published in a foreign language; implications for practice are not made clear; the research has not been replicated. The greatest mean score of each of the sub-scales was the communication factor followed by the organization, research, and nurse factors. Nurses who had received education for research methods, statistics, and reference search and who had participated research activities reported lower barrier score than those who did not. Conclusions: Although the nurses perceived the importance of research utilization in their practice, there was a poor application in their work. Decreasing known barriers would facilitate research-based practice. The implications for nursing to decrease the barriers to research utilization are discussed.

뮤코펙트 정(염산암브록솔 30mg)에 대한 암브렉트 정의 생물학적 동등성

유정연,정선경,최미희,한상범,이경률,이희주 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.3

A bioequivalence study of Ambrect^(™) tablets (Dong Wha Pharm. Ind. Co., Ltd.) to Mucopect^(™) tablets(Boe-hringer Ingelheim Korea, Ltd.) was conducted according to the guideline of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Twenty four healthy male Korean volunteers received each medicine at the ambroxol hydorchoride dose of 30 ㎎ in a 2×2 crossover study. There was a one-week wash out period between the doses. Plasma concentrations of ambroxol were monitored by a high-performance liquid chromatography for over a period of 24 hours after the administration. Aug_(t)(the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 hr) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule method. C_(max) (maximum plasma drug concentration) and T_(max) (time to reach C_(max)) were compilied from the plasma concentraction-time data. Analysis of variance was carried out using logarithmically transformed AUC_(T) and C_(max). No significant sequence effect was found for all of the bioavailability parameters indicating that the crossover design was properly performed. The 90% confidence intervals of the AUC_(t) ratio and the C_(max) ratio for Ambrect^(™)/Mucopect^(™) were 0.89-1.01 and 0.89-1.02, respectively. These values were within the acceptable bioequivalence intervals of 0.80-1.25. Thus, our study demonstarated the bioequivalence of Ambrect^(™) and Mucopect^(™) with respect to the rate and extent of absorption.

임부의 연령에 따른 보완대체요법에 관한 인식 태도 경험 비교 연구

김연진,김지연,노경민,신혜리,유예지,이지민,장희조,정아인,최소정,강숙정,이향연,민혜영 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2016 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.50

Purpose: This study aims to test if the age of pregnant women affects the perception, experience, and attitude towards complementary alternative therapy (CAT), by investigating the perception, experience, and attitude of pregnant women under the age of 35, and above 35 (Advanced Maternal Age). The study will 1) find the general characteristics of pregnant women under and over the age of 35 2) compare the perception, behavior, and experience of pregnant women under and over the age of 35, and 3) find the comparison of the perception, behavior, and experience according to the general characteristics of pregnant women under and over the age of 35. Method: The subjects of this study are composed of 44 women under the age of 35 and 44 women above the age of 35, totaling 88 pregnant women visiting midwiferies, obstetrics and gynecology, and baby fairs in Seoul and Gyeong-Gi area. Data for this study was collected from November 28, 2015 to January 6, 2016 for 40 days. The collected data analyzed mean, standard deviation, t test, ANOVA, and chi-square by using SPSS 23.0. Result Results show that there is a significant difference in the perception, attitude, and experience of the two-sample groups in the use of CAT. The question of “what is most necessary when applying CAT in a hospital clinical environment” for the perception criteria came out with the results of t=9.980, p<.05. For the attitude, results showed that the answers of pregnant women under the age of 35 displayed a more positive attitude towards CAT. (t=2.421, p<.05) Lastly, in the experience section, pregnant women under the age of 35 showed more CAT use than the other sample group. Conclusion Results have shown that there is a difference in the perception, behavior, and experience between the two sample groups. Therefore further research on the efficacy and the adverse effects of CAT needs to be done.

Free Communications : P2 ; Cannabinoid Receptors : Its Impact in Epidermal Differentiation and Possible Role in Treatment of Psoriasis

( Ji Seok Kim ),( Chan Hee Nam ),( Ji Yeon Yoo1 ),( Hyun Jung Kim ),( Se Kyoo Jeong ),( Sung Ku Ahn ),( Seung Phil Hong ) 한국피부장벽학회 2014 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Purpose: There are researches indicating that in human skin, the cannabinoid receptors exist, which take a part of endocannabinoid system. Nonetheless, the possible association of cannabinoid receptors with the pathogenesis of psoriasis has not yet been fully elucidated. Through this research, we tried to document the association between cannabinoid system, epidermal differentiation and psoriasis. Methods: Using human keratinocyte (KC), the expression of cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) and -2 (CB2R) was analyzed according to the degree of differentiation. Also we examined for changes in differentiation marker of KC after application of CBR agonist. In addition, murine model applied with imiquimod to induce psoriasis symptoms was used to evaluate the effect of topical CBR agonist on inflammation and skin barrier function. Results: Compared to normal human skin, CBR expression was reduced in epidermis of psoriasis skin. Western blotting revealed the expression of both CB1R and CB2R in undifferentiated KC. The expression level of CB1R increased as the differentiation progressed in KC as with involucrin, K1 and K10. On the other hand, there was no change of CB2R in the process of differentiation. Furthermore, CB1R agonist partly increased expression of proteins associated with epidermal differentiation. Through this we could speculate that the CB system may be associated with proteins related to epidermal differentiation. Moreover, inflammation and barrier function in murine models with psoriasis symptoms were improved after 3 days-application of topical CB1R agonist. Conclusion: Cannabinoid receptors in human skin might be related to the differentiation of KC, and since its activation could improve skin barrier condition in murine psoriasis model, it can be expected to be a new therapeutic target for treatment of psoriasis.

개에서 심기능과 산소균형에 미치는 Dobutamine 과 Epinephrine 의 영향

최정일,유경연,임웅모,정성욱,정성태 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.2

Effects of Dobutamine and Epinephrine on Myocardial Function and Oxygen Balance in Normal and Stunned Myocardium in Dogs Seongwook Jeong, M.D., Jeong Il Choi, M.D., Sung Tae Jeong, M.D. Kyung Yeon Yoo, M.D., and Woong Mo Im, M.D. Department of Anesthesiology, Chonnam University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea Background: Myocardial ischemia is known to depress systolic and diastolic functions for a prolonged period of time. Dobutamine and epinephrine are frequently administered to improve myocardial function during cardiac surgery. The vascular response to vasopressors might be altered by ischemia and reperfusion, since alterations in vascular control mechanisms have been demonstrated even after a short period of ischemia. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of dobutamine and epinephrine of regional and global myocardial functions, coronary blood flow (CBF) and myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO_2) in normal and stunned myocardium in an open-chest canine model. Methods: Forty-eight dogs were acutelly instrumented under enflurane anesthesia to measure aortic and left ventricular pressures, and pulmonary (cardiac output) and left anterior descending (LAD) blood flows via a Doppler flowmeter, and a subendocardial segment length in the region supplied by the LAD. In series 1, increamental doses of dobutamine (1,2,5,10 ㎍/kg/min, n = 9 ) or epinephrine (0.02, 0.04, 0.1, 0.2 ㎍/kg/min, n = 10) were infused intravenously (IV) for 10 min before (normal) and after 15 min of LAD occlusion and subsequent 1 hr-reperfusion (stunned). In series 2, incremental doses of dobutamine (50, 125, 250, 375 ng/mL of LAD flow, n =14) or epinephrine (4. 10. 20. 30 ng/mL of LAD flow, n = 15) were infused directly into the LAD (IC) for 3-5 min before (normal) and after myocardial ischemia (stunned). Segment shortening (%SS), as an index of regional diastolic function, were evaluated. Simultaneous arterial and coronary venous contents of oxygen and lactate were measured to calculate MVO_2 and oxygen (EO_2) and lactate extraction (E??) ratios during IV or IC infusions of epinephrine or dobutamine. Effectiveness of metabolic vasodilation was determined from EO_2. Results: IV or IC infusions of dobutamine or epinephrine before ischemia resulted in dose-dependent increases in mechanical functions (%SS and dL/dt max) and MVO_2. These changes were accompanied by parallel increases in CBF resulting in unaltered EO_2. After the ischemia and reper-fusion, %SS and dL/dt max were depressed and E?? was reduced, but similar mechanical responses (%SS and dL/dt max) to both dobutamine & epinephrine were observed. Also, in the stunned myocardium, CBF increased in parallel with mechanical function and MVO_2 with either IC or IV dobutamine, resulting in an unaltered EO_2. However, IC but not IV epinephrine did not affect EO_2, suggesting abolishment of its direct vasodilating effect in stunned myocardium. IN addition, IC epinephrine infusion further decreased E??, while IC dobutamine did not affect it in stunned myocardium. During IV infusions, dobutamine caused a dose-dependent increase in the heart rate but epinephrine did not affect it, despite the comparable increase in cardiac index and mean aortic pressure. Conclusions: The results indicate that dobutamine and epinephrine exert similar positive inotropic and lusitropic effects in normal and stunned myocardium in dogs. However, epinephrine causes direct coronary vasodilation in normal myocardium, but it does not directly affect coronary vascular tone in stunned myocardium. IN addition, epinephrine infusion dose-dependently depresses E?? in stunned myo-cardium. IN contrast, dobutamine affects neither direct coronary vascular tone nor E?? regardless of ische-mia and reperfusion injury. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 207~221)

The Impact of Inflammation Grade of Liver Histology on the Improvement of Liver Stiffness Assessed by Transient Elastography

( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Ki Tae Suk ),( Dong Joon Kim ),( Kwanh-hyub Han ),( Seung Up Kim ),( 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Transient elastography (TE; Fibroscan) is now almost indispensable tool to estimate liver fibrosis. Although many clinical factors are known as confounding factors of liver stiffness (LS), there is no knowledge of who will achieve an improvement of liver stiffness if they have a similar liver fibrosis stage. The aim of this study is to see whether baseline hepatic inflammation may affect accurate LS measurement and which factors are associated with improvement of LS in Fibroscan. Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive 678 patients who underwent baseline liver biopsy and sequential LS assessment from 2006 to 2016 at 6 tertiary hospitals in Korea. Liver fibrosis and inflammation were graded on the basis of standard guideline proposed by the Korean Study Group for the Pathology of Digestive Diseases. LS measurement was performed at baseline and 1, 3, 5 years. Improvement of LS was defined as decreased LS value compared with baseline. Logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with improvement of LS in Fibroscan. Results: Mean age of the patients was 47.12±12.25 years and 48.5% were male. Six hundred 2 patients had viral hepatitis (419 HBV; 183 HCV), 76 non-viral hepatitis. Fibrosis stages 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 were identified in 13 (1.9%), 96 (14.2%), 132 (19.5%), 186 (27.4%) and 251 (37.0%) patients, inflammation grade 0, 1, 2 and 3 were in 28 (4.1%), 278 (14.0%), 279 (41.2%), and 93 (13.7%), respectively. Baseline inflammation grade was correlated with baseline LSM value, and showed linear correlation with ΔLSM. In addition, as the grade of inflammation increased, the higher percentage of patients showed improvement of LSM. A multivariate analysis showed that higher degree of hepatic inflammation was an independent good predictor for LS improvement (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-9.26; P=0.021) after adjustment for fibrosis stage, platelet count, total bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase level. The association of LSM and hepatic inflammation was more significant in viral hepatitis compared with non-viral etiology. Conclusions: Baseline hepatic inflammation has significant impact on LS value and improvement of LSM, and should be considered as one of the confounding factors of measuring liver stiffness using Fibroscan.

Correlation of the grade of hepatic steatosis between controlled attenuation parameter and ultrasound in patients with fatty liver: a multi-center retrospective cohort study

Jeong-Ju Yoo,유양재,Woo Ram Moon,김승업,Soung Won Jeong,박하나,Min Gyu Park,Jae Young Jang,Su Yeon Park,김범경,박준용,김도영,안상훈,한광협,Sang Gyune Kim,Young Seok Kim,Ji Hoon Kim,Jong Eun Yeon,Kwan Soo Byun 대한내과학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.35 No.6

Background/Aims: The controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), based on transient elastography, is widely used for noninvasive assessment of the degree of hepatic steatosis (HS). We investigated the correlation of the degree HS between CAP and ultrasound (US) in patients with HS. Methods: In total, 986 patients with US-based HS who underwent transient elastography within 1 month were evaluated. The US-based grade of HS was categorized as mild (grade 1), moderate (grade 2), or severe (grade 3). Results: The CAP was significantly correlated with the US-based grade of HS (r = 0.458, p < 0.001). The median CAP value of each US-based HS grade showed a positive correlation with grade (271.1, 303.7, and 326.7 dB/m for grades 1, 2, and 3). In a multivariate analysis, the US-based HS grade, body mass index, serum albumin, alanine aminotransferase, and total cholesterol, and liver stiffness were all significantly correlated with the CAP value (all p < 0.05). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for grade 2 to 3 and grade 3 HS were 0.749 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.714 to 0.784) and 0.738 (95% CI, 0.704 to 0.772). The optimal cut-off CAP values to maximize the sum of the sensitivity and specificity for grade 2 to 3 and grade 3 HS were 284.5 dB/m (sensitivity 78.6%, specificity 61.7%) and 298.5 dB/m (sensitivity 84.6%, specificity 55.6%). Conclusions: The correlation of the degree of HS between CAP and US was significantly high in patients with HS, and the optimal cut-off CAP values for grade 2 to 3 and grade 3 HS were 284.5 and 298.5 dB/m.

The Role of Urinary Biomarkers in Cirrhotic Patients with Acute Kidney Injury: Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study

( Jeong-Ju Yoo ),( Jung Hyun Kwon ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Soon Woo Nam ),( Ji Won Park ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Chang Wook Kim ),( Seung Kak Shin ),( Young Eun Chon ),( Eun-Sun Jang ),( Sook-Hyang Jeong ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Current AKI criteria using serum creatinine (Cr) has some limitations to predict reversibility of renal function and discriminate renal parenchymal injury in cirrhotic patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether urine biomarkers [N-acetyl-ß-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG)] can predict survival and response to terlipressin in cirrhotic patients with AKI. Methods: Two hundred sixty two cirrhotic patients who developed AKI were prospectively enrolled from 11 tertiary medical centers in Korea during 2016 to 2019. AKI was defined as increase in serum Cr (SCr) of 0.3mg/dL or 50% increase of baseline in SCr according to guideline. The patients with SCr ≥ 2.5 mg/dL were diagnosed as hepatorenal syndrome (HRS-AKI) and treated with terlipressin plus albumin. Urine and blood samples were collected at the diagnosis of AKI and/or HRS. Results: The mean MELD score was 25.27 ± 9.11, and mean SCr was 2.27 ± 0.87 mg/dL. The baseline urine NAG (AKI stage I, 17.22 ± 24.66 mg/dL; stage II, 32.12 ± 52.71 mg/dL; stage III, 53.23 ± 63.28 mg/dL, P<0.001) increased as the baseline AKI stage increased. Urine NAG level was significantly lower in survival group than who underwent death or transplant in 3-months (22.34 ± 36.73 mg/dL vs. 38.80 ± 55.90 mg/dL, P=0.005). In multivariate analysis, urine NAG was a significant risk factor for 3-month transplant free survival (TFS), especially in patients with Child-Pugh class ≤ B or MELD < 24. However, urine NAG did not predict the response to terlipressin or recovery of renal function. Conclusions: Urine NAG is strongly associated with severity of AKI in patients with liver cirrhosis and may be helpful to predict 3-months TFS in these patients.

Inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ prevents high glucose-induced proliferation and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells

Jeong, In-Kyung,Oh, Da-Hee,Park, Seung-Joon,Kang, Ja-Heon,Kim, Sun-Shin,Lee, Myung-Shik,Kim, Myung-Jun,Hwang, Yoo-Chul,Ahn, Kyu-Jeong,Chung, Ho-Yeon,Chae, Min-Kyung,Yoo, Hyung-Joon Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bion 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.12

Recent epidemiologic studies clearly showed that early intensive glucose control has a legacy effect for preventing diabetic macrovascular complications. However, the cellular and molecular processes by which high glucose leads to macrovascular complications are poorly understood. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction due to high glucose is a characteristic of diabetic vascular complications. Activation of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) may play a key role in the regulation of inflammation and proliferation of VSMCs. We examined whether VSMC proliferation and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression induced by high glucose were mediated by NF-${\kappa}B$ activation. Also, we determined whether selective inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ would inhibit proliferation and PAI-1 expression in VSMCs. VSMCs of the aorta of male SD rats were treated with various concentrations of glucose (5.6, 11.1, 16.7, and 22.2 mM) with or without an inhibitor of NF-${\kappa}B$ or expression of a recombinant adenovirus vector encoding an $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ mutant (Ad-$I{\kappa}B{\alpha}M$). VSMC proliferation was examined using an MTT assay. PAI-1 expression was assayed by real-time PCR and PAI-1 protein in the media was measured by ELISA. NF-${\kappa}B$ activation was determined by immunohistochemical staining, NF-${\kappa}B$ reporter assay, and immunoblotting. We found that glucose stimulated VSMC proliferation and PAI-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner up to 22.2 mM. High glucose (22.2 mM) alone induced an increase in NF-${\kappa}B$ activity. Treatment with inhibitors of NF-${\kappa}B$ such as MG132, PDTC or expression of Ad-$I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}M$ in VSMCs prevented VSMC proliferation and PAI-1 expression induced by high glucose. In conclusion, inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ activity prevented high glucose-induced VSMC proliferation and PAI-1 expression.

CONSTANS activates SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 through FLOWERING LOCUS T to promote flowering in Arabidopsis.

Yoo, Seung Kwan,Chung, Kyung Sook,Kim, Joonki,Lee, Jeong Hwan,Hong, Sung Myun,Yoo, Seong Jeon,Yoo, So Yeon,Lee, Jong Seob,Ahn, Ji Hoon American Society of Plant Physiologists 2005 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY - Vol.139 No.2

<P>CONSTANS (CO) regulates flowering time by positively regulating expression of two floral integrators, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 (SOC1), in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). FT and SOC1 have been proposed to act in parallel pathways downstream of CO based on genetic analysis using weak ft alleles, since ft soc1 double mutants showed an additive effect in suppressing the early flowering of CO overexpressor plants. However, this genetic analysis was inconsistent with the sequential induction pattern of FT and SOC1 found in inducible CO overexpressor plants. Hence, to identify genetic interactions of CO, FT, and SOC1, we carried out genetic and expression analyses with a newly isolated T-DNA allele of FT, ft-10. We found that ft-10 almost completely suppressed the early flowering phenotype of CO overexpressor plants, whereas soc1-2 partially suppressed the phenotype, suggesting that FT is the major output of CO. Expression of SOC1 was altered in gain- or loss-of-function mutants of FT, whereas expression of FT remained unchanged in gain- or loss-of-function mutants of SOC1, suggesting that FT positively regulates SOC1 to promote flowering. In addition, inactivation of FT caused down-regulation of SOC1 even in plants overexpressing CO, indicating that FT is required for SOC1 induction by CO. Taken together, these data suggest that CO activates SOC1 through FT to promote flowering in Arabidopsis.</P>