Endoscopy and Imaging Modalities/Basic Science of Gastrointestinal Disorders/Miscellaneous : Assessment Of Lifestyle In Obese Children And Adolescents By Questionnaires

( Ky Young Cho ),( Byung Ho Choe ),( Hye Sook Park ),( Jeong Wan Seo ),( Jae Sung Ko ),( Jae Young Kim ),( Yong Joo Kim ),( Eell Ryoo ),( Sun Hwan Bae ),( Jea Geon Sim ),( Hye Ran Yang ),( Ji Ah Jung 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-

Background/Aims: The identification of specific behaviors conducive to overeating or inactivity is the comerstone of obesity management. The aim of this study is to assess the detailed lifestyle associated with obesity in children and adolescents by questionnaires. Methods: A total of 352 children and adolescents aged 6 to 16 years were included from 7 hospitals between May 2006 and January 2007. They completed parent and self reported questionnaires developed by the Committee on Nutrition of the Korean Pediatric Society. We divided them into normal, overweight and obese group. Data were analyzed by SAS (P<0.05). Results: The type of feeding and weight at birth, past medical history, the kind of food and exercise did not differ significantly between the normal, overweight and obese group (P<0.05). In both children and adolescents, the proportion of sedentary activity (>9 hr/day: 10.17% vs 26.23% vs 27.54%) and inappropriate dietary behaviors (strong appetite, high eating speed, eating without hunger, late meal time, etc) were significantly higher in overweight and obese group than in normal group (P<0.05). In adolescents, overweight and obese group had a positive correlation with television viewing (>2 hr/day: 5.88% vs 20% vs 25.49%) and with computer time (>1 hr/day: 25.72% vs 56.67% vs 46.61%) (P<0.05). Conclusions: Obesity management should include modification of dietary behaviors and sedentary activity. Consultation using questionnaires will be efficient in pediatric office.

Disorders of Gastrointestinal Motility & Sensation : Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction As The Initial Presentation Of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus In A 13-Year-Old Girl

( Ky Young Cho ),( Tae Young Khil ),( Hye Mi Ahn ),( Sun Wha Lee ),( Jeong Wan Seo ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-

Background/Aims: The intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IPO) is a rare and poorly understood manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), especially in children. It is characterized by clinical features of intestinal obstruction without identifiable obstructive lesion. Methods: We report a 13-year-old girl whose first symptom of SLE was IPO. The patient presented with a 3-day history of nausea, billous vomiting, abdominal distention and no stool passing. Results: Simple abdomen revealed mind dilatation with partial air-fluid level in the small intestine. Abdominal CT and methylcellulose small bowel studies showed massive ascites, engorgement of small mesenteric vessels, pleural effusion and diffuse bowel wall thickening of the gastric antrum, duodenum and jejunum. Delayed passage of contrast for 15 days after abdominal CT was suggestive of the decreased bowel motility. Laboratory finding were positive in ANA, anti-double stranded DNA, anti-Sm and lymphopenia. After a 10-day treatment with a high dose corticosteroid, the symptom was improved. Conclusions: IPO associated with SLE should be considered as a differential diagnosis for patients presenting the symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Early recognition of IPO in SLE and appropriate therapy are important for preventing complications and unnecessary surgery. Our case can raise awareness among pediatricians that although rare, IPO can be the presenting symptom of SLE in children.

Pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of microalgal <i>Aurantiochytrium</i> sp. KRS101

Vo, The Ky,Ly, Hoang Vu,Lee, Ok Kyung,Lee, Eun Yeol,Kim, Chul Ho,Seo, Jeong-Woo,Kim, Jinsoo,Kim, Seung-Soo Pergamon Press 2017 Energy Vol.118 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Microalgae have recently attracted tremendous attention as a possible feedstock for biofuel production. In this study, the pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of <I>Aurantiochytrium</I> sp. KRS101, a kind of heterotrophic oleaginous microalgae, were investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis and pyrolysis in a micro-tubing reactor. Most biochemical components of the microalgae (carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids) were decomposed between 150 and 600 °C at heating rates of 5–20 °C/min. Derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) curves were deconvoluted to more fully understand the separate decompositions of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Experimental results of pyrolysis in the micro-tubing reactor were consistent with the predictions of the proposed lumped kinetic model, and the kinetic rate constants indicated that the predominant reaction pathway under the investigated pyrolysis conditions was from biomass to bio-oil rather than from biomass to gas.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Systematic study and first attempt at pyrolysis of <I>Aurantiochytrium</I> sp. KRS101. </LI> <LI> Investigation of pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics by means of non-isothermal TGA and isothermal pyrolysis experiments. </LI> <LI> Study of the influence of pyrolysis conditions upon product yield distribution and composition. </LI> <LI> Application of a quantitative kinetic model and mechanism study for pyrolysis of microalgae. </LI> </UL> </P>

면역세포에서 Bioconversion 전후 제주 감귤 과피 추출물의 항염증 효과

서지은(Jieun Seo),임희진(Heejin Lim),장윤희(Yun-Hee Chang),박혜련(Hye-Ryeon Park),한복경(Bok-Kyung Han),정중기(Jung-Ky Jeong),최경숙(Kyoung-Sook Choi),박수범(Su-Beom Park),최혁준(Hyuk-Joon Choi),황진아(Jinah Hwang) 한국식품영양과학회 2015 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.44 No.3

감귤류와 감귤류의 과피는 오랜 기간 동양의학의 약재로 사용되어 왔고 최근에는 생과와 주스로 많이 소비되고 있다. 하지만 감귤류 가공 공정 시 많은 과피 부산물이 발생하므로 활용방안이 필요하다. 감귤류의 과피에는 플라바논(flavanone)이 풍부하며 이 플라바논의 형태 중 배당체보다 비배당체의 체내 흡수가 더 효과적이므로 비배당체가 생리적 효과가 더 뛰어나다. Bioconversion(물질전환)은 cytolase에 의해 narirutin과 naringin은 naringenin으로, hesperidin은 hesperetin으로 각각 전환되며, 본 연구는 감귤의 과피에 다량 존재하는 플라바논을 물질전환 한 뒤 면역세포에서 항산화 및 항염증 효과를 확인하였다. 물질전환 후에 감귤 과피 추출물의 전자공여능이 농도 의존적으로 높아지는 것을 확인하였고, 면역세포인 RAW264.7에 200, 500 μg/mL 감귤 bioconversion 전(CU)?후(CU-C) 과피 추출물을 4시간 동안 처리한 후 LPS(1 μg/mL, 8시간)를 처리하였다. 염증 관련 효소인 iNOS와 COX-2의 mRNA와 단백질 발현을 확인한 결과 물질전환과 관계없이 감귤 과피 추출물이 LPS에 의해 유도된 iNOS와 COX-2의 mRNA와 단백질 발현을 농도 의존적으로 감소시켰지만 물질전환 전보다 후 추출물의 억제 효과가 더 높았다. iNOS에 의해 생성되는 NO 역시 감귤 과피 추출물이 LPS에 의해 유도된 NO 생성을 억제시켰다. 본 연구 결과는 감귤 과피 추출물이 항산화와 항염증 생리활성을 보였지만 cytolase를 이용하여 물질전환 한 감귤 과피 추출물이 물질전환 전보다 이러한 생리활성이 강화됨을 보임으로써 향후 감귤류 부산물로 폐기되어온 감귤류 과피가 산화적 스트레스와 염증반응에 기인하는 만성질환을 위한 기능성 소재로 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다. 감귤 과피 추출물의 in vitro 상에서 검증된 항염증 효능이 향후에 in vivo 상에서 여러 염증 조직에 미치는 영향에 대한 추가 검증이 필요하다고 사료된다. Citrus and its peels, which are by-products from juice and/or jam processing, have long been used in Asian folk medicine. Citrus peels show an abundant variety of flavanones, and these flavanones have glycone and aglycone forms. Aglycones are more potent than glycones with a variety of physiological functions since aglycone absorption is more efficient than glycones. Bioconversion with cytolase converted narirutin and naringin into naringenin and hesperidin into hesperetin. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of bioconversion of Citrus unshiu (CU) peel extracts with cytolase (CU-C) in RAW264.7 cells. HPLC chromatograms showed that CU and CU-C had 23.42% and 29.39% total flavonoids, respectively. There was substantial bioconversion of narirutin to naringenin and of hesperidin to hesperetin. All citrus peel extracts showed DPPH scavenging activities in a dose-dependent manner, and CU-C was more potent than intact CU. RAW264.7 cells were pre-treated with 0∼500 μg/mL of citrus peel extracts for 4 h and then stimulated by 1 μg/mL of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 8 h. All citrus peel extracts showed decreased mRNA levels and protein expression of LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a dose-dependent manner. Especially, CU-C markedly inhibited mRNA and protein expression of iNOS and COX-2 compared to intact citrus peel extracts. All citrus peel extracts showed decreased NO production by iNOS activity. This result suggests that bioconversion of citrus peel extracts with cytolase may provide potent functional food materials for prevention of chronic diseases attributable to oxidation and inflammation by boosting the anti-inflammatory effects of citrus peels.

Bowel Wall Thickening on Computed Tomography in Children: A Novel Method of Measurement and Its Clinical Significance

Lee, Do Kyung,Cho, Ky Young,Cho, Hyun-hae,Seo, Jeong Wan The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2021 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.24 No.3

Purpose: The clinical implications of bowel wall thickening (BWT) on abdominal computed tomography (CT) among children are unknown. We aimed to suggest a new method for measuring BWT and determining its clinical significance in children. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 423 patients with acute abdomen who underwent abdominal CT; 262 were classified into the BWT group. For this group, the pediatric radiologist described the maximal bowel wall thickness (MT), normal bowel wall thickness (mm) (NT), and their ratios for each segment of the bowel wall. Results: In the thickened bowel walls, the thickness differed significantly between the small bowel (6.83±2.14 mm; mean±standard deviation) and the colon (8.56±3.46 mm; p<0.001). The ratios of MT to NT in the small bowel (6.09±3.17) and the colon (7.58±3.70) were also significantly different (p<0.001). In the BWT group, 35 of 53 patients had positive fecal polymerase chain reaction results; 6 patients infected with viruses predominantly had BWT in the small intestine, while the terminal ileum and the colon were predominantly affected in 29 patients with bacterial infections. In the initially undiagnosed 158 patients with BWT, the symptoms improved spontaneously without progression to chronic gastrointestinal disease. Conclusion: This study provides a clinical reference value for BWT in the small intestine and colon using a new method in children. The BWT on abdominal CT in children might indicate nonspecific findings that can be observed and followed up without additional evaluation, unlike in adults.

소아청소년 비만에서 생활습관과 대사증후군의 연관성

조기영,박혜숙,서정완,Cho, Ky-Young,Park, Hye-Sook,Seo, Jeong-Wan 대한소아소화기영양학회 2008 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.11 No.2

목 적: 소아청소년의 생활양식은 성인이 되어서도 지속되므로 소아청소년기에 건강한 생활습관을 길들이는 것이 중요하다. 소아청소년기에 일상적인 생활습관과 대사위험인자와의 연관성을 파악하여 중재한다면 대사증후군을 조기에 예방할 수 있을 것이다. 소아청소년 비만에서 대사증후군의 조기 예방 및 중재를 위하여 대사증후군과 생활습관과의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 이화여자대학교 목동병원 소아청소년과 비만클리닉을 방문한 비만한 소아청소년 109명을 대상으로, 의무기록과 혈액검사를 후향적으로 검토하였다. 비만한 소아청소년은 대한소아과학회 영양위원회에서 생활습관을 파악하기 위하여 구성한 설문지를 작성하였으며, 12시간 금식 후 혈액검사를 받았다. 대사증후군은 대사위험인자 6개 중 3개 이상으로 정의하였다. 대사위험인자는 비만; 2007년 소아청소년 신체발육 표준치에 따른 체질량지수 ${\geq}95$ 백분위수, 고혈압; 연령별 성별 수축기 혹은 이완기 혈압 ${\geq}90$ 백분위수, 공복시 혈청 중성지방 ${\geq}90$110 mg/dL, HDL-콜레스테롤 ${\leq}$40 mg/dL, 혈당 ${\geq}$110 mg/dL, 인슐린 ${\geq}20{\mu}g/dL$이었다. 결 과: 비만한 소아청소년을 대상으로 하였으므로 모두 대사위험인자가 적어도 1개 이상 있었다. 대사위험인자가 2개 이상 군집을 이룬 경우는 63%, 3개 이상 32%, 4개 이상 10%였다. 고중성지방혈증은 36%, 고혈압은 32%, 고인슐린혈증은 24%, HDL-저콜레스테롤혈증은 20%였다. 공복 시 혈당은 모두 정상이었다. 부모중 적어도 한 명이 비만한 가정의 비만 자녀에서 고인슐린혈증이 유의하게 많았다(p<0.05). 편식을 하는 비만한 소아청소년에서 고혈압이 유의하게 많았다 (p<0.05). 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석에서 오후 8시 이후에 저녁이나 야식을 먹는 비만한 소아청소년은 고혈압 위험이 2.5배(95% 신뢰구간: 1.0~6.1) 높았다. 운동을 좋아하지 않는 비만한 소아청소년은 고인슐린혈증 위험이 10.4배(95% 신뢰구간: 2~54.1), 하루에 3시간 이상 TV시청하는 비만한 소아청소년은 대사증후군에 걸릴 위험이 4.8배(95% 신뢰구간: 1.2~18.8) 높았다. 결 론: 소아청소년 비만에서 저녁이나 야식을 늦게 먹는 습관, 운동을 선호하지 않음, 하루 3시간 이상 TV 시청하는 일상 생활습관이 대사증후군과 연관이 있었다. Purpose: To assess the relationship between lifestyle and metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and laboratory results of 109 subjects (7~15 years of age) who visited our pediatric obesity clinic between January 2004 and December 2007. They completed the parent- and self-report questionnaire developed by the Committee on Nutrition of the Korean Pediatric Society to assess lifestyle. The metabolic syndrome was defined as having 3 or more of the following metabolic risk factors: obesity, hypertension, serum triglycerides ${\geq}$110 mg/dL, HDL-cholesterol ${\leq}$40 mg/dL, fasting glucose ${\geq}$110 mg/dL, and insulin ${\geq}20{\mu}IU/mL$. Results: All subjects had at least 1 risk factor (obesity). Sixty-three percent of subjects had 2 or more risk factors, 32% of subjects had 3 or more risk factors, and 10% had 4 or more metabolic risk factors. Hypertriglyceridemia (36%), hypertension (32%), hyperinsulinemia (24%), and HDL-hypocholesterolemia (20%) were observed. Fasting blood glucose levels were normal in all subjects. Hypertension was significantly associated with an unbalanced diet and hyperinsulinemia was significantly associated with parental obesity (p<0.05). Those who ate after 8 PM were at a risk of hypertension (odds ratio, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.0~6.1). Those who did not have a preference for exercise were at a risk of hyperinsulinemia (odds ratio, 10.4; 95% CI, 2~54.1). Those who watched TV for ${\geq}$3 hours/day were at a risk of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio, 4.8; 95% CI, 1.2∼18.8). Conclusion: Lifestyle, such as eating late, no preference for exercise, and TV watching ${\geq}$3 hours/day, were related to metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents.

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction as the initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus in a 13-year-old girl

조기영,길태영,안혜미,이선화,서정완,Cho, Ky Young,Khil, Tae Young,Ahn, Hye Mi,Lee, Sun Wha,Seo, Jeong Wan The Korean Pediatric Society 2008 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.51 No.6

전신 홍반 루푸스는 다양한 증상으로 발현되는 자가면역질환이다. 위장관 증상도 질환의 경과 중에 나타날 수 있으나, 장 가성 폐쇄로 처음 진단되는 경우는 소아에서 매우 드물다. 장 가성 폐쇄는 원발성 또는 속발성으로 장의 평활근이나 신경계에 이상이 있어 해부학적 원인 없이 장폐쇄의 증상과 징후가 나타나는 것이며, 장폐쇄로 인하여 수술을 하였다는 보고도 있다. 그러나 장 가성 폐쇄가 전신 홍반 루푸스에 속발한 경우 장간막 혈관의 폐쇄와 장괴사로 진행하기 전에 조기에 진단하고 치료하면 합병증을 예방하고 수술을 피할 수 있다. 저자들은 장 가성 폐쇄의 증상으로 내원한 13세 여아에서 전신 홍반 루푸스를 진단하여, 불필요한 수술을 피하고 조기에 치료한 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IPO) is a rare and poorly understood manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), especially in children. The characteristic clinical feature of IPO is obstruction without an identifiable obstructive lesion. The authors a 13-year-old girl whose first symptom of SLE was IPO. The patient presented with a 3-day history of nausea, bilious vomiting, abdominal distention, and no bowel movement. Simple abdominal radiographs revealed mild dilatation with partial air-fluid levels in the small intestine. Abdominal CT and methylcellulose small bowel studies showed massive ascites, engorgement of the small mesenteric vessels, pleural effusion, and diffuse bowel wall thickening of the gastric antrum, duodenum. and jejunum. The delayed passage of contrast for 15 days after the methylcellulose small bowel studies was suggestive of decreased bowel motility. Laboratory findings were positive for ANA, anti-double-stranded DNA, anti-Smith and lymphopenia. After 10-day treatment with high-dose corticosteroids, the symptoms improved. IPO associated with SLE should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Early recognition of IPO in SLE and appropriate therapy are important for prevention of complications and unnecessary surgery. This case raises awareness among pediatricians that although rare, IPO can be the presenting symptom of SLE in children.

Effect of Enrofloxacin (Baytril Premix)for the Treatment and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases in Swine

예재길,서정기,박경윤,김병기,김용희,Yeh Jae-Gil,Seo Jeong-Ky,Park Kyung-Yoon,Kim Byeung-Gie,Kim Yong-Hee The Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics 1992 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.9 No.2

돼지의 호흡기질병을 효과적으로 치료 및 예방하고자 Enrofloxacin(Baytril premix)를 사료에 혼합하여 호흡기질병이 산발적으로 발생하고 있는 돈군에 투여하여 호흡기질병의 치료여부, 증체량, 사료요구율, 폐병변치 등을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 육성돈군에 Enrofloxacin(Baytril premix)를 10일간 급여하였던 바 증체량은 33일동안 31kg이었으나 대조구에서는 20.5kg으로써 통계적 유의차를 보였으며(p<0.05), 사료요구율도 개선되었고(p<0.05), 호흡기질병의 임상증상도 없어졌다. 2. 폐병변조사에서 Baytril 급여구에서는 평균 폐병변의 형성정도는 전체 폐면적의 7.92%이었으나 대조구에서는 15.8%의 심한 병변이 형싱되어 있었다. 3. 공시농장에서 발생하고 있는 호흡기질병은 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae에 의한 흉막폐렴, Mycoplasma성 유행성폐렴 및 Pasteurella multocida에 의한 폐렴 등이었다. For the purpose of effective treatment and prevention of porcine respiratory diseases, Enrofloxacin(Baytril premix) was administered in the feed to trial herd occurred sporadically the respiratory diseases and then a serious investigation was carried out on the therapeutic effect, weight gain, feed conversion rate and lung lesion scoring. The results obtained were as follows, 1. The grower pigs which were administered with Baytril premix for 10 days gained the average body weight of 31kg for 33 days compared to 20.5kg of control group(p<0.05). Also drastical improvement of feed conversion rate(p<0.05) and disappearance of clinical signs were approved. 2. Average scorings of lung lesions were 7.92% in the medication group and 15.8% in the control group respectively. 3. Respiratory diseases outbreaked in the trial farm were pleuropneumonia caused by Actinobacillus (Haemophilus)pleuropneumoniae, Mycoplasmal pneumonia and Pasteurellosis.

Development of Atlas System in Pathology PACS

Jong Hyeon Baek,Seong Jin Hwang,Jung Min Yoon,Byoung Ky Kang,Peom Park,Jeong Wook Seo,Sung Hye Park 대한인간공학회 2012 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.5

Objective: The aim of this study is to update the current pathology PACS which is able to retrieve and extract digitalized diagnostic pathology text data and images, create each pathologist's personal atlas projects, and provide the opportunity to use pathological data for the educational purpose. Background: The limitation of current pathology PACS includes that the most of pathology data can be obtained just based upon the pathology ID numbers for the diagnostic work efficacy, and it can used only inside of the hospital. The other limitation is that when it is necessary to use patients' pathological data for the educational purpose, it is not easy to export interesting pathological data directly and keep patients' confidentiality. Method: This study was performed to update current PACS, Atlas, which functions to retrieve and extract interesting data from pathology PACS database and data pool, keep patients' personal information such as patients' hospital and pathology ID numbers, and allow pathologists to use personal library effectively outside working area using presentation and viewer functions of newly updated system. Conclusion: It is expected that using newly updated pathology PACS, Atlas, it is possible for pathologists to manage own personal library and establish the scientifically useful pathological data pool. And it can be useful for the educational purpose by using functions of creating pathology atlas and preparing presentation materials.

Metabolic Syndrome Is an Independent Risk Factor for Acquired Premature Ejaculation

Seong Uk Jeh,Sol Yoon,Jae Hwi Choi,Jungmo Do,Deok Ha Seo,Sin Woo Lee,See Min Choi,Chunwoo Lee,Sung Chul Kam,Jeong Seok Hwa,Ky Hyun Chung,Ho Won Kang,Jae Seog Hyun 대한남성과학회 2019 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.37 No.2

Purpose: To determine the role of metabolic syndrome (MetS) as a risk factor for acquired premature ejaculation (PE) after considering the various risk factors, such as lower urinary tract symptoms, erectile dysfunction, hypogonadism, and prostatitis. Materials and Methods: From January 2012 to January 2017, records of 1,029 men were analyzed. We performed multivari-ate analysis to identify risk factors for PE, including the covariate of age, marital status, International Prostate Symptom Score, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score, National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) score, serum testosterone levels, and all components of MetS. Acquired PE was defined as self-reported intravaginal ejacula-tion latency time ≤3 minutes, and MetS was diagnosed using the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Results: Of 1,029 men, 74 subjects (7.2%) had acquired PE and 111 (10.8%) had MetS. Multivariate analysis showed that the IIEF overall satisfaction score (odds ratio [OR]=0.67, p<0.001), NIH-CPSI pain score (OR=1.07, p=0.035), NIH-CPSI voiding score (OR=1.17, p=0.032), and presence of MetS (OR=2.20, p=0.022) were significantly correlated with the prevalence of acquired PE. In addition, the Male Sexual Health Questionnaire for Ejaculatory Dysfunction scores and ejaculation anxiety scores progressively decreased as the number of components of MetS increased. Conclusions: MetS may be an independent predisposing factor for the development of acquired PE. Effective prevention and treatment of MetS could also be important for the prevention and treatment of acquired PE.