Deterministic Secure Quantum Communication Without Maximally Entangled States

Xi-Han Li,Fu-Guo Deng,Chun-Yan Li,Hong-Yu Zhou,Ping Zhou,Yu-Jie Liang 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.4

Two deterministic secure quantum communication schemes are proposed, one based on pure entangled states and the other on d-dimensional single-photon states. In these two schemes, only single-photon measurements are required for the two authorized users, which makes the schemes more convenient than others in practical applications. Although each qubit can be read out after a transmission of additional classical bit, it is unnecessary for the users to transmit qubits double the distance between the sender and the receiver, which will increase their bit rate and their security. The parties use decoy photons to check eavesdropping efficiently. The obvious advantage in the first scheme is that the pure entangled source is feasible with present techniques.

Anti-inflammatory effect of hispidin on LPS induced macrophage inflammation through MAPK and JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathways

Han Ying-Hao,Chen Dong-Qin,Jin Mei-Hua,Jin Ying-Hua,Li Jing,Shen Gui-Nan,Li Wei-Long,Gong Yi-Xi,Mao Ying-Ying,Xie Dan-Ping,Lee Dong-Seok,Yu Li-Yun,Kim Sun-Uk,김지수,권태호,Cui Yu-Dong,Sun Hu-Nan 한국응용생명화학회 2020 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.63 No.3

Severe inflammatory reactions caused by macrophage activation can trigger a systemic immune response. In the present study, we observed the anti-inflammatory properties of hispidin on LPS induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Our results showed that hispidin treatment significantly reduced the production of cellular NO, IL-6 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) while has not inhibitory effect on TNF-α productions. Excitingly, hispidin treatment retains the phagocytosis ability of macrophages which enabling them to perform the function of removing foreign invaders. Signaling studies showed, hispidin treatment dramatic suppressed the LPS induced mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) and JAK/STAT activations. In conclusion, our findings suggest that hispidin may be a new therapeutic target for clinical treatment of macrophages-mediated inflammatory responses.

Effect of Template Removal on Synthesis of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Mesoporous MCM-48

Ya Nan Zhao, San Xi Li,Chong Soo Han,San Xi Li 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.10

Post-synthesis is used to synthesize organic hybrid inorganic mesoporous sieves. In this method, the activity and structure of the base sieve are crucial to obtain the definable hybrid materials. The chemical and physical properties of the base can be largely changed either by the final step of its synthesizing processes, by template removal which is accomplished with the oxidative thermal decomposition (burning) method or by solvent extraction method. In this paper we compared two methods for the post-synthesis of organic hybrid MCM-48. When the template was extracted with HCl/alcohol mixture, the final product showed larger pore size, larger pore volume and better crystallinity compared to the case of the thermal decomposition. The reactivity of the surface silanol group of template free MCM-48 was also checked with an alkylsilylation reagent CH2=CHSi(OC2H5)3. Raman and 29Si NMR spectra of MCM-48 in the test reaction indicated that more of the organic group was grafted to the surface of the sample after the template was removed with the solvent extraction method. Direct synthesis of vinyl-MCM-48 was also investigated and its characteristics were compared with the case of post-synthesis. From the results, it was suggested that the structure and chemical reactivity can be maintained in the solvent extraction method and that organic grafting after the solvent extraction can be a good candidate to synthesize a definable hybrid porous material.

Centrifuge Model Tests and Numerical Simulations of the Landslide Evolution Process

Han-Dong Liu,Jia-Xing Chen,Wen-Xi Han,Ye Wu,Dong-Dong Li 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.6

Centrifuge model tests and numerical simulations were performed to study the landslide evolution process and failure mechanism. A TLJ-500 geotechnical centrifuge was used for the experiments and landslide deformation and stress was monitored using high-precision differential displacement sensors and earth pressure micro-sensors. Discrete element numerical simulations were performed using PFC2D based on the experimental results. The findings show that the landslide evolution process can be divided into three stages: 1) compaction and consolidation; 2) uniform deformation; and 3) accelerated deformation and failure. The numerical simulation results verify the distinct stage characteristics of the landslide evolution process. According to the migration of microscopic soil mass particles within the landslide, stage 3) can be further divided into a deformation development stage and instability and failure stage. The simulation displacement monitoring curves and displacement map show distinct deformation characteristics and displacement indicators from stages 2) to 3) and from the deformation development stage to the instability and failure stage. The experimental and numerical results reveal the landslide failure mechanism: the upper part of the landslide thrusts and slides; the middle part squeezes; the lower part collapses; and shear plane penetration leads to landslide failure.

Moderate salt spraying on grapevine canopy induces differential modulation of anthocyanin synthesis profiles during early and late stages of berry ripening in Cabernet Sauvignon

Han Ning,Li Lanxin,Wang Fengjie,Yang Zhen,He Xi 한국원예학회 2024 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.65 No.1

Anthocyanin accumulation in the skin of red/black grape berries is a crucial quality parameter that is known to be infl uenced by salt content. During two consecutive seasons, we applied a mild salinity NaCl solution (20 mmol L −1 and 60 mmol L −1 ) to the grapevine canopy in a commercial vineyard to investigate anthocyanin biosynthesis during berry ripening. The results showed a gradual reduction in the mass of mature berries as the concentration of NaCl increased. However, the contents of reducing sugars, total phenols, and tannins exhibited an inverse trend. Compared to the control group, the treatment with 60 mmol L −1 NaCl signifi cantly hindered ABA synthesis in berries at véraison. This reduction was associated with lower levels of anthocyanin and sugar accumulation, which was determined by the downregulation of key genes involved in the related pathways during the early stages of berry ripening. Conversely, during the late stages of berry ripening, there was a notable increase in both anthocyanin and sugar accumulation with rising NaCl levels. This observation aligned with the upregulation of key genes involved in anthocyanin metabolism and sugar transport. However, unlike the early stages, the ABA content in berries did not correlate with anthocyanin synthesis during the late stages of ripening under salt stress. Therefore, we concluded that anthocyanin accumulation was regulated under NaCl stress during berry ripening and exhibited diff er ent accumulation profi les at diff erent developmental stages. Additionally, we noticed that the proportion of dihydroxylated/ trihydroxylated anthocyanins was increased in salt-stressed berries at harvest, while the proportion of acylated anthocyanins was notably decreased. In summary, the fi ndings suggested that the alteration in anthocyanin accumulation varied across diff erent developmental stages of berries under moderate salinity stress.

Scutellarin protects against doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity and regulates its accumulation in the heart

Xi-Peng Sun,Li-Li Wan,Quan-Jun Yang,Yan Huo,Yong-Long Han,Cheng Guo 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.7

The clinical use of doxorubicin (DOX) is limited by its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. The present study investigated the effects of scutellarin against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats using pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic approaches. DOX (20 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) as a single dose, and scutellarin (5 mg/kg/day) was injected intravenously (i.v.) for 3 days. Rats treated with DOX showed acute cardiotoxicity as indicated by the elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (4057.8 ± 107.2 vs. 2032.7 ± 70.95), tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) level (2.083 ± 0.10 vs. 1.103 ± 0.09), cardiac troponin T (cTnT) concentration (0.1695 ± 0.0114 ng/mL), the decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (47.75 ± 15.79 vs. 78.72 ± 7.25) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) (20.66 ± 8.06 vs. 43.7 ± 6.76) compared with those of the control group. Cotreatment with scutellarin significantly decreased the LDH activity (2595.9 ± 72.73), MDA level (1.380 ± 0.06), cTnT concentration (0.0222 ± 0.0041 ng/ m L), increased LVEF (76.70 ± 3.91) and LVFS (40.28 ± 3.68). Histopathological studies showed disruption of cardiac tissues in the DOX groups. Cotreatment with scutellarin reduced the damage to cardiac tissues. In the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution study, scutellarin reduced the heart tissue exposure to DOX but did not change the AUC of plasma. These results suggest that scutellarin can protect against DOX-induced acute cardiotoxicity through its antioxidant activity and alterations of heart concentrations.

Cantharidin Combined with Chemotherapy for Chinese Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Han, Li,Sun, Yi-Jie,Pan, Yong-Fu,Ding, Hao,Chen, Xi,Zhang, Xu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.24

Background: This systematic analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cantharidin combined with chemotherapy in treating Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of cantharidin combined with chemotherapy on response and safety for Chinese patients with colorectal cancer were identified using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rate (RR) of treatment were calculated.Results: When cantharidin combined with chemotherapy, 4 clinical studies which included 155 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were considered eligible for inclusion. The systematic analysis suggested that, in all patients, pooled RR was 46.5% (72/155) in cantharidin combined regimens. Major adverse effects were neutropenia, leukopenia, fatigue, and anemia with cantharidin combined treatment; no treatment related deaths occurred. Conclusion: This systematic analysis suggests that cantharidin combined regimens are associated with high response rate and accepted toxicity in treating Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer suggesting that randomized clinical trials are now warranted.

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals transcriptional and cell subpopulation differences between human and pig immune cells

Li Jie,Xu Yanan,Zhang Jiayu,Zhang Zhaoqi,Guo Han,Wei Dong,Wu Changhong,Hai Tang,Sun Hai-Xi,Zhao Yong 한국유전학회 2024 Genes & Genomics Vol.46 No.3

Background The pig is a promising donor candidate for xenotransplantation. Understanding the differences between human and swine immune systems is critical for addressing xenotransplant rejection and hematopoietic reconstitution. The gene transcriptional profile differences between human and pig immune cell subpopulations have not been studied. To assess the similarities and differences between pigs and humans at the levels of gene transcriptional profiles or cell subpopulations are important for better understanding the cross-species similarity of humans and pigs, and it would help establish the fundamental principles necessary to genetically engineer donor pigs and improve xenotransplantation. Objective To assess the gene transcriptional similarities and differences between pigs and humans. Methods Two pigs and two healthy humans’ PBMCs were sorted for 10 × genomics single-cell sequence. We generated integrated human-pig scRNA-seq data from human and pig PBMCs and defined the overall gene expression landscape of pig peripheral blood immune cell subpopulations by updating the set of human-porcine homologous genes. The subsets of immune cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results There were significantly less T cells, NK cells and monocytes but more B cells in pig peripheral blood than those in human peripheral blood. High oxidative phosphorylation, HIF-1, glycolysis, and lysosome-related gene expressions in pig CD14+ monocytes were observed, whereas pig CD14+ monocytes exhibited lower levels of cytokine receptors and JAK-STAT-related genes. Pig activated CD4+T cells decreased cell adhesion and inflammation, while enriched for migration and activation processes. Porcine GNLY+CD8+T cells reduced cytotoxicity and increased proliferation compared with human GNLY+CD8+T cells. Pig CD2+CD8+γδT cells were functionally homologous to human CD2+CD4+ γδT cells. Pig CD2−CD8−γδT cells expressed genes with quiescent and precursor characteristics, while CD2−CD8+γδT cells expressed migration and memory-related molecules. Pig CD24+ and CD5+B cells are associated with inflammatory responses. Conclusion Our research with integrated scRNA-seq assays identified the different distribution of pig immune cell subpopulations and the different transcriptional profiles of human and pig immune cells. This study enables a deeper understanding of the development and function of porcine immune cells. Background The pig is a promising donor candidate for xenotransplantation. Understanding the differences between human and swine immune systems is critical for addressing xenotransplant rejection and hematopoietic reconstitution. The gene transcriptional profile differences between human and pig immune cell subpopulations have not been studied. To assess the similarities and differences between pigs and humans at the levels of gene transcriptional profiles or cell subpopulations are important for better understanding the cross-species similarity of humans and pigs, and it would help establish the fundamental principles necessary to genetically engineer donor pigs and improve xenotransplantation. Objective To assess the gene transcriptional similarities and differences between pigs and humans. Methods Two pigs and two healthy humans’ PBMCs were sorted for 10 × genomics single-cell sequence. We generated integrated human-pig scRNA-seq data from human and pig PBMCs and defined the overall gene expression landscape of pig peripheral blood immune cell subpopulations by updating the set of human-porcine homologous genes. The subsets of immune cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results There were significantly less T cells, NK cells and monocytes but more B cells in pig peripheral blood than those in human peripheral blood. High oxidative phosphorylation, HIF-1, glycolysis, and lysosome-related gene expressions in pig CD14+ monocytes were observed, whereas pig CD14+ monocytes exhibited lower levels of cytokine receptors and JAK-STAT-related genes. Pig activated CD4+T cells decreased cell adhesion and inflammation, while enriched for migration and activation processes. Porcine GNLY+CD8+T cells reduced cytotoxicity and increased proliferation compared with human GNLY+CD8+T cells. Pig CD2+CD8+γδT cells were functionally homologous to human CD2+CD4+ γδT cells. Pig CD2−CD8−γδT cells expressed genes with quiescent and precursor characteristics, while CD2−CD8+γδT cells expressed migration and memory-related molecules. Pig CD24+ and CD5+B cells are associated with inflammatory responses. Conclusion Our research with integrated scRNA-seq assays identified the different distribution of pig immune cell subpopulations and the different transcriptional profiles of human and pig immune cells. This study enables a deeper understanding of the development and function of porcine immune cells.

Intestinal segment and vitamin D3 concentration affect gene expression levels of calcium and phosphorus transporters in broiler chickens

Jincheng Han,Lihua Wu,Xianliang Lv,Mengyuan Liu,Yan Zhang,Lei He,Junfang Hao,Li Xi,Hongxia Qu,Chuanxin Shi,Zhiqiang Li,Zhixiang Wang,Fei Tang,Yingying Qiao 한국축산학회 2023 한국축산학회지 Vol.65 No.2

Two experiments were conducted in this research. Experiment 1 investigated the spatial expression characteristics of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) transporters in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of 21-day-old broilers provided with adequate nutrient feed. Experiment 2 evaluated the effects of dietary vitamin D3 (VD3) concentration (0, 125, 250, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 IU/kg) on growth performance, bone development, and gene expression levels of intestinal Ca and P transporters in 1–21-day-old broilers provided with the negative control diet without supplemental VD3. Results in experiment 1 showed that the mRNA levels of calcium- binding protein 28-kDa (CaBP-D28k), sodium-calcium exchanger 1 (NCX1), plasma membrane calcium ATPase 1b (PMCA1b), and IIb sodium-phosphate cotransporter (NaPi-IIb) were the highest in the broiler duodenum. By contrast, the mRNA levels of inorganic phosphate transporter 1 (PiT-1) and 2 (PiT-2) were the highest in the ileum. Results in experiment 2 showed that adding 125 IU/kg VD3 increased body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), bone weight, and percentage and weight of Ca and P in the tibia and femur of 1–21-day-old broilers compared with the negative control diet (p < 0.05). The rise in dietary VD3 levels from 125 to 1,000 IU/kg further increased the BWG, FI, and weights of the bone, ash, Ca, and P (p < 0.05). No difference in growth rate and leg bone quality was noted in the broilers provided with 1,000 and 2,000 IU/kg VD3 (p > 0.05). Supplementation with 125–2,000 IU/kg VD3 increased the mRNA abundances of intestinal Ca and P transporters to varying degrees. The mRNA level of CaBP-D28k increased by 536, 1,161, and 28 folds in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, respectively, after adding 1,000 IU/kg VD3. The mRNA levels of other Ca and P transporters (PMCA1b, NCX1, NaPi-IIb, PiT-1, and PiT-2) increased by 0.57–1.74 folds by adding 1,000–2,000 IU/kg VD3. These data suggest that intestinal Ca and P transporters are mainly expressed in the duodenum of broilers. Moreover, the addition of VD3 stimulates the two mineral transporter transcription in broiler intestines.

Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Xylanase from Massilia sp. RBM26 Isolated from the Feces of Rhinopithecus bieti

( Bo Xu ),( Li Ming Dai ),( Jun Jun Li ),( Meng Deng ),( Hua Biao Miao ),( Jun Pei Zhou ),( Yue Lin Mu ),( Qian Wu ),( Xiang Hua Tang ),( Yun Juan Yang ),( Jun Mei Ding ),( Nan Yu Han ),( Zun Xi Huang 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.1

Xylanases sourced from different bacteria have significantly different enzymatic properties. Therefore, studying xylanases from different bacteria is important to their applications in different fields. A potential xylanase degradation gene in Massilia was recently discovered through genomic sequencing. However, its xylanase activity remains unexplored. This paper is the first to report a xylanase (XynRBM26) belonging to the glycosyl hydrolase family (GH10) from the genus Massilia. The gene encodes a 383-residue polypeptide (XynRBM26) with the highest identity of 62% with the endoxylanase from uncultured bacterium BLR13. The XynRBM26 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 is a monomer with a molecular mass of 45.0 kDa. According to enzymatic characteristic analysis, pH 5.5 is the most appropriate for XynRBM26, which could maintain more than 90% activity between pH 5.0 and 8.0. Moreover, XynRBM26 is stable at 37°C and could maintain at least 96% activity after being placed at 37°C for 1 h. This paper is the first to report that GH10 xylanase in an animal gastrointestinal tract (GIT) has salt tolerance, which could maintain 86% activity in 5 M NaCl. Under the optimum conditions, Km, Vmax, and kcat of XynRBM26 to beechwood xylan are 9.49 mg/ml, 65.79 μmol/min/mg, and 47.34 /sec, respectively. Considering that XynRBM26 comes from an animal GIT, this xylanase has potential application in feedstuff. Moreover, XynRBM26 is applicable to high-salt food and seafood processing, as well as other high-salt environmental biotechnological fields, because of its high catalytic activity in high-concentration NaCl.