Characteristic profiles of biofilm, enterotoxins and virulence of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from dairy cows in Xinjiang Province, China

Yehui Wu,Jing Li,Mengfan Qiao,Dan Meng,Qingling Meng,Jun Qiao,Xingxing Zhang,Lixia Wang,Kuojun Cai,Jinsheng Zhang,Zaichao Zhang,Weiwei Yu,Xuepeng Cai 대한수의학회 2019 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.20 No.6

As an important zoonotic pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection has led to serious mastitis and endometritis in infected dairy cows. HereIn this study, a total of 164 strains of S. aureus were isolated from dairy cows in Xinjiang Province, China, and subjected to assays to determine of drug susceptibility and biofilm (BF) formation ability. The eEnterotoxin-related genes were detected, and then the transcription levels of genes related to BF formation were also determined by using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reactionPCR. Moreover, the pathogenicity of these isolates with different BF formation abilities was determined via by measuring their hemolysis activity, half lethal dose (LD50) and organ bacterial load, respectively. The results showed that 83.4 % of S. aureus isolates could form BF. Among them, 40.8 % of the strains had weak BF formation ability, and most strains with a strong BF formation ability were ica gene carriers. The S. aureus isolates displayed multidrug resistance and their drug resistance was positively correlated with their BF formation ability. Moreover, 96.3 % of the S. aureus isolates carried enterotoxin genes. Among them, the detection rates of the novel enterotoxin genes were higher than thoseat of conventional enterotoxin genes. Furthermore, the isolates with a strong BF formation ability had higher LD50 but lower hemolysis ability and organ bacterial load than thoseat of the isolates with weak or no BF ability. However, those isolates without BF ability caused produced more severe pathological changes than thoseat of the isolates with strong BF formation ability. These findings suggested that higher frequencies of BF ability and presence of novel enterotoxin genes were are important characteristics of S. aureus isolates from dairy cows in Xinjiang Province, China, and such isolateswhich may posed potential threats to food safety.

Complete genetic dissection and cell type-specific replication of old world alphaviruses, getah virus (GETV) and sagiyama virus (SAGV)

Zhang Yiwen,Yu Jinhan,Tan Lu,Wang Xingxing,Li Runsheng,Kim Dal Young 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.11

Getah virus (GETV), which was first isolated in Malaysia in 1955, and Sagiyama virus (SAGV), isolated in Japan in 1956, are members of the genus Alphavirus in the family Togaviridae. It is a consensus view that SAGV is a variant of GETV. In the present study, we determined the complete sequences of the prototype GETV MM2021 and SAGV M6-Mag132 genomic RNA extracted from plaque-purified viruses. The MM2021 genome was 11,692 nucleotides (nt) in length in the absence of 3 poly(A) tail, and the length of M6-Mag132 genome was 11,698 nt. Through sequence alignment of MM2021 and M6-Mag132, we located all the amino acid differences between these two strains, which were scattered in all the encoded proteins. Subsequently, we validated the close evolutionary relationship between GETV and SAGV by constructing phylogenetic trees based on either complete genomes or structural genomes. We eventually analyzed the growth kinetics of GETV and SAGV as well as other representative alphaviruses in various mammalian and insect cell lines. It was shown that human-oriented cell lines such as HEK-293T and Hela cells were relatively resistant to GETV and SAGV infection due to absence of proviral factors or species-specific barrier. On the other hand, both GETV and SAGV replicated efficiently in non-human cell lines. Our results provide essential genetic information for future epidemiological surveillance on Alphaviruses and lay the foundation for developing effective interventions against GETV and SAGV.

Mediation analysis of leisure activities on the association between cognitive function and mortality: a longitudinal study of 42,942 Chinese adults 65 years and older

Xingxing Chen,Wenfan Wu,Xian Zhang,Tingxi Long,Wenyu Zhu,Rundong Hu,Xurui Jin,Lijing L. Yan,Yao Yao 한국역학회 2022 Epidemiology and Health Vol.44 No.-

study aimed to evaluate whether leisure activities causally mediate these associations. METHODS This longitudinal study included 42,246 participants aged over 65 years from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. The Mini-Mental State Examination and a self-reported scale were used to measure cognitive status and leisure activities, respectively. We examined the associations of cognitive function and leisure activities with mortality using Cox proportional hazards models. Causal mediation analysis was used to assess whether leisure activities mediated the association between cognitive function and mortality. RESULTS Cognitive function and leisure activities were inversely associated with mortality. Leisure activities accounted for 28.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.6 to 31.1) of the total effect of cognitive function and mortality. A higher mediated proportion (PM) was observed for physical leisure activities (PM, 20.1%; 95% CI, 18.0 to 22.3) than for social leisure activities (PM, 17.7%; 95% CI, 15.7 to 19.7). The mediating effect was higher among participants at younger ages (PM, 41.5%; 95% CI, 21.3 to 65.4), those with higher education levels (PM, 30.5%; 95% CI, 25.3 to 36.2), and residents of rural China (PM, 42.5%; 95% CI, 25.4 to 62.5). CONCLUSIONS Cognitive function was associated with inverse mortality. Leisure activities significantly mediated this association. Participation in leisure activities at the early stages of mild cognitive impairment could reduce the risk of mortality, which has a major impact on interventional strategies for healthy aging.

Ordered porous TiO2 films obtained by freezing and the application in dye sensitized solar cells

Xingxing Wang,Bingchu Yang,Kechao Zhou,Dou Zhang,Zhiyou Li,Conghua Zhou 한국물리학회 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.5

TiO2 films with ordered porous structure were prepared by freezing. By simply freezing wet TiO2 film on a cold copper plate, ice crystals could grow from bottom of film. Removing such ice crystals then led to ordered, micro-sized pores in the films. With assistance of scanning electron microscopy and N2 adsorptionedesorption isotherms, micro-structural properties of the films were studied. Coarsening behavior of ice crystals was analyzed based on evolvement of the micro-structure. It was found that, both larger film thickness and longer freezing time were beneficial for the formation of ordered porous structure, which was caused by enhanced ice crystals growth. The films were then used to fabricate photoanode of dye sensitized solar cells, of which the photo-to-electric power conversion efficiency was evaluated. It was observed that, solar cell made of ordered porous TiO2 film came out with 13% larger photo-current density comparing to that made of conventional doctor blading method, which is due to the enhanced light scattering by the ordered porous structure.

Research on the Construction of Agricultural and Forestry Product Channels for Rural Revitalization

何星星(Xingxing HE),王珂(Ke WANG),糜燕(Yan MI),张松涛(Songtao ZHANG),陶婷婷(Tingting TAO),杨坤颖(Kunying YANG) Korea Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences 2023 Journal of Global Arts Studies (JGAS) Vol.1 No.1

【背景】乡村振兴其目的是为了使乡村产业兴旺、村民富裕,构建乡村数字供应链是实现宏伟目标的重要路径之一。【目的】提出乡村农林产品数字供应链建议,构建稳健可持续的数字供应链,培育乡村产业及优化产业结构,富裕乡村,实现乡村振兴。【方法】通过实地访谈村镇干部、农民、乡村企业掌握了乡村产业链发展与建设的现状及问题、农林产品消费需求,提出了以需求端为核心构建乡村农林产品数字供应链模型及元素,基于层次分析模型,计算出各要素权重,形成主次分析、层级清晰的数字供应链网络结构。【结果】构建了以龙头企业为核心,多主体协同共育,适合乡村经济发展实际的数字供应链网络、建设重点,从建设规划、数字供应链设计,再到需求可视化、种植加工数字化、专合社经营现代化、物流数字化、风险管理数字化建设方案。【结论】实践证明,数字化技术在推动乡村振兴应用价值明显,推动乡村产业转型升级、提高村民生活水平、建设美丽乡村等,实现产业、组织、人才、文化、生态的全面振兴。 [Background] The purpose of rural revitalization is to promote the prosperity of rural industries and the prosperity of villagers. Building a digital supply chain in rural areas is one of the important paths to achieve the grand goal. [Objective]To propose suggestions for the digital supply chain of rural agricultural and forestry products, build a stable and sustainable digital supply chain, cultivate rural industries and optimize industrial structure, enrich rural areas, and achieve rural revitalization.[Method] Through on-site interviews with village and town officials, farmers, and rural enterprises, had grasped the current situation and problems of the development and construction of rural industrial chains, the demand of agricultural and forestry products, with the demand sort out the digital supply chain of rural agricultural and forestry and element,, calculate the weights by Analytic Hierarchy Process model, form a digital supply chain network structure with clear primary and secondary analysis and hierarchy.[Results]We have built a digital supply chain network system with leading enterprises as the core, multi subject collaborative education, and suitable for the actual development of rural economy. We have elaborated on the key points of rural digital supply chain construction, from construction planning and digital supply chain design, to demand visualization, digitalization of planting and processing, modernization of cooperative operation, digitalization of logistics, and digitalization of risk management.[Conclusion]Practice has proven that digital technology has significant application value in promoting rural revitalization, improving the living standards of villagers, and building beautiful rural areas, achieving overall rural prosperity and achieving comprehensive revitalization of industries, organizations, talents, culture, and ecology.

Mediation analysis of leisure activities on the association between cognitive function and mortality: longitudinal study of 42,942 Chinese adults 65 years and older

Chen Xingxing,Zhang Xian,Long Tingxi,Wu Wenfan,Hu Rundong,Jin Xurui,Yan Lijing L,Yao Yao,Wenyu Zhu 한국역학회 2022 Epidemiology and Health Vol.44 No.-

OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have established associations of cognitive function and leisure activities with mortality. This study aimed to evaluate whether leisure activities causally mediate these associations. METHODS: This longitudinal study included 42,246 participants aged over 65 years from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. The Mini-Mental State Examination and a self-reported scale were used to measure cognitive status and leisure activities, respectively. We examined the associations of cognitive function and leisure activities with mortality using Cox proportional hazards models. Causal mediation analysis was used to assess whether leisure activities mediated the association between cognitive function and mortality. RESULTS: Cognitive function and leisure activities were inversely associated with mortality. Leisure activities accounted for 28.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.6 to 31.1) of the total effect (TE) of cognitive function and mortality. A higher mediated proportion (PM) was observed for physical leisure activities (PM, 20.1%; 95% CI, 18.0 to 22.3) than for social leisure activities (PM, 17.7%; 95% CI, 15.7 to 19.7). The mediating effect was higher among participants at younger ages (PM, 41.5%; 95% CI, 21.3 to 65.4), those with higher education levels (PM, 30.5%; 95% CI, 25.3 to 36.2), and residents of rural China (PM, 42.5%; 95% CI, 25.4 to 62.5). CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive function was associated with inverse mortality. Leisure activities significantly mediated this association. Participation in leisure activities at the early stages of mild cognitive impairment could reduce the risk of mortality, which has a major impact on interventional strategies for healthy aging.

China’s North Korea Policy in Xi Jinping’s 1<SUP>st</SUP> Administration

Zheng, Jiyong,Zhang, Wenjiang,Wang, Xingxing 계명대학교 국제학연구소 2017 국제학논총 Vol.26 No.-

Xi’s North Korea policy (from 2012-1017) is an important turning point of China’s North Korea policy. It is the new judgment which is based on China’s overall foreign policy. Although the nuke issues lead to new different situation, the geopolitical value of NK (North Korea) does not change much. From a policy view, China’s NK policy should be kept normal, equal, and correlated. Furthermore, China must make a policy of gathering, pressing, pulling and pushing from four dimensions. At the same time, China’s policy toward NK should be more innovative to make and follow more rules and regimes mechanically, to constrain NK to follow the rules, and to pursue the new power balance of the Korean peninsula.

LncRNA PVT1 influences breast cancer cells glycolysis through sponging miR-145-5p

Qu Huan,Li Xingxing,Chen Fei,Zhang Min,Lu Xun,Gu Yun,Lv Mingming,Lu Cheng 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.5

Background Long-non-coding RNA PVT1 (lncRNA PVT1) can be used as an oncogenic regulatory non-coding RNA (ncRNA) for many cancers. However, its function and mechanism in breast cancer (BRCA) are still not clearly elucidated. Objective We attempt to explain the mechanism of PVT1’s role in breast cancer from different perspectives. Methods We analyzed the expression of PVT1 and its correlation with the breast cancer related clinical data in the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We used PVT1 overexpression and knockdown lentivirus to infect breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line for cell function verification, in vitro using CCK-8 to measure proliferation, flow cytometry to measure apoptosis, transwell test to measure invasion and migration ability, detecting cell extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) to assess glycolysis metabolism and explore the biological functions of PVT1 in breast cancer cells. Transcriptome sequencing was used to analyze the changes of related genes in cells after overexpression of PVT1. In vivo we used a xenograft model to study the effect of PVT1 on breast cancer. Results PVT1 was up-regulated in breast cancer tissues and was positively correlated with the clinical stage of breast cancer patients. Overexpression of PVT1 in vitro promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted tumor growth in vivo. Knockdown of PVT1 led to the opposite biological consequence. Further bioinformatics analysis showed that PVT1 changes the glycolysis metabolism of tumors through regulation of glycolysis-related genes. In addition, the expression of miR-145-5p is negatively correlated with PVT1. We consider the possibility of PVT1 promoting cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating the aerobic glucose metabolism in breast cancer cells through sponging the miR-145-5p. Conclusion Our results reveal a potential pathway for competing endogenous RNA to regulate breast cancer glucose metabolism. PVT1 regulates glycolysis related genes expression by competitively binding to endogenous miR-145-5p in breast cancer cells to change the metabolic phenotype. This may Provide new ideas for precise molecular therapy targets for breast cancer.

Adsorption differences and mechanism of chitooligosaccharides with specific degree of polymerization on macroporous resins with different functional groups

Yanying Hou,Lujie Liu,Xingxing Zhang,Yuechao Zhu,Yongjun Qiu,Liming Zhao 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.115 No.-

Ion exchange resins are promising materials for separating chitooligosaccharides (COSs) with differentdegrees of polymerization (DP). The adsorbent functional groups significantly determine the interactionswith COSs and affect their adsorption and separation efficiency. This study investigated the adsorptionbehaviors of COSs on macroporous cation exchange resins with different functional groups to clarifythe functional group effect on the adsorption of COSs with different DP, which can also help to providea theoretical basis for the selection of separation medium and optimization of the separation technicsof COSs. The results showed that the adsorption of COSs on sulfonic-acid type resin DX-10 andcarboxylic-acid type resin DC-10 were favorable, and the adsorption isotherms were in accord withthe Sips model. Adsorption thermodynamics showed that temperature had opposite effects on the tworesins’ equilibrium adsorption capacity of COSs. The diffusion coefficient of COSs on DX-10 resin wasgreater, and the affinity gap between COSs on DX-10 resin was larger than that of DC-10 resin, whichis beneficial for improving the separation resolution of COSs. In contrast, the interaction energy betweenCOSs with high DP and DC-10 resin was weaker compared with DX-10, which made the elution of COSswith high DP easier.

Chitosan assisted synthesis of LiFePO4/Graphene/C composite and its electrochemical performance

Qiru Li, Zhufa Zhou,Xingxing Zhang,ShanShan Liu 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2016 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.17 No.5

LiFePO4/graphene/C composite was prepared using chitosan (CS) and graphene oxide (GO) as carbon sources via a facile solidstate method. CS can bond with GO through electrostatic force between amino group on CS and carboxy group on GO. Withhigh temperature treatment, GO can be reduced to graphene and CS can be decomposed into carbon. By adding chitosan,severe agglomeration of graphene can be prevented. As a result, a continuous conductive framework was formed. The goodconductivity facilitates electron migration, contributing to excellent electrochemical performance especially the high-rateperformance. Consequently, the composite LiFePO4/graphene/C exhibited higher initial discharge capacity of 145.2 mAh • g−1atthe low rate of 0.1 C and retained 62.6 mAh • g−1at high rate of 10 C, while the LiFePO4 merely coated with graphene (LFP/G) was 125.9 mAh • g−1(0.1 C) and 6.5 mAh • g−1(10 C), respectively.