Effect of Feeding Diets Containing an Antibiotic, a Probiotic, or Yucca Extract on Growth and Intestinal Urease Activity in Broiler Chicks

여진모,김규일 濟州大學校 農科大學 動物科學硏究所 1997 動物科學論叢 Vol.12 No.1

A 6-wk study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding diets containing an antibiotic, a probiotic, or yucca extract on daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and urease activity and ammonia production in intestinal contents of broiler chicks. Four replicates of 10 broiler chicks (average body weight, 48g) each were assigned to a control or diets containing 0.1% chloroxytetracycline (antibiotic), 0.l% Lactobacillus casei (probiotic), or 0.2% yucca extract. Feeding a diet containing the probiotic significantly (P < 0.05) increased average daily gain during the first 3-wk period compared to the control (30.7 vs 28.7 g). This increase was partly accounted for by increased feed intake. During the first 3 rvk, feeding the diet containing probiotic significantly (P < 0.05) decreased urease activity (per gram of collected contents) in small intestinal contents but not in large intestinal contents, compared with the control Urease activity determined at 6 wk of age was not significantly affected by diet. Our studies indicate that dietary probiotic decreases urease activity in the small intestinal contents of young chicks and thus may be beneficial for improving animal health and growth, especially during early life.

6-(3,4-디클로로페닐)아미노-7-클로로-5,8-퀴놀린디온의 항진균작용 및 안전성 평가

윤여표,김동현,이병무,허문영,정해문,강혜영,최정아,김도희,유충규 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

6-(3.4-Dichlorophenyl)amino-7-chloro-5.8-quinolinedione (RCK50) was tested for antifungal activities in mice systemically infected with Candida albicans. The therapeutic potential of RCK50 was also assessed in comparison with ketoconazole. RCK50 had ED_50 0.22±0.01 ㎎/㎏. Ketoconazole as a positive control had ED_50 6.00±1.70 ㎎/㎏. Intraperitoneally administered RCK50 at the ED_50 for 7 days and 14 days reduced Candida albicans colony count in the kidneys and liver. And administered RCK50 at the ED_50 for 14 days improved survival rates. The genotoxicities of RCK50 had been evaluated. RCK50 was negative in Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium and chromosomal aberration test in CHL cells. RCK50 did not show any clastogenic effect in mouse peripheral blood and was negative in mouse micronucleus assay. These results indicate that RCK50 has no genotoxic potential under these experimental conditions. Acute oral toxicity studies of RCK50 were carried out in ICR mice of both sexes. RCK50 did not show acute oral toxicities and LD_50 values were over 2.850 ㎎/㎏ in ICR mice.

특발성 혈소판감소성 자반증 환자에서 발생된 그레이브스병 1예

김여주,이규택,김상진,김휘준 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

The autoimmune nature of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) and Graves' disease has been well established. In both disease, circulating immunoglobulins are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis and transplacental transfer of both disease is the ultimate proof of the importance of the humoral mechanism involved. Because of the tendency of autoimmune disease to cluster in the same individual or members of the same family, simultaneous incidence of ITP and Graves' disease is to be expected. However, in clinical practice, it has been described only rare. Therefore, we report here the case of a patient suffering sequentially from ITP and Geaves' disease with the literature.

사망 진단서(시체 검안서) 작성의 문제점

김규석,임용수,이중의,서길준,윤여규,어은경,염석란,정연권,이윤성 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Background: This study was conducted to analyze the current problems in completing death certificates and to identify the correct method for completing death certificates Methods: We reviewed 262 death certificates in three hospitals from March 1 to April 30, 2000, and 119 death certificates in one hospital from March 1 to 31, 2000. We identified major and minor errors and analyzed and compared them retrospectively. Results: A total of 381 death certificates were reviewed: 59 in Seoul National University Hospital,101 in Ewha Woman's University Hospital, and 102 in Gachon Medical College Hospital, which has no education program for completing death certificates in postgraduate training, and 119 in Samsung Medical Center which has an education program for completing death certificates. 358 certificates(94.0%) had at least one error. There were only 23 death certificates(6.0%) without an error. In 182 cases(47.8%), there was one major error. In 321 death certificates(84.3%), there were more than two errors. A comparison of Samsung Medical Center with the other hospitals showed that the number of total errors was statistically different(p=0.001). Conclusion: There were few death certificates without an error in this study. In a hospital which has postgraduate training in completing death certificates, there are fewer errors than in other hospitals which have no training course. Emergency physicians actually certify many deaths, so they must know the correct method of completing death certificates for statistics on morbidity and mortality.

韓國産 野生油脂 植物의 디-젤機關 代替燃料 開發에 관한 硏究

崔圭洪,李麗夏,趙台煥,洪性珏 建國大學校附設 農業資源開發硏究所 1982 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

本 硏究는 國內에 自生하는 木本植物의 種實油로서 디젤 및 石油엔진의 代替에너지로 쓸 수 있는지를 調査하기 위해 시도되었다. 운향科, 대극科, 국화科 및 콩科에 속하는 몇몇 植物의 採油量과 代替에너지로서의 品質을 調査하였고, 아울러 採油하고 남은 油粕이 動物飼料로서 쓰일 수 있을지도 硏究하였다. 上記한 種實油 중 輕油 및 石油에 쉽게 溶解되는 쉬나무의 種實油만이 엔진試驗에 쓰일 수 있었다. 本 實驗에서 種實油는 輕油 및 石油와 0%∼100%까지 여러 단계의 比率로 혼합 사용되었으며, 이로써 엔진始動試驗, 最大出力, 全荷重 및 過荷重에서의 燃料消費率, 調速性能, 無負荷回轉數 그리고 排氣가스 내의 炭火水素(HC)와 一酸化炭素(CO)의 量을 측정하였다. 本 實驗의 結果는 다음과 같다. 1) 種實油의 含量은 쉬나무의 경우 40%이고, 예덕나무 41%, 산초나무 38.5%, 주엽나무 2.3%였다. 예덕나무와 산초나무의 種實油는 採油한 후, 곧 固化되어 輕油 및 石油에 溶解되지 않았다. 쉬나무의 種實油만이 輕油 및 石油에 잘 녹았으므로 이로써 엔진試驗을 實施하였다. 2) 輕油와 쉬나무 種實油의 比重은 각각 0.840과 0.932였다. 輕油와 種實油의 混合油의 比重은 混合比가 커질수록 낮아졌다. 이를 디젤엔진에 사용해 본 結果는 다음과 같다. ① 最大出力은 常用回轉數 2,400rpm에서 D.C. Dynanometer로 測定한 바 種實油 0%의 경우 6ps였고, 30% 種實油는 6.2ps, 50% 種實油는 6.55ps, 70% 種實油는 6.7ps, 90% 種實油는 6.6ps였다. ② 4/4 全負荷의 경우, 燃料消費率은 種實油 100%의 경우 239g/ps-hr로 최소였으며 30% 種實油는 250g/ps-hr, 0% 種實油는 253g/ps-hr, 50% 種實油는 256g/ps-hr, 90% 種實油는 257g/ps-hr 그리고 70% 種實油는 258g/ps-hr이었다. 11/10 過負荷의 경우 種實油 90%의 경우 251g/ps-hr로 최소였으며, 70% 種實油는 253g/ps-hr, 30% 種實油는 259g/ps-hr 50% 種實油는 261g/ps-hr, 0% 種實油는 279g/ps-hr 그리고 100% 種實油는 281g/ps-hr이었다. ③ 調速性能比는 種實油 0%의 경우 6%인데 비해, 種實油 30∼100%에 있어서는 5∼5.7%였다. 安定速度變動率은 種實油 0%의 경우 5%인데 비해, 種實油 30∼100%에 있어서는 1.9∼5.5%였다. 일반적으로 混合油는 순수한 디젤油에 비해 뛰어난 調速性能을 나타냈다. ④ 無負荷回轉時 엔진시험에 사용된 모든 燃料는 공히 高速 3.030rpm, 低速 600rpm으로 꼭 같았다. ⑤ 排氣가스內의 HC(ppm) 및 CO(%)의 양을 측정한 바 種實油 0%의 경우 各各 800ppm과 0.05%였고, 30% 種實油는 500ppm과 0.04%, 50% 種實油는 500ppm과 0.03%, 70% 種實油는 500ppm과 0.03%, 90% 種實油는 450ppm과 0.03% 그리고 100% 種實油의 경우는 400ppm과 0.02%를 나타내었다. ⑥ 엔진始動이 可能한 潤滑油 溫度는 種實油 0%의 경우 -10℃였고, 50% 種實油는 -5℃, 70% 種實油는 -2℃, 90% 種實油는 3℃ 그리고 100% 種實油의 경우 5℃였다. 그러나 暖機運轉 後에는 모든 경우에 있어서 外氣溫度 -10℃에서도 始動이 可能하였다. 3) 石油의 比重은 0.785였고, 쉬나무 種實油와 混合油의 比重은 種實油의 混合比가 커질수록 증가하였다. 石油엔진의 경우 種實油 10%의 混合油로 엔진始動이 可能하였으나 plug의 汚損이 심했다. 繼續運轉時 plug에 堆積된 炭素 때문에 pre-ignition 및 knocking 現象이 일어났다. 種實油 20%의 경우 不完全燃燒로 인해 back fire現象이 일어나고 muffler에서 火焰이 生成되며 knocking 現象이 심하게 나타났다. 種實油 30%의 경우 엔진은 겨우 始動되지만 種實油가 氣化器의 main nozzle, air bleed jet 및 slow nozzle에 붙어서 심함 hunting 現象이 일어나고 엔진이 停止되었다. 4) 採油하고 남은 쉬나무의 油粕은 24%의 蛋白質을 含有하여 動物飼料로써 이용될 수 있는 可能性을 보였다. 이상의 結果에서 보듯이 쉬나무의 種實油는 石油엔진에는 쓰일 수 없으나 디젤엔진의 代替에너지로는 훌륭할 것으로 思慮된다. To know the possibility of fuel substitution for diesel and kerosene engine with the seed oil from the woody plants native in Korea, the seed oil from Rutaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Compositae and Leguminosae was collected and examined in terms of the quantity and quality of the seed oil as the fuel substitute. The feasibility of animal feed substitution with the residuals after the oil extraction was also considered. Because of the solubility of the seed oil into diesel and kerosene, only the Evodia seed oil was used for the engine test. The seed oil was mixed with diesel or kerosene at the various ratioes; 0% to 100%, and the following tests were done; the engine starting, the maximum out-put, the fuel consumption rate each at the normal and over-loading condition, the governer performance, the rpm at the unloading condition and the content of hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) in the burned gas of the diesel and the kerosene engine. The following results were obtained. 1) The content of seed oil was 40% of the dry weight of the seeds with Evodia daniellii Hemsley, 41% with Mallotus japonicus Muell.-Arg., 38.5% with Zanthoxylum schinifolium S. et Z., 2.3% with Gleditsia japonica var. koraiensis(Nak.) Nakai. The seed oil from Mallotus japonicus and Zanthoxylum schinifolium became hard and was not soluble to diesel and kerosene. The seed oil from Evodia daniellii was easily soluble both to diesel and kerosene, so that the engine test was done only with the Evodia seed oil. 2) The specific gravity of diesel and the Evodia seed oil was 0.840 and 0.932 respectively. The mixed seed oil with diesel had proportionally lower specific gravity as the mixing percent increased. The following results were obtained with diesel engine. a) The maximum output of the diesel engine measured by D.C. Motoring Dynanometer at the 2400rpm of normal revolution was 6ps with the 0% seed oil, 6.2ps with the 30%, 6.55ps with the 50%, 6.7ps with the 70%, 6.6ps with the 90% and 6.6ps with the 100% seed oil. b) The rate of fuel consumption at the 4/4 normal loading was 239g/ps-hr with the 100%seed oil which had the least rate among the treatments and 250g/ps-hr with the 30%, 253/ps-hr with the 0%, 256g/ps-hr with the 50%, 257g/ps-hr with the 90%, 258g/ps-hr with the 70%. The consumption rate at the 11/10 overloading was 251g/ps-hr with the 90% seed oil which had the least rate, and 253g/ps-hr with the 70%, 259g/ps-hr with the 30%, 261g/ps-hr with the 50%, 279g/ps-hr with the 0% and 281g/ps-hr with the 100%. c) The coefficient of fluctuation of instantaneous speed was 6% with the 0% seed oil, while 5-5.7% with the 30% to 100%. The coefficient of fluctuation of stable speed was 5% with the 0% seed oil, while 1.9-5.5.% with the 30% to 100%. In general the mixed fuel showed excellent governer performance as compared with the pure diesel. d) Revolution at the unloading condition was 3030rpm at high speed, 600rpm at low speed in all combinations of oil-diesel mixture. e) The concentration of hydrocarbon(ppm) and carbon monoxide(%) was respectively 800ppm and 0.05% in the 0% seed oil, 500ppm and 0.04% in the 30%, 500ppm and 0.03% in the 50%, 500ppm and 0.03% in the 70%, 450ppm and 0.03% in the 90%, 400 ppm and 0.02% in the 100%. f) The lowest engine oil temperature at which the engine can start was -10℃ with the 0% seed oil, -5℃ with the 50%, -2℃ with the 70%, 3℃ with the 90% and 5℃ with the 100%. However, in case of using prewarmed engine, there were no difficulties in starting engine with all combination of oil at the air temperature of -10℃. 3) The specific gravity of kerosene was 0.785 and that of the mixture with the Evodia seed oil increased as the percentage of the seed oil increased. The kerosene engine was able to start with the 10% seed oil kerosene, but the plug was easily contaminated. On the continuous running, the pre-ignition and knocking occured because of the carbon accumulation at plug. With the 20% seed oil, incomplete combustion caused back fire, flame and knocking at the muffler. With the 30% seed oil, the engine was able to start with difficulties and the seed oil which sticked on the main nozzle, air bleed jet and slow nozzle in the carburetor caused serious hunting and the engine stopped. 4) The protein content of the Evodia seed residuals after the oil extraction was 24%, suggesting that could be used as animal feed. The above results suggested that the seed oil from Evodia daniellii can not be used in the kerosene engine but excellent fuel substitute in the diesel engine.

갑상선 종양에서 thrombin receptor (PAR-1)의 발현 양상

박지영,목지오,김여주,박형규,김철희,변동원,서교일,유명희,조현득,오미혜,김상진 순천향의학연구소 2006 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.12 No.2

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稻熱病 抵抗性에 關한 硏究

金明運,盧愼圭,白壽鳳,李成泰,任文淳,朴澤奎,李麗夏 건국대학교 1974 學術誌 Vol.17 No.1

This study was made to investigate the degree of rice blast disease developing in various plants and also the relationship between the disease developing and the amount of content of nutrients in rice plants which were differently dressed. Possibility for culture of rice-blast race was studied and the structure of infected leaves were observed by electron microscope. 1) The varieties sampled, Pung-kwang, Jin-heung, Pal-tal, Pung-ok and Tong-il, were seeded and cultivated in pots. When fifth or sixth leaf emerged, the races of blast T,C,N were innoculated in all varieties. In dressing test Pung-ok, which leas susceptible to blast, was dressed with nitrogen fertilizer in ordinary and twofold and in none-dressing or dressing of silicon fertilizer. When the fifth or sixth leaf was appeared, races T, C, N was innoculated in each varieties of pot. In all experiment the degree of infection was checked out according to the order of leaf, and at the same time, the relationship between the degree of disease developing and the contents of nutrients by determining the total nitrogen, total sugar, phosphoric acid, kalium, silicon dioxide soluble nitrogen and soluble sugar was studied. The occurance of symptom was relatively frequent in upper primary or secondary leaf in all varieties regardless of the kind of fertilizers or their dressing amount. Comparing the occurrencies of disease development in examined varieties, Jin heung was lowest and Pung-ok was highest, while Tong-il was completely free from the infection of the disease. The race T-type attacked most seriously the varieties of Jin-heung, Pal-Tal and Pung-kwang except Pung-ok, C-type was moderate and N-type was very weak in Pung-ok. In the amount of dressing, the occurance of disease was very rare in the rice plant of N-ordinary-silicon fertilizer dressed and frequent in that of nitrogen fertilizer-twofold-and-silicon fertilizer none dressed. The disease developing differed with the races, indicating T-type was most poweful, C-type moderate while N-type was weak. In the interaction between the contents of nutrients in riceplant and the degree of disease developing, Pung-ok, which was very abundant in nitrogen, phosporic acid, glutamic acid, asp artic acid glutamine, asparagine, cystine, serine and sucrose but little in sugar, kalium and silicondioxide, was most susceptible to the disease. Jin-heung, resistant one, was opposite to Pung-ok in all aspects. As a result there was a correlation between the kind or amount of nutrients in rice plant and the disease attack. According to the amount of dressed fertilizer, the rice plant dressed in N-twofold and silicon dioxide none dressed had the larger amounts of total nitrogen, phosphoric acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and gldtamine but little in sugar and silicon dioxide contents. While in the rice plant dressed with N-ordinary and silicon fertilizer. the tendancy of disease occuring was low respectively. 2) The study on the cultivation of race T,C,N in the media added such organic acid as succinic acid, valeric acid, malic acid, ketoglutaric acid and such phenolic chlorogenic acid and salicylic acid was made. The result of which was as follow: ① There were no differences in growth of T,C,N type races. ② In the media added organic acid the growth was favorable. ③ In the media added chlorogenic acid the growth was promoted but in the one added salicylic acid the growth was inhibited. 3) The morphological changes of the infected waves alls the structure of hypha of blast which had penetrated into the leaf cell of Pung-ok, which was susceptible one to the disease, was observed by electric microscope. The following facts were found. ① In healthy leaves normal nucleus, mitohcondria, chloroplast, entoplasmic reticulum, vacuole and cytoplasm, especially round substances, were chearly observed by electron microspcope. ② In the infected leaves, the space of the nucleus double memberance was enlarged, and some of the nucleu walls were destroyed. The thinlayer structure of glanalamelae in lamela system was enlarged, somewhere spates were appeared while stromas were disappeared. In mitochondria the spaces of the double membrance were enlarged. ③ Cytoplasm of cell which were attacked by hypha was completely destroyed and the hypha lost their normal structure. ④ In the structure of hypha which penetrated into the cell wall of epidermis, nucleus, mitochondria, round ectoplasmic reticulum, vacuole and substances were clearly observed.

Pefloxacin이 난치성 외과적 감염에 미치는 영향

배재문,박규주,윤여규,김진복 대한화학요법학회 1990 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.8 No.2

Resistance of bacterial pathogens to antibiotics is a problem that increases from year to year often resulting from indiscriminate use of β-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides. Pefloxacine, a new quinolone derivative, has been shown to have a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity with less resistance. In order to evaluate their efficacy and safety in surgical patients, 30 patients (24 patients with postoperative wound infection, 6 patients with postoperative sepsis) were given pefloxacin 400㎎ bid i.v. for 5 days. The results of treatments are as follows: 1. Overall efficacy of pefloxacine was 96.6% 2. In all but 3 of 19 patients with documented initial pathogen, bacteriologic eradication of the pathogen were achieved(84.2%) 3. Hematologic and biochemical assays performed before, during, and 5 days after pefloxacin did not reveal any adverse effects. 4. Side effects of pefloxacine were observed in 5 (16.6%) patients. 4 patients had nausea, and 1 patients had urticaria, The side effects were usually mild except in 1 patients who had to discontinue pefloxacine due to severe hausea. It can be concluded that pefloxacine is a safe and effective antibiotics that can be used in surgical patients with complicated infections.

노령에서 고관절 골절에 영향을 주는 수상전 요인

김종오,윤여헌,고영도,유재두,정준모,방한천,강규복 대한골절학회 2002 대한골절학회지 Vol.15 No.4

목 적 : 노령에서 고관절골절의 여러 원인적 요인들과 상관관계를 분석, 그 연관성에 대해 알아 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2001년 1월부터 2002년 5월까지 대퇴 고관절 골절로 본원에서 치료받은 환자중 60세 이상이고 골밀도 검사를 시행받은 158례를 대상으로, 수상전 요인을 나이, 성별, 흡연여부, 비만정도, 골절종류, 수상장소, 다른 이환 질환, 골절전 활동도, 골밀도 검사, 수상당시 바닥의 경도, 수상당시 넘어진 방향, 수상에너지에 따라 대퇴 경부골절과 전자간 골절, 전자간 골절중 안정골절과 불안정 골절로 나눠 비교하였다. 결 과 : 80세 이상의 군에서 대퇴 전자간 골절이 대퇴 경부 골절에 비해 의미있게 많이 발생했음을 알 수 잇었으며(p<0.001) 환자의 수상전 활동정도의 비교에서도 활동정도가 낮았던 군에서 대퇴 전자간 골절이 의미있게 많이 발생하였다(p<0.001). 골밀도 검사에 따른 비교에서는 T-score -3.0 이하인 군에서 대퇴 전자간 골절이 많았으며(p<0.005), 수상에너지에 따른 비교에서는 적은 에너지에 의한 골절이 전자간 골절에서 많았다(p<0.05). 대퇴 전자간 골절은 안정 골절과 비안정 골절로 나눈 비교에서는 사회 활동이 어려운 ADL C이하의 군과(p<0.05), 골밀도 T-score -3.0 이하인군에서는 의미있는 차이를 보였다(p<0.001). 결 론 : 노령에서의 고관절 골절 중 80세 이상의 고령에서, 골밀도 T-score -3.0 이하인 경우, 일상생활 활동정도가 낮은 경우에, 비교적 적은 에너지에 의한 충격시에 대퇴 전자간 골절의 발생이 대퇴 경부 골절에 비해 의미있게 많았고 전자간 골절에서 불안정 골절은 사회활동이 적고 골밀도 T-score -3.0 이하인 경우 많음을 알수 있었다. Purpose : We studied the co-relation on the causes of the hip fracture through the analysis of a relevance on the etiological factors as increased incidence according increasing old age. Materials and Methods : Total 158 cases that treated on the hip fracture from 2001 Jan. to 2002 May were studied. The parameters were age, gender, smoking, obesity, type of fracture, place of fracture, other comorbidity, activity of daily living, bone marrow densitometry, hardness of floor, orientation, injury energy. And then, we analysis of difference between femur neck fracture and femur intretrochanter fracture and between stable femur intertrochanter fracture and unstable femur intertrochanter fracture. Results : The incidence of the femoral intertrochanteric fracture was larger significantly than that of the femoral neck fracture in the older then 80(p<0.001). On the comparison of the pre-fractural activity of daily living, the group revealed lower activity had larger incidence of femoral intertrochateric fracture(p<0.001). Also, the femoral intertrochanteric fracture was more larger osteoporosis patient group(p<0.005), and lower energy trauma(p<0.05). In a unstable femoral intertrochanteric fracture, 21 cases(77.7%) of total 27 cases were belong to the group of the activity of daily living scale below C(p<0.05), 24 cases pf 27 cases were belong to the osteoporosis patient who was estimated below -3.0 on T-score(p<0.001). Conclusion : In the hip fracture of the elderly patients, the femoral intertrochanteric fracture is more prevalance ratherthe femoral neck fracture on the cases of older patient more than 80 year-old, lower activity of daily living scale, lower T-score less than -3.0 on BMD, lower energy trauma. Also, in femur intertrochanter fracture, unstable fracture is more common in low daily activity and owteoporosis.

은행잎 추출물이 협심증 환자의 내피 세포 기능에 미치는 장단기 효과

배장호,김기식,이인규,김여희,김민수,김기영,남창욱,김윤년,김권배,정시전 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.9