NLRP3-dependent lipid droplet formation contributes to posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus by increasing the permeability of the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier in the choroid plexus

Zhang Zhaoqi,Guo Peiwen,Liang Liang,Jila Shiju,Ru Xufang,Zhang Qiang,Chen Jingyu,Chen Zhi,Feng Hua,Chen Yujie 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

Hydrocephalus is a severe complication that can result from intracerebral hemorrhage, especially if this hemorrhage extends into the ventricles. Our previous study indicated that the NLRP3 inflammasome mediates cerebrospinal fluid hypersecretion in the choroid plexus epithelium. However, the pathogenesis of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus remains unclear, and therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment are lacking. In this study, an Nlrp3−/− rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage with ventricular extension and primary choroid plexus epithelial cell culture were used to investigate the potential effects of NLRP3-dependent lipid droplet formation and its role in the pathogenesis of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. The data indicated that NLRP3-mediated dysfunction of the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (B-CSFB) accelerated neurological deficits and hydrocephalus, at least in part, through the formation of lipid droplets in the choroid plexus; these lipid droplets interacted with mitochondria and increased the release of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species that destroyed tight junctions in the choroid plexus after intracerebral hemorrhage with ventricular extension. This study broadens the current understanding of the relationship among NLRP3, lipid droplets and the B-CSFB and provides a new therapeutic target for the treatment of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Strategies to protect the B-CSFB may be effective therapeutic approaches for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.

Simulation of Tensile Bolts in Finite Element Modeling of Semi-rigid Beam-to-column Connections

Zhaoqi Wu,Sumei Zhang,Shao-Fei Jiang 한국강구조학회 2012 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.12 No.3

This paper presents an innovative bolt model suitable for the three dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) of the semirigid beam-to-column bolted connections. The model is particularly useful for the moment-rotation relationship of beam-tocolumn connections, especially in cases where the connectors such as endplates, angles, T-stubs, are not particularly thin. In this paper, the bolt tensile behavior is firstly discussed by using a refined finite element model, in which the complex geometries of both external and internal threads were modeled. Then, the bolt behavior predicted by the commonly used models was compared with that of the refined FEA to appraise the accuracy of these models. The comparison shows most of the models commonly used can not predict accurately the axial stiffness, carrying capacity and ductility of bolt simultaneously. Afterwards,an innovative bolt model was proposed and the model accorded with the refined FEA for single bolts. Finally, the proposed model was applied to analyze the moment-rotation behavior of several experimented and well documented connections with different configurations. The results indicate that the proposed model is feasible and efficient.

Hydroxide MgSn(OH)6: A Promising New Photocatalyst for Methyl Orange Degradation

Jiajia Tao,Zhaoqi Sun,Miao Zhang,Gang He,Xiaoshuang Chen 대한금속·재료학회 2017 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.13 No.4

Highly crystalline hydroxide MgSn(OH)6 (MHS) polyhedral particleswere synthesized by changing reaction time (10, 15 and 20 h) in ahydrothermal process. The structural and morphological poperties ofobtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-vis diffuse reflectancespectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic activity of the MHS wasfurther evaluated by the degradation of methyl orange (MO) underultraviolet (UV) light illumination. Compared with commercial TiO2(Degussa P25), the MHS prepared for 15 h showed similar degradationefficiency of methyl orange (MO), mainly due to its higher specificsurface area (55 m2g−1) and better optical properties.

Comparative Detection of Realtime Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for Monitoring West Nile Virus in Meat and Dairy Products

Yeeun Seo,Daseul Yeo,Zhaoqi Wang,Seoyoung Woo,Danbi Yun,Yuan Zhang,Yue Wu,Md Iqbal Hossain,Min Suk Rhee,Changsun Choi 한국식품영양과학회 2022 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2022 No.10

Effect of aortic spiral blood flow on wall shear stress in stenosed left main coronary arteries with varying take-off angle, stenosis severity and eccentricity

Abouzar Moshfegh,Ashkan Javadzadegan,Zhaoqi Zhang,Hamid Hassanzadeh Afrouzi,Mohammad Omidi 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.8

It is well accepted that blood flow in the human aorta is spiral by nature, with beneficial impacts for the cardiovascular system in the form of improved haemodynamics and efficient perfusion. This study investigates the effect of aortic spiral blood flow on wall shear stress (WSS) in computer-generated models of the left main trunk (LMT), also known as left main coronary artery, with varying take-off angle, stenosis severity and eccentricity. The results show that the spirality effect causes a substantial reduction in maximum WSS (WSS max ), average WSS (WSS ave ) and size of regions with low WSS. The effects of spiral flow on WSS max become more significant with increasing LMT take-off angle and stenosis eccentricity, and they become less significant with increasing stenosis severity. The aortic spiral blood flow intensity, LMT take-off angle, stenosis severity and eccentricity statistically significantly predict the WSS; however, the strongest predictor of WSS is stenosis severity (F(4, 399) = 3653.85, p < 0.001 for WSS max and F(4, 399) = 913.46, p < 0.001 for WSS ave ), followed by LMT take-off angle (F(4, 399) = 582.735, p < 0.001 for WSS max and F(4, 399) = 163.16, p < 0.001 for WSS ave ), stenosis eccentricity (F(4, 399) = 230.15, p < 0.001 for WSS max and F(4, 399) = 52.94, p < 0.001 for WSS ave ) and blood flow spirality (F(4, 399) = 112.37, p < 0.001 for WSS max and F(4, 399) = 32.18, p < 0.001 for WSS ave ). Our findings suggest that naturally or artificially induced spiral flow in the aorta potentially has atheroprotective effects in the LMT.

Low-temperature strategy for vapor phase hydrothermal synthesis of C\N\S-doped TiO2 nanorod arrays with enhanced photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic activity

Hai Yu,Miao Zhang,Yanfen Wang,Janguo Lv,Yanmei Liu,Gang He,Zhaoqi Sun 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.98 No.-

In this study, a material with high photocatalytic activity was synthesized using ternary C/N/S-dopedTiO2 nanorod array (TiO2); this was done using a practical and straightforward vapor-phase hydrothermal(VPH) method at a low temperature. The effect of C/N/S content on TiO2 morphology, optical,photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical (PCE) properties of the material was investigated by varying thequality of thiourea. C/N/S-TiO2 reduced the bonding rate of electron-hole pairs and enhances visible lightabsorption, photocatalytic, and PCE properties. The C/N/S doping could significantly adjust theabsorption cut-off wavelengths (407 602 nm) and shorten the bandgap (3.04 2.18 eV) of TiO2. Undersimulated sunlight, 8-C/N/S-TiO2 had the highest photocatalytic efficiency of 97.6% for methylene blue(MB) in 150 min with a rate constant of 0.0192 min 1, which is approximately four times that of TiO2(0.005 min 1). The 8-C/N/S-TiO2 photoelectrode had the lowest transfer resistance for interfacial chargesand highest transient photocurrent of 33.5 mA/cm2, which isfive times higher than that of TiO2 (6.6 mA/cm2). The 8-C/N/S-TiO2 exhibits the most extensive PCE behavior as a photoelectrode, and has a currentdensity of 38.2 mA/cm2 at 2.5VRHE, which is about two times higher than TiO2 (19.1 mA/cm2). Thefavorable sunlight-driven photocatalytic activity is probably due to the synergistic effect of C/N/S-doping,which shifts the valence band maximum of TiO2 upward. This provides new ideas for future solar cellsthat can use dye-sensitized TiO2 nanorod arrays as photoanodes. It is noteworthy that VPH is a veryeffective strategy for fabricating semiconductors doped with multiple nonmetallic elements.

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals transcriptional and cell subpopulation differences between human and pig immune cells

Li Jie,Xu Yanan,Zhang Jiayu,Zhang Zhaoqi,Guo Han,Wei Dong,Wu Changhong,Hai Tang,Sun Hai-Xi,Zhao Yong 한국유전학회 2024 Genes & Genomics Vol.46 No.3

Background The pig is a promising donor candidate for xenotransplantation. Understanding the differences between human and swine immune systems is critical for addressing xenotransplant rejection and hematopoietic reconstitution. The gene transcriptional profile differences between human and pig immune cell subpopulations have not been studied. To assess the similarities and differences between pigs and humans at the levels of gene transcriptional profiles or cell subpopulations are important for better understanding the cross-species similarity of humans and pigs, and it would help establish the fundamental principles necessary to genetically engineer donor pigs and improve xenotransplantation. Objective To assess the gene transcriptional similarities and differences between pigs and humans. Methods Two pigs and two healthy humans’ PBMCs were sorted for 10 × genomics single-cell sequence. We generated integrated human-pig scRNA-seq data from human and pig PBMCs and defined the overall gene expression landscape of pig peripheral blood immune cell subpopulations by updating the set of human-porcine homologous genes. The subsets of immune cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results There were significantly less T cells, NK cells and monocytes but more B cells in pig peripheral blood than those in human peripheral blood. High oxidative phosphorylation, HIF-1, glycolysis, and lysosome-related gene expressions in pig CD14+ monocytes were observed, whereas pig CD14+ monocytes exhibited lower levels of cytokine receptors and JAK-STAT-related genes. Pig activated CD4+T cells decreased cell adhesion and inflammation, while enriched for migration and activation processes. Porcine GNLY+CD8+T cells reduced cytotoxicity and increased proliferation compared with human GNLY+CD8+T cells. Pig CD2+CD8+γδT cells were functionally homologous to human CD2+CD4+ γδT cells. Pig CD2−CD8−γδT cells expressed genes with quiescent and precursor characteristics, while CD2−CD8+γδT cells expressed migration and memory-related molecules. Pig CD24+ and CD5+B cells are associated with inflammatory responses. Conclusion Our research with integrated scRNA-seq assays identified the different distribution of pig immune cell subpopulations and the different transcriptional profiles of human and pig immune cells. This study enables a deeper understanding of the development and function of porcine immune cells. Background The pig is a promising donor candidate for xenotransplantation. Understanding the differences between human and swine immune systems is critical for addressing xenotransplant rejection and hematopoietic reconstitution. The gene transcriptional profile differences between human and pig immune cell subpopulations have not been studied. To assess the similarities and differences between pigs and humans at the levels of gene transcriptional profiles or cell subpopulations are important for better understanding the cross-species similarity of humans and pigs, and it would help establish the fundamental principles necessary to genetically engineer donor pigs and improve xenotransplantation. Objective To assess the gene transcriptional similarities and differences between pigs and humans. Methods Two pigs and two healthy humans’ PBMCs were sorted for 10 × genomics single-cell sequence. We generated integrated human-pig scRNA-seq data from human and pig PBMCs and defined the overall gene expression landscape of pig peripheral blood immune cell subpopulations by updating the set of human-porcine homologous genes. The subsets of immune cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results There were significantly less T cells, NK cells and monocytes but more B cells in pig peripheral blood than those in human peripheral blood. High oxidative phosphorylation, HIF-1, glycolysis, and lysosome-related gene expressions in pig CD14+ monocytes were observed, whereas pig CD14+ monocytes exhibited lower levels of cytokine receptors and JAK-STAT-related genes. Pig activated CD4+T cells decreased cell adhesion and inflammation, while enriched for migration and activation processes. Porcine GNLY+CD8+T cells reduced cytotoxicity and increased proliferation compared with human GNLY+CD8+T cells. Pig CD2+CD8+γδT cells were functionally homologous to human CD2+CD4+ γδT cells. Pig CD2−CD8−γδT cells expressed genes with quiescent and precursor characteristics, while CD2−CD8+γδT cells expressed migration and memory-related molecules. Pig CD24+ and CD5+B cells are associated with inflammatory responses. Conclusion Our research with integrated scRNA-seq assays identified the different distribution of pig immune cell subpopulations and the different transcriptional profiles of human and pig immune cells. This study enables a deeper understanding of the development and function of porcine immune cells.