Impacts and Countermeasures of Climate Change on Food Supply

Kim Chang-gil,Jeong Hak-kyun,Han Suk-ho,Kim Jeong-seung,Moon Dong-hyun 한국농촌경제연구원 2013 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

Climate change has become a megatrend that will lead to significant changes in future society. Korean and overseas agencies specializing in climate forecasts predict that average global temperatures will continue to rise. While climate change may potentially have certain positive impacts for crop yields, the overall impact is predicted to be negative for environment and food security. In this context, our study aims to suggest a plan for systematically establishing a stable food supply system in Korea in respose to climate change. Various analytical models were employed, including: a response analysis based on questionnaire for farmers, panel-based analysis of the causes of pests and diseases in rice production, a random-effects model for panel data of extreme weather impact, and an analysis of food supply effects using the Simulation Model for Climate-Agriculture Relations (SIMCAR) integrated model in conjunction with the Crop Estimation through Resource and Environment Synthesis (CERES) model of the Korea Agricultural Simulation Model (KASMO). An analysis was made of major grain yields by means of the KREI-KASMO. This revealed reduced yields and area in comparison with the baseline in 2050, resulting in a reduction of rice production by 17.8%p in the RCP8.5 scenario, and reduction of soybean by 21.2%p and reduction of barley by 13.7%p in the A2 scenario. Self-sufficiency ratio of major grains in 2050 drawn from the SIMCAR revealed that the climate change scenario for rice showed 55.0% to be reduced by 18.3% in comparison with the baseline. It is predicted that selfsufficiency ratio in rice will drop to 50% which means a half of consumed rice should be imported. Key tasks for building a stable food supply system to cope with climate change were developed based on the domestic production capacity, the buffering capacity to climate change, import capacity from other countries, and policy performance capacity with reference to the empirical analysis. First, the suggested key tasks for improving the domestic production capacity include developing and disseminating adaptation technology, conserving farmland and expanding arable land, practicing climate-smart agriculture by using fusion technology, and modernizing infrastructure for agriculture. Second, key tasks for improving buffering capacity to climate change are improving resilience and biodiversity, building a risk management system, and further improving storage of food in Korea and other countries. Third, major tasks for improving the import capacity from other countries are constructing overseas food bases, effectively using the international grain market, and enhancing international cooperation with relevant countries. Finally, key tasks for improving policy performance capacity are refining and applying the climate change impact analysis model with respect to policies, expanding investments in research and development, building a vulnerability assessment system, enhancing education and training, and installing Climate Change Response Center for Agriculture (tentative). In this study, several key challenges were presented in the four different areas related to building a stable food supply system which can help overcome the challenges of climate change. It is expected that the nature of the policies that need to be prioritized and promoted, given the constraints of budget, organization and information will be addressed in future research. Also, in order for the solutions for key challenges to work properly in the field such that policy outcomes will be maximized, a consortium of research bodies in the related fields of agriculture, agricultural meteorology and agricultural economics should be created. As preparation for specific action programs. Furthermore, follow-up studies should be conducted to verify the expenses required for developing reliable climate change impact assessment models and the effectiveness of the enforced policies. Such fie

울형성 심부전증에서 심혈관계 보상기전의 지표로서 저나트륨혈증의 의의에 관한 연구

김경환,김미경,이우형,홍사석,신길자,장일중 대한내과학회 1986 대한내과학회지 Vol.31 No.3

In patient with congestive heart failure, it is well known that the sympatho-adrenal system and the renin angiotensin system are activated to compensate for the reduction of cardiac output and the redistribution of blood flow. Although Lilly, et al. (1984) and Francis, et al. (1985) have insisted that the induction of these circulatory compensation mechanism by pastura1 changes is closely related to the concentration of plama sodium in congestive heart failure, it is still controversial. Thus, in an effort to clarify this hypothesis, present study was designed to determine the relationship between the existing sodium concentration in plasma and the changes of the plasma catecholamine concentration and renin activity during postural alterations in patients with congestive heart fai1ure and normal subjects. Ten patients with congestive heart failure who had been admitted to the Ewha Womans University Hospital from May, 1985 to July, 1985 and five normal volunteers were chosen. Patients with more than one year history of congestive heart failure belonging to class 3 or 4 as the criteria set by the New York Heart Association have been selected for this study. Among these ten patients, 5(3 males and 2 females) had low plasma sodium concentration(below 135mEq/l) and 5(3 males and 2 females) had normal plasma sodium concentration(above 135mEq/l). The observed results are as follows: 1) In the normal subjects, the observed plasma renin activity was 1,2±0.4ng/ml/hr and the concentrations of norepinephrine and epinephrine were 177.5±27 and 150.0±8pg/ml, respectively, at supine position. However, these values were increased by about 2 times by changing to upright position. 2) In patients with hyponatremic congestive heart failure, the values of plasma renin activity and catecholamine levels were significantly higher than those patients having normonatremia. 3) The increase in the plasma renin activity and catecholamin levels induced by upright position were minimal in patients with congestive heart failure having normonatremia. 4) However, in patients with hyponatremic congestive heart failure, the plasma renin activity and the levels of plasma catecholamines were not altered, or rather decreased, by the same postural changes. Based on the results, the levels of plasma sodium concentration in patients with congestive heart failure could provide an index for the induction of circulatory compensation mechaniams and may have important significance in determining the severity and prognosis of the disease. Particularly in the congestive heart failure patients with hyponatremia, as the circulatory compensation mechanism appear to be operating at maximum already, they would not be able to utilize the reflex compensation mechanism inducible with the changes of body position.

서울대학교 수목원 전략 계획 보고서 (2008-2012)

장계선,장진성,고길석 서울大學校農業生命科學大學附屬樹木園 2008 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.26

The Arboretum was founded In 1967, and the mission and first strategy plans for five years were made In 2000 to cover all aspects of the scientific, conservation and education value of the living plant collections worldwide. However the first strategy plans have limitations such as the poor budget and man power. Therefore, we set up the second strategy plans for 2008-2012. Recommendations regarding this second plan was results of planning by Arboretum staff, dean, officers and professors of university of Agriculture Life Sciences, and the parties of local governments as province Gyeonggi-do and Suwon city. Seven areas of focus over the next five years were identified for the Arboretum with specific targets, strategies. and action steps within each focus areas. Each components of the plan were made in order to enable us to keep carrying out the vision and mission of The Arboretum.

서울대학교 수목원 2006ㆍ2007년 연차보고서

장계선,고길석 서울大學校農業生命科學大學附屬樹木園 2008 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.26

화학기상증착 반응기 시뮬레이션 연구

서화일,장호정,장영철,석창길,이은호,임장규 호서대학교반도체제조장비국산화 연구센터 2000 반도체 장비기술 논문집 Vol.2000 No.-

전단보강근량에 따른 초고강도 콘크리트를 사용한 고층형 내력벽의 이력거동

윤현도,연길환,정수영,윤석천,이창갑 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.10 No.1

Three one fourth scale models using ultra high-strength concrete(f' =704 kg/㎠) are tested under the combined action of a constant axial and a horizontal load cyclically to failure. Such specimens are considered to represent the critical 3-story of low part in 60-story tall building of a structural wall system in area of high seismicity. The amount of vertical reinforcement and the level of applied axial stress are identical for the three wall tested. The cross-section of all walls is barbell shape. The aspect ratio(h /l ) of test specimen is 1.8. The primary objectives of this paper are to investigate the influence of the amount of horizontal reinforcement on the lateral resistance, failure mechanism, ductility and energy-dissipation capability of walls with ultra high-strength concrete. In contrast to what is widely believed, the horizontal web reinforcement does not appear to have a significant effect on shear capacity. Certainly, since the reduction of the web horizontal reinforcement to almost half the value specified by building codes doesn't affect the failure load, this effect in not accounted for by the truss analogy concept. The results obtained have helped to identify the causes of wall failure and have demonstrated that the concepts underlying current ACI Building Code provisions for the design of walls conflict with the observed structural behavior. It has been found that shear resistance is associated with triaxial compressive stress conditions that develop in the compressive zone of the section at the base of the wall.

내부에 피라미드 구조를 가지는 ISB 판넬의 정적 특성 분석

안동규,이상훈,김민수,한길영,김진석,정창균,양동열 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

The objective of this research work is to investigate into static characteristics of ISB panels with the pyramidal structure as a internally structured material. In order to investigate the behavior of material deformation and frracture characteristics, several tensile tests have been carried out for the ISB panel and skin sheet. Through the results of the experiments, the mechanical properties of ISB panel and skin sheet and fracture characteristics have been obtained. In addition, the mechaical properties of the ISB panel have been compared with that of the skin sheet by the view point of a specific modulus, a specific yield strength and a specific strength. From the results of the comparision, it has been shown that the ISB panel has an excellent static characteristics.

본태성고혈압 환자에서 저염식 및 교감신경차단제 사용시 요중 Catecholamines 함량 변동

장중현(Jung Hyun Chang),조영호(Young Ho Cho),이경미(Kyung Me Lee),신길자(Gil Ja Shin),이우형(Woo Hyung Lee),안영수(Young Soo Ahn),김동구(Dong Goo Kim),김경환(Kyung Hwan Kim),홍사석(Sa Suk Hong) 대한내과학회 1988 대한내과학회지 Vol.34 No.4

N/A Sympathetic activity is related to the pathogenetic mechanism in essential hypertension. It is now evident that plasma norepinephrine reflects sympathetic activity. However, there are some conflicting results concerning the levels of urine catecholamines and their significance. This study was performed to evaluate the significance of urine catecholamines as an index of sympathetic activity in essential hypertension. The study was done on thirteen patients of established hypertension. Normotensive controls were fourteen healthy individuals. The concentrations of urine norepinephrine and dopamine were detected by employing liquid chromatography-electrochemica1 detector. The results were summarized as follows: 1) Age, body surface area, G.F.R., 24 hours urine excretion of sodium and plasma renin activity were not different between normotensive and hypertensive groups. 2) There was a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after treatment with low salt diet and atenolol. 3) In hypertensive group, the values of urine norepine-phrine and dopamine were significantly higher than normotensive group and both were significantly reduced after treatment with low salt diet and atenolol. 4) In hypertensive group, significant correlation was observed between urine norepinephrine and dopamine levels. Also, significant correlation was observed between the decrements in systolic blood pressure and the changes in urine norepinephrine by the treatment. In conclusion, urine catecholamines, norepinephrine and dopamine, were elevated in essential hypertension, and were significantly reduced after low salt diet and atenolol therapy, and it is suggested that urine catecholamines can be useful index in evaluating sympathetic activity in essential hypertension.

시유의 보존기간 및 온도에 따른 일반 유성분 및 산가의 변화

김성숙 ( Seong Suk Kim ),김미숙 ( Mee Suk Kim ),도재철 ( Jae Cheul Do ),윤문조 ( Mun Jo Yun ),이창우 ( Chang Woo Lee ),박희주 ( Hee Ju Park ),신대길 ( Dae Gil Shin ),정종식 ( Jong Sik Jyeong ) 한국가축위생학회 2000 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the changes of physical and chemical properties according to the preserving periods and temperature in heat-treated market milks (130°C, 2 sec). The market milks were divided into 3 experimental groups, that is 4°C, 15°C and 30°C according to the preserving temperature during 7 days. There were analysed fat, protein, lactose, total solids, solids-not-fat, specific gravity and acid value of market milks in each experimental group. These observations indicated that heat-treated market milks (130°C, 2 sec) may be acceptable physically and chemically after 7 days at 4°C. The results obtained were sunm-iarized as follows 1. Total microorganisms in market milks were found 12X 101 cells at 1st day. Coliform and pathogenic bacteria were not detected. 2. lVlilk fats tended to decrease 3.69% to 3.48% according to the time lapsed in all experimental groups without concerning to the storage temperature. 3. Milk proteins were slowly decreased 3.18% to 3.13% according to the time lapsed without concerning to the storage temperature. 4. Milk lactose was slightly increased 4.41% to 4.55% in all experimental groups. 5. Specific gravity in market milks was 1.0316 to 1.0299, and showed no changes according to the preserving periods and temperature. 6. Total solids and solids-not-fat in market milks were slightly decreased 12.30 to 12.05 and 8.5E to 8.40. 7. Acid values were dramatically increased 0.1289 to 0.3116 at 30`C storage group, while tended to be stable at 4 `C storage group for 7 days.

고지방 식이 유도 고지혈증에 대한 ChondroT의 혈액 내 지질대사에 미치는 영향

윤찬석 ( Chan Suk Yoon ),김도형 ( Do Hyeong Kim ),나창수 ( Chang Su Na ),정지원 ( Ji Won Jeong ),김지훈 ( Ji Hoon Kim ),김선길 ( Sun Gil Kim ),최지민 ( Ji Min Choi ),김선종 ( Seon Jong Kim ) 한방재활의학과학회 2021 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.31 No.1

Objectives The objective of the study was to investigate effects of ChondroT by improvement of blood metabolites in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemia rat model. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to intact, control, simvastatin, and CT100, CT200 and CT400 (each n=6). For observing cholesterol change, animals were first fed high fat diet for 5 weeks and then high fat diet and drugs for 3 weeks. At the end of the experiment, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were analyzed by obtained blood collection. Further, amplified leptin, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) and adiponectin DNA were observed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. Results Observing the effect of ChondroT on the change of lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia- induced rats, triglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly decreased in SV100 group, HDL-C was significantly increased in SV100, CT100 and CT200 groups, and LDL-C was significantly decreased in SV100, CT100, CT200 and CT400 groups, compared to the control group. Leptin level in hyperlipidemia-induced rats was significantly decreased in CT100 and CT200 groups, compared to the control group. The effect of ChondroT on adiponectin level in hyperlipidemia-induced rats was significantly increased in SV100, CT100 and CT200 groups. PPAR level in hyperlipidemia- induced rats was significantly decreased in SV100, CT200 and CT400 groups. Platelete activating factor level in hyperlipidemia-induced rats was significantly decreased in CT100 and CT200 groups. Conclusions Based on these results, it could be suggested that ChondroT has certain effects of improving blood metabolites in HFD-induced hyperlipidemia. (J Korean Med Rehabil 2021;31(1):81-93)