Isolation and enzymatic characterization of the first reported hyaluronidase from Yak (Bos grunniens) testis

Ru-ren Li,Qun-li Yu,Ling Han,Liang-yan Rong,Meng-meng Yang,Mai-rui An 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.11

A novel hyaluronidase (BgHya1) from Yak testis was isolated and shown to have compara-tively high activity on sodium hyaluronate. However, surveys on BgHya1 are still limited. The enzyme was purifiedthrough gel filtration on Sephacryl S-100 and cation-exchange on SP Sepharose fast flow; the purity was confirmedby a reverse phase FPLC Shodex C4 column. The specific activity of the purified BgHya1 was 20.4 U/mg assayed bythe colorimetric method against 0.85 U/mg for the crude enzyme, representing a 24-fold purification. It was a monomericprotein of 55 kDa estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and SephacrylS-200. It exhibited maximum activity in the presence of 0.15 M NaCl at 37 oC, pH 3.8, and a specificity to sodiumhyaluronate higher than that of chondroitin-4-sulfate, chondroitin-6-sulfate, and dermatan. The Km value for BgHya1,using sodium hyaluronate as substrate, was 0.106 mg/mL. Activity of BgHya1 was inhibited mildly by Ca2+and Fe2+,and significantly by Fe3+, Mg2+, EDTA, urea, heparin, and 0.5 M NaCl. It was not affected by Cu2+,Zn2+,Co2+, ascorbicacid, PMSF, DTT, glutathione (reduced), or L-cysteine. BgHya1 was shown to be heat unstable in the range of 4-45 oC. In terms of storage stability, 92% of the activity was retained after four weeks at 4 oC, and 58% at room temperature. In addition, adding BSA (1.0 mg/mL) to the enzyme sample prior to freezing resulted in complete retention of enzymeactivity. This work yielded a high purity hyaluronidase, the first one isolated from by-product.

Gene Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of a Novel β-Mannanase from Bacillus circulans CGMCC 1416

( Yan An Li ),( Pei Long Yang ),( Kun Meng ),( Ya Ru Wang ),( Hui Ying Luo ),( Ning Feng Wu ),( Yun Liu Fan ),( Bin Yao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.1

A DNA fragment containing 2,079 base pairs from Bacillus circulans CGMCC 1416 was cloned using degenerate PCR and inverse PCR. An open reading frame containing 981 bp was identified that encoding 326 amino acids residues, including a putative signal peptide of 31 residues. The deduced amino acid sequence showed the highest identity (68.1%) with endo-β-1,4-D-mannanase from Bacillus circulans strain K-1 of the glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5). The sequence encoding the mature protein was cloned into the pET-22b(+) vector and expressed in Escherichia coli as a recombinant fusion protein containing an N-terminal hexahistidine sequence. The fusion protein was purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography and its hexahistidine tag cleaved to yield a 31-kDa β-mannanase having a specific activity of 481.55 U/mg. The optimal activity of the purified protein, MANB48, was at 58℃ and pH 7.6. The hydrolysis product on substrate locust bean gum included a monosaccharide and mainly oligosaccharides. The recombinant MANB48 may be of potential use in the feed industry.

Delayed Strength Development of Composite Cementitious with Calcium Silicate Slag

Ru Bai,Ju Zhang,Changwang Yan,Shuguang Liu,Xiaoxiao Wang,Zhijie Yang,Hao Jing 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.6

Using pulverized calcium silicate slag (CSS) to replace part of Portland cement (PC) as composite cementitious material is the most energy-saving and clean treatment method. The main objective of this study was to investigate the delayed strength development of the CSS-PC composite cementitious. The compressive strength of the composite cementitious with 10% to 40% CSS was tested, the delayed strength was calculated, and the delayed age was analyzed. Results showed that the delayed strength and delayed age increased with the increase in the substitution rate of CSS, which was determined by the ratio of C2S and C3S. Moreover, a compressive strength prediction model of CSS–PC composite cementitious was established based on the “core-shell” hydration model. The calculated value was compared with the specification value of each country to analyze whether the compressive strength of CSS-PC composite cementitious meets the engineering requirements.

A Systematic Search for the Geometric Structures, Stabilities and Electronic Properties of Bimetallic CsAu(0,±1)n Clusters

Hu Yan-Fei,Li Qing-Yang,Zhao Ya-Ru,Jiang Gang 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.77 No.1

The geometric structures, relative stabilities, growth-pattern behaviors, and electronic properties of neutral and charged CsAun(0,±1) clusters have been systematically investigated with the general gradient approximation (GGA) exchange correlation density functional theory (TPSSTPSS) and a relativistic effective core potential, together with a vibrational frequency anslysis. The optimized geometric structures show that the ground-state structures have three-dimensional (3D) structures from n = 4 and that the doped Cs atoms tend to locate at the symmetry and surface position. One gold-atom-capped CsAun-1(0,±1) structure for CsAun(0,±1) clusters with increasing number of Au atoms is the dominant growth pattern. The total energies and the averaged atomic binding energies exhibit a sequence of CsAun- > CsAun > CsAun+, which indicates that the stability of anionic CsAun- clusters is higher than that of neutral CsAun clusters and that the CsAun clusters is more stable than the cationic CsAun+ clusters. The relative stabilities are examined based on the analysis of the averaged atomic binding energy and the second-order difference energy, and the results indicate that the CsAu3, CsAu6+ and CsAu2- clusters are the most stable clusters. Based on the analysis of the frontier molecular orbitals, we find that the CsAun(0,±1) (n = 1 - 10) clusters can more easily acquire electrons and that the loss of electrons is difficult. The highest occupied-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) gaps exhibit significant even-odd oscillation behavior. The higher gaps are exhibited by neutral CsAun clusters with odd numbers of gold atoms and ionic CsAunㅇ1 clusters with even numbers of gold atoms. Especially, the CsAu3, CsAu6+ and CsAu2- clusters have the highest HOMO-LUMO gaps, which proves again that CsAu3, CsAu6^+ and CsAu2- clusters are the most stable and the magic structures. Because of the electronegativity of Au is higher than that of the Cs atom, the charge transfers from the Cs atoms to the Aun frames in the CsAun±1 clusters. Furthermore, we have calculated the dissociation energies and found that the CsAun+ clusters have lower dissociation energies. This indicates that CsAun^+ clusters are easy to dissociate and less stable. The dissociation energies of the CsAun and the CsAun- clusters exhibit a generally opposite odd-even behavior.

Effect of Different Nanofillers on Non-Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics and Electric Conductivity of Dynamically-Vulcanized PP-EPDM Blends

Bin Yang,Lei Hu,Ru Xia,Fang Chen,Shu-Chun Zhao,Yan-Li Deng,Ming Cao,Jiasheng Qian,Peng Chen 한국고분자학회 2016 Macromolecular Research Vol.24 No.1

In this study, nanofillers composed of hydroxylated carbon nanotubes (h-CNT), carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene (GR) were separately added into the dynamically-vulcanized polypropylene (PP)/ethylene-propylenediene monomer (EPDM) blend. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and electrical resistivity measurements were employed to study the effect of nanofillers on the melt behavior, non-isothermal crystallization behavior and electrical conductivity of the prepared composites. WAXD results showed that h-CNT had a better induction effect of β-PP in the nanocomposites. The sequence of the activity in inducing the formation of β-PP was h-CNT>GR>CNT. However, the total crystallinity of the nanocomposites nearly remained constant. Non-isothermal crystallization kinetic analysis indicated that the presence of nanofillers improved the crystallization rate of the nanocomposites. The consequence of nucleation activity was as follows: CNT>GR>h-CNT. Although EPDM hindered the macromolecular motion of PP, interestingly it could increase the crystallization rate to an extent. Besides, the influence of nanofillers on enhancing the conductive property of the nanocomposites can be ranked as follow: CNT>GR>h-CNT.

Study on Crystallization Kinetics of Dynamically-Vulcanized PP/EPDM Blends

Bin Yang,Yan-Li Deng,Xia Ru,Ji-Bin Miao,Ming Cao,Jia-Sheng Qian,Li-Fen Su,Peng Chen,Jing-Wang Liu,La-Xia Wu,Tao Pang 한국고분자학회 2016 폴리머 Vol.40 No.4

Two types of β nucleating agents (β-NAs), aryl dicarboxylic acid amide (TMB-5) and diphenyl phthalate diamine (NT-C), were adopted to modify the polypropylene (PP)/ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) blends, which were prepared by dynamic-vulcanization technology. Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the crystallization kinetics of PP. Our results showed that the addition of β-NAs can considerably increase the crystallization temperature, and significantly decrease the spherulite size of β-PP (L300). The Jeziorny analysis showed there were ~82% and ~89% of relative crystallinity generated from the primary crystallization in the composites containing TMB-5 and NT-C, respectively. The crystallization half time (t0.5) showed that NT-C improved the overall crystallization rate more effectively than TMB-5. In addition, the peaks of the relative crystallization rate curves were shifted towards higher temperature by 14 and 9℃ with the addition of TMB-5 and NT-C, respectively.

A Novel Kinetic Analysis of Crystallization of Polypropylene (PP) in Dynamically-vulcanized PP/Ethylene-propylene-diene Rubber (EPDM) Blends Using an In-situ Measurement Technique

Lei Hu,Bin Yang,Yan-Li Deng,Fei-Xue Lu,Ru Xia,Zheng-Zhi Zheng,Ji-Bin Miao,Jia-Sheng Qian,Chuan-Ru Zhang,Peng Chen,Yu-Chuan Zhang 한국고분자학회 2017 폴리머 Vol.41 No.4

The effects of cooling medium temperatures and plastic/rubber ratios on solidification and crystallization kinetics of dynamically-vulcanized polypropylene/ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (PP/EPDM) blends were investigated with the aid of an in-situ measurement technique. The cooling medium temperature heavily influenced the solidification kinetics primarily due to a combination of latent heat liberated from the molten polymer and the heat transferred away via the metallic wall during the cooling period. Interestingly, the parameter C in three-parameter model was not only affected by the material properties, but also by the cooling condition, different from the previous literature. The crystallization kinetics analysis indicated that the effect of EPDM in the blends consisted of both nucleation-promoting effect (low EPDM loading) and steric effect (higher EPDM loading). The present kinetic analysis may be helpful to further studies on improving the product performances for industrial applications.

Prevalence and Age, Gender and Geographical Area Distribution of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas in North China from 1985 to 2006

Feng, Xiao-Shan,Yang, Yan-Tong,Gao, She-Gan,Ru, Yi,Wang, Gong-Ping,Zhou, Bo,Wang, Yu-Feng,Zhang, Peng-Fei,Li, Pu-Yu,Liu, Yong-Xuan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5

Objective: To establish the prevalence and distribution profile of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) over a 22-yr period in North China. Methods: Using endoscopy for primary diagnosis and histological analysis for the further confirmation, a total of 74,854 ESCC patients aged 20-89 between January 1985 and December 2006 were investigated to analyze the epidemiological profile including prevalence rates, distribution of age-of-onset, gender and geographical area of ESCC in Luoyang, the highest incidence area of North China. Results: A total of 4092 cases of ESCC were finally diagnosed among 74,854 patients who had their first endoscopies. The prevalence among males was higher than that among females (p<0.01), resulting in an overall male:female OR of 1.2 (95%CI, 1.2-1.3). The prevalence in rural areas was higher than in urban areas (p<0.01), resulting in an overall rural:urban OR of 2.6 (95%CI, 2.4-2.9). The rural:urban ORs and the 95% CI increased continuously from 2.6, 2.3-3.0 to 2.7, 2.2-3.3, respectively, for 4 consecutive periods during the 22-yr study period. Moreover, the median age of onset among females was higher than that among males (p<0.01). For both sexes and in both areas, the prevalence rates declined and the median age of onset rose for 4 consecutive periods in the 22-yrs time frame (p<0.01). Conculsions: These data reveal the epidemiological profile of ESCC in the area of North China, and suggest that urban areas and rural people account for a growing proportion of the ESCC patients although the prevalence of ESCC significantly declined and the median age-of-onset postponed over the 22-yrs period. Moreover, the prevalence status of ESCC in rural areas also underlines the need for public health initiatives aimed at reducing risk factors of this fatal disease.

Genetic Diversity for Rice Blast Management

(You Yong Zhu),(Hai Ru Chen),(Yun Yue Wang),(Zuos Hea Li),(Yan Li),(Jing Hua Fan),(Jian Bing Chen),(Jin Xiang Fan),(Shi Sheng Yang),(Guang Liang Ma),(Ling Ping Hu),(Jin Yu Zou),(Christopher C . Mundt) 한국균학회 2001 Proceedings of the Fifth Korea-China Joint Symposi Vol.- No.-

Development of Sensing Signal Transmission and System in Intelligent Field

( Wen-luh Huang ),( Shu-yu Yang ),( Wen Sheng Chen ),( Yan-ru Huang ),( Yi-chen Wu ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

There is a problem which is large manpower consumption on contract sweet potato field when measure the soil moisture, control weeds, pests and diseases currently. In addition, serious problems of aging and labor shortage are especially troublesome in domestic rural areas. Therefore, we develop a management system combined sensor, single-chip control module and real-time irrigation module to meet the needs. Throughout the wireless signal transmission, the management of operating system with instant control and output data achieves intelligent control. At present, the system has been able to collect moisture data from field and to do the corresponding treatment immediately. At the same time, upload the data to cloud, then we can monitor field in real-time. With the establishment of the database, we have been to achieve long-term or short-term analysis and management. We really hope that the result can enhance the intelligence of agricultural technology, increase farmers profits, sustain development of agriculture and keep competitiveness.