성경에 나타난 도 (道)

박선철,박용천 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.4

Objectives : It is interesting that the term "Tao" is seen in the Bible of Korean revised version, because Tao is the essential part of traditional Korean culture. Korean culture has 5000 years of history rooted in the humanitarian ideal that means devotion to the welfare of mankind. Such humanitarian ideal had accepted, digested and finally recreated many religions and ideas without conflict. Because understanding the patient's culture is important in the psychiatric practice, it is worthwhile to compare the Tao in the Bible and in the traditional culture. This will lead us to understand the Bible more accurately, and Un-derstanding the Bible can broaden our view toward the traditional Korean culture. Methods : The authors searched the term "Tao" in the Bible ofKorean Revised Version and compared it with the Biblia Hebrica Stuttgatensia, and Novum Testatum Graece to detect the original expressions of Tao. The meaning of Hebrew or Greek original expressions were compared with English expressions of The Holy Bible, the King James Version. Results : Tao was recorded 85 times in the Bible of Korean Revised Version. The majority of original expressions were "derek" (43 times) in Hebrew Old Testaments, and "hodos" (14 times) in Greek New Testament. The majority of English expressions corresponding to Tao were "way" or "ways" (59 times). "Derek" means the commandments of God. "Hodos" means the way ofJesus Christ. Conclusion : "Derek" and "hodos" commonly mean the righteousness and sanctification required to human with the berith (testament) of God. Tao in the Bible ofKorean Revised Version is similar to Tao in the traditional culture in the viewpoint of enlightenment. Korean psychotherapy can be elaborated further with the acceptance of Westem psychotherapy on the basis of deep understanding of Korean traditional culture, such as Tao.

초발 정신분열병 환자의 정신병 비치료기간과 관련된 정신사회적 요인

박선철,김대호,남정현,이해원 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.4

Objectives : This study investigated the psychosocial factors and clinical symptoms related to the duration of untreated Psychosis (DUP) in 35 consecutive first-episode inpatients with schizophrenia. Mcthods : Data from 35 schizophrenic patients were obtained from two general psychiatric inpatient units at a university medical center. These data included scores from Index of Social Position (ISP), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) as well as socio-demographic informations. Rcsults : Among socio-demographic variables, lower social position (r=.610, P<.001), male sex (r=.407, P=.015), and grew up in rural area (r=.335, p=.045) were significantly correlated with DUP. The interpersonal sensitivity of SCL-90-R was the only symptomatic variable significantly correlated with DUP (r=.379, P=.027). However, after controlling interactive effects of the variables, only lower social position and interpersonal sensitivity remained significant. Lower social position was more influential on DUP than interpersonal sensitivity in the multiple regression model. Conclusion : Both social and symptomatic factors independently influenced DUP in schizophrenic patients. Lower social position defined by education and occupation of patients or caretakers may reflect barriers to psychiatric services or poor identification of mental illness. This together with patients' subjective distress in interpersonal interactions may delay the intervention of psychiatric services.

의과대학 학제 변화에 대응한 의예과 교육 개선 방안

박현,최경민,신창호,정은택,정선관,이상열,박민철 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2005 圓光醫科學 Vol.20 No.2

과수 조류피해 방지에 관한 연구

김영호,윤철구,임상철,손인창,박재혁,김동환,김선규 충북대학교 한국과학재단 지정 첨단원예기술개발 연구센터 2002 연구보고서 Vol.6 No.-

새로운 저비용 고효율 조류 피해 방지법의 개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여, 현재 사과, 배 과수원에서 사용되고 있는 조류피해 방지 방법들의 정확한 효과를 서로 비교 검토하고, 아울러 충북지역 과수 재배 농가들을 대상으로 유해조류에 의한 피해 실태와 경제성 있는 조류 피해방지 방법에 대한 설문조사를 병행 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조류피해는 방조망 설치에 의해서만 완전히 방지할 수 있었으며, 조류 피해율별 손익계산 결과를 참고하여 이익이 있을 때는 표준방조망을 설치하고, 그렇지 않을 경우에는 설치비가 저렴하며 농가에서 간단히 시공할 수 있는 간이방조망 설치가 더 경제적인 것으로 판단되었다. 도내 과수 농가의 조류피해는 지역 간에 큰 차이가 있었으며, 음향적 방제인 버드가드와 보호봉지인 망사봉지에 의한 방제가 가장 효과적이었다. 그러나 버드가드는 높은 설치비용이 문제되므로, 퇴치 효과가 비슷하거나 더 우수하면서 저렴한 한국식 음향 기구를 개발할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 보호봉지인 UV 봉지와 플라스틱 보호캡 및 망사봉지 처리는 품종에 관계없이 피해를 현저하게 감소시켰으나, 과실의 착색 등 품질에 미치는 영향에 대해서 추가적인 연구와 검토가 필요한 것으로 생각되었다. To obtain basic data for low cost-high efficiency control methods for bird damage, the available control methods currently in use mostly in Chungbuk Province were tested on site, and the control efficiency was compared. Also, a comprehensive survey of actual bird damage and the control methods on model apple and pear growers in Chungbuk Province was conducted. The results are summarized as follows. The perfect control for bird damage was possible only through bird net, it was recommended that profit-and loss account must be considered before installing bird net, and when the 'standard bird net' does not come up to break-even point, more economic and convenient 'simplified bird net' should be a alternative. Actual extent of bird damage varied according to the locality, and imported acoustic apparatus BirdGard^R, development of our own system with superior or same quality and reasonable price is necessary. Fruit bags such as UV bags, plastic protective caps, and net bags were highly effective for bird damage control, irrespective of fruit species and cultivar, but further study to resolve some problems such as poor coloration caused by bagging is necessary.

중환자실에 입원한 세균성 폐렴환자에서 반정량적 procalcitonin 검사의 유용성

이승화,김철홍,김지연,박선욱,김용욱,현인규,우흥정,김현수 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.6

Background : In pulmonary infection, serum procalcitonin levels increase rapidly, probably in response to sepsis-related cytokine release from neuroendocrine cells of bronchial epithelium and inflammatory cells. We applied procalcitonin assay in critically ill patients with bacterial pneumonia. Materials and Methods : Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and show diffuse infiltrations in their chest X-ray were included. Quantitative bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture (≥10⁴ CFU/mL) was performed in all cases on the 5^(th) day of ICU admission. We excluded patients with structural lung disease, non-infectious lung infiltrations, and atypical infections such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pneumocystis jiroveci, and viruses. Serum procalcitonin levels were measured semi-quantitatively by using PCT-Q kit. Results : A total of 28 adult patients (M:F=23:5) were included: 11 (39.3%) medically-ill patients, 7 (25%) surgically-ill patients, and 10 (35.7%) burn patients. Serum procalcitonin level was <0.5 ng/mL in half of the cases (14/28) and ≥0.5 ng/mL in the remaining half of the cases. Compared to those with serum procalcitonin level of <0.5 ng/mL, patients with serum procalcitonin level of ≥0.5 ng/mL had more frequent mechanical ventilation, higher CRP/APACHE II scores/number of organ failure (P<0.05), and showed increased tendency for death (P=0.052). Positive bacterial BAL cultures were noted in 17 cases (60.7%). Of these, 7 cases (41.2%) showed serum procalcitonin level ≥0.5 ng/mL. Conclusions : High serum procalcitonin level seems to be closely associated with the severity and poor prognosis in critically ill patients with bacterial pneumonia. However, pneumonia could not be excluded with low level of procalcitonin among ICU patients.

척수손상 환자의 합병증에 대한 역학적 연구

박창일,신지철,김덕용,박지웅,정웅태,온석훈,임선희 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.6

[CORRESPONDENCE] Role of Putative Epigenetic Mechanisms in the Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma Effects in “Comfort Women” Survivor Offspring

Seon-Cheol Park 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.6

Karl Jaspers’ General Psychopathology (Allgemeine Psychopathologie) and Its Implication for the Current Psychiatry

Seon-Cheol Park 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.2

Karl Jaspers is a psychiatrist, philosopher, and humanist. In 1913, he published the General Psychopathology (GP; Allgemeine Psychopathologie), the first edition. Despite the passage of one hundred years after the GP was published, GP still has a potential value to present a phenomenological and comprehensive viewpoint for psychiatry to overcome Kraepelinian -biological absolutism. The philosophical backgrounds of a Jaspersian phenomenological sense have been related to both the transcendence and the immanence roots. Partly under the influence of a Husserlian distinction between the natural and phenomenological attitudes, a rigid distinction between explanation and understanding has been proposed as the proper epistemological method in Jaspers’ GP. Further, the fact that a distinction between process and development has been presented as the psychical phenomenon is understandable. The integrated and comprehensive viewpoint establishment for the state of “Babylonian confusion of tongues” in German psychiatry as well as the newly initiating phenomenological trend in psychiatry have been the legacies of Jaspers’ GP. Moreover, the common theoretical backgrounds may be shared by the Jaspersian sense and humanitarian approaches in Korean psychiatry. Also, the Jaspersian sense may help the current molecular psychiatry to have a chance to overcome its solipsism and limitations.

Development of Models for Regional Cardiac Surgery Centers

Park, Choon Seon,Park, Nam Hee,Sim, Sung Bo,Yun, Sang Cheol,Ahn, Hye Mi,Kim, Myunghwa,Choi, Ji Suk,Kim, Myo Jeong,Kim, Hyunsu,Chee, Hyun Keun,Oh, Sanggi,Kang, Shinkwang,Lee, Sok-Goo,Shin, Jun Ho,Kim, The Korean Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular 2016 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.49 No.1

Background: This study aimed to develop the models for regional cardiac surgery centers, which take regional characteristics into consideration, as a policy measure that could alleviate the concentration of cardiac surgery in the metropolitan area and enhance the accessibility for patients who reside in the regions. Methods: To develop the models and set standards for the necessary personnel and facilities for the initial management plan, we held workshops, debates, and conference meetings with various experts. Results: After partitioning the plan into two parts (the operational autonomy and the functional comprehensiveness), three models were developed: the 'independent regional cardiac surgery center' model, the 'satellite cardiac surgery center within hospitals' model, and the 'extended cardiac surgery department within hospitals' model. Proposals on personnel and facility management for each of the models were also presented. A regional cardiac surgery center model that could be applied to each treatment area was proposed, which was developed based on the anticipated demand for cardiac surgery. The independent model or the satellite model was proposed for Chungcheong, Jeolla, North Gyeongsang, and South Gyeongsang area, where more than 500 cardiac surgeries are performed annually. The extended model was proposed as most effective for the Gangwon and Jeju area, where more than 200 cardiac surgeries are performed annually. Conclusion: The operation of regional cardiac surgery centers with high caliber professionals and quality resources such as optimal equipment and facility size, should enhance regional healthcare accessibility and the quality of cardiac surgery in South Korea.

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Long-acting Injectable and Oral Second-generation Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Seon-Cheol Park,Miyoung Choi,Jin A Choi,Eunjung Park,Ha Jin Tchoe,Jae Kyung Suh,Young Hoon Kim,Seunghee Won,Young-Chul Chung,Kyung-Yeol Bae,Sang-Kyu Lee,Chan Mi Park,이승환 대한정신약물학회 2018 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.16 No.4

We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of long-acting injectable (LAI) and oral second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in treating schizophrenia by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, as well as five Korean databases, were systemically searched to identify studies published from 2000 to 16 April 2015, which compared the efficacy and safety of LAI and oral SGAs. Using data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analyses were conducted. In addition, the GRADE (the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach was applied to explicitly assess the quality of the evidence. A total of 30 studies including 17 RCTs and 13 observational studies were selected. The group treated with LAI SGAs was characterized by significantly lower relapse rates, longer times to relapse and fewer hospital days, but also by a higher occurrence of extrapyramidal syndrome and prolactin-related symptoms than that in the group treated with oral SGAs. Our findings demonstrate that there is moderate to high level of evidence suggesting that in the treatment of schizophrenia, LAI SGAs have higher efficacy and are associated with higher rates of extrapyramidal syndrome and prolactin-related symptoms. Additionally, the use of LAI SGAs should be combined with appropriate measures to reduce dopamine D2 antagonism-related symptoms.