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윤성우,이지영,하경호,이수경,한나,배효근,박선자 고신대학교 의과대학 2010 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.25 No.2
Limy bile is a rare condition characterized by excessive precipitation of calcium carbonate in the gallbladder or bile duct. Recently we experienced two cases with obstructive jaundice in which limy bile in the common bile duct but not in the gallbladder for one case, and in the common bile duct and intra hepatic duct but not in the gallbladder for another case. The patients were treated by endoscopic sphincterotomy. Here, we report the cases and review the literature.
지속성 외래 복막투석 환자에서 진균성 복막염의 임상적 고찰
한대석,김흥수,강신욱,김진안,김유선,최규헌,조재용,박찬신,이호영,강덕희,김김용 대한신장학회 1993 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.12 No.4
CAPD peritonitis is one of the most important com- lication of peritoneal dialysis. Among the CAPD peritonitis, fungal peritonitis is relatively rare but the prognosis is grave and removal of the peritoneal catheter is essential for management of peritonitis. We report our center's experience of 21 episodes of fungal peritonitis confirmed by CAPD effluent culture from January, 1983 to March 1993. The male to female ratio, the mean age, the mean duration of CAPD were 11:10, 48.2+11.2 years (range 17 -70), 21.0+20.8 monthes (1-72) respectively and the mean annual incidence of peritonitis was 1.47+1.49(0 -4). The most common causitive fungi were candida species with 869(N =18), and the remaining 3 cases were Trichosporon beigelii, Mucormycosis species, Cryptococcus neoformans isolated respectively. The severe complications of fungal peritonitis were intraaMominal abscess combined with intestinal obstruction in 3 cases, sepsis in 2 cases, meningitis in 1 case, and pneumonia in 1 case. Patients were treated by cathter removal alone (N = 5), by catheter removal followed by intravenous antifungal agent (N=13), or peritoneal catheter removal, antifungal agent and surgical drainage (N =3). Of these 60% 92% and 100% were treated successfully respectively. The complication and death rates were significantly low in the early peritoneal catheter removal group (within 7 days). And also, the group receiving antifungal agent more early showed better prognosis. In conclusion, we recommednd early peritoneal catheter removal, with antifungal medications as soon as fungal peritonitis is diagnosed in CAPD patients. And if symptoms of intestinal obstruction or abdominal pain continue despite adequate treatment, complication such as intraabdominal abscess should be suspected.
( Seun Joo Ahn ),( Dong Kyu Kim ),( Soon Sun Kim ),( Chang Bum Bae ),( Hyo Jung Cho ),( Han Gyeol Kim ),( Young Jip Kim ),( Joo Ho Lee ),( Hyo Jin Lee ),( Mi Yeon Lee ),( Kee Bum Kim ),( Jin Hee Cho ) 대한간학회 2012 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.18 No.3
Background/Aims: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays an important role in regulating lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, and ApoE genotypes are known to affect plasma lipoprotein concentrations. We investigated whether ApoE genotype determines the disease outcome in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected individuals, and verified the association between ApoE genotype and the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic liver diseases of various etiologies. Methods: This hospital-based, case-controlled study enrolled 156 subjects (47 healthy controls, 50 HBV-related liver cirrhosis patients, and 59 HCC patients). ApoE genotypes were determined using PCR-based ApoE genotyping kits. The biological significance of ApoE genotype was verified by measuring serum ApoE levels using an ELISA kits. Results: The ε3 allele was the most common allele, with allele frequencies among the entire cohort of 5.8%, 84.3%, and 9.9% for the ε2, ε3, and ε4 alleles, respectively. Significantly more of those patients carrying the ε3/3 genotype had developed liver cirrhosis compared to the control subjects. Being an ApoE4 carrier was associated with a lower probability of developing liver cirrhosis. The allele frequencies and genotype distribution of ApoE did not differ significantly between the liver cirrhosis and HCC patients. The serum level of ApoE was significantly higher in patients with liver cirrhosis than in the healthy controls, but did not differ significantly with the ApoE genotype. Conclusions: The ApoE ε3/3 genotype frequency was higher in patients with HBV-associated liver cirrhosis than in the controls. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2012;18:295-301)
류호선,허성은,박한뫼,박미영,김영주 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 2001 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.24 No.1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Collage of Medicine, Ewha Woman's University This 31 years old female patient visited our hospital on July 2000, with complaint of painful ulceration on vulvar with withish coated membrane and oral mucosa ulceration at 28 weeks of pragnancy. Behcet's disease is an inflammatory disorder of unknown cause, characterized by recurrent oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, uveitis, and skin lesion. We are present a case of Behcet's disease in pregnancy with a brief review of literature.
패킷 지연의 최소화를 위한 실시간 커널 탑재 VoIP 게이트웨이 설계
김선대,이중한,김정호 한밭대학교 정보통신전문대학원 2004 정보통신전문대학원 논문집 Vol.2 No.1
현재의 인터넷망은 데이터 패킷에 대해 가변적인 대역폭, 패킷 손실 및 지연 요소로 인하여 대화식 응용 의 서비스품질 보장을 완벽히 대처하기 어렵다. VoIP는 패킷 손실과 종점간 거리 차에 따라 지연이 커지면 통화 품질이 크게 떨어지므로 네트워크 응용에서 시스템 구조에 대한 제어 기법이 요구된다. 인터넷 전화와 같은 대화 식 응용에 대한 시스템 설계로는 재생 버퍼 (p1ayback buffer)알고리즘이 가장 많이 사용되고 있는데, 이 기법은 IP 계층에 대한 링크실패(link failures)를 보상 해줌으로써 패킷 손실을 최소화하여 네트워크 상태에 대처할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이를 위해 실시간 커널을 탑재한 VoIP게이트웨이를 설계하고 이의 타당성 검증을 위해 미디 어스트림의 도착시간을 적용한 재생버퍼 알고리즘을 보완하였다. 시물레이션 환경에서 임의의 패킷 데이터를 발 생하여 VoIP 게이트웨이 응답성을 측정하여, 이에 대한 데이터 패킷지연과 손실을 측정한 결과 기존보다 30% 향상된 응답성을 확인하였다. Current Internet Technology is difficult to copy with Service guarantee of interactive application by variable bandwidth, packet loss and delay about data packet. According to VoIP gateway service guarantee drop greatly when between a terminal and a terminal distance in larger. So, VoIP gateway system is required compensation playback algorithm. As Internet application such as internet telephone we suggested a playback buffer algorithm that matched arrival time in the media stream queue. On the simulation environment that appear random media stream data, we measured a VoIP gateway response and we concluded that improve 30% to minimize packet delay and loss.
Olfactory dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease– and Lewy body–related cognitive impairment
Yoo, Han Soo,Jeon, Seun,Chung, Seok Jong,Yun, Mijin,Lee, Phil Hyu,Sohn, Young Ho,Evans, Alan C.,Ye, Byoung Seok Elsevier 2018 Alzheimer's & dementia Vol.14 No.10
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Introduction</B></P> <P>Olfactory dysfunction is common in Alzheimer's disease– and Lewy body–related disorders, but its neural correlates have not been clearly elucidated.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>We retrospectively recruited 237 patients with Alzheimer's disease–related cognitive impairment (ADCI) and 217 with Lewy body–related cognitive impairment (LBCI). They were identically evaluated using the Cross-Cultural Smell Identification Test, neuropsychological tests, and brain magnetic resonance imaging.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>LBCI had more severe olfactory dysfunction than ADCI. Patients with more severe cognitive dysfunction had worse olfactory function in both groups. In ADCI, lower Cross-Cultural Smell Identification Test scores correlated with a lower cortical thickness in brain regions typically affected in Alzheimer's disease, most prominently in the right parahippocampal cortex, whereas in LBCI, the scores correlated with white matter abnormalities in regions vulnerable to Lewy body, including subcortical regions of the orbitofrontal and frontoparietal cortices.</P> <P><B>Discussion</B></P> <P>Our results suggest that cortical atrophy in ADCI and white matter abnormalities in LBCI play important roles in olfactory dysfunction.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Olfactory dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease–related cognitive impairment was associated with a lower cortical thickness. </LI> <LI> Olfactory dysfunction in Lewy body–related cognitive impairment correlated with white matter disintegration. </LI> <LI> Lewy body–related cognitive impairment group had more prominent olfactory deficit compared with Alzheimer's disease–related cognitive impairment group. </LI> <LI> Alzheimer's disease–related cognitive impairment and Lewy body-related cognitive impairment had different cognitive dysfunctions correlating with olfactory function. </LI> </UL> </P>