가야산 국립공원일대의 식생 및 식물상 연구 : 단지봉 지역을 중심으로 Especially on the Danji-bong Area

박광우,권영한,최경,오승환,김동갑,김주환 한국환경생물학회 2005 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.23 No.1

본 조사지역인 가야산국립공원은 지리학적으로는 북위 35?5′00″~35?9′30″, 동경 128?2′30″~128?09′30″에 위치하고, 행적구역상으로는 경상남도의 합천군과 거창군, 경상북도의 성주군, 고령군에 걸쳐 있으며, 총면적은 57.81 km꼬?이른다. 가야산은 우리나라 기후지역상 온대남부에 위치하고, 식물구계학적으로는 남부아구에, 식생구계학상으로는 냉온대에 속하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 또한, 전체면적의 약 82.5%가 해발 600m 이상이며, 1,000m이상이 약 10.3%에 해당된다. 가야산의 해인사-극락골-토신골 지역은 잘 보존된 소나무림이 우점하고 있고, 부분적으로 노각나무가 산생하는 것이 관찰되었으며, 해인사-진대밭골-두리봉 지역은 계곡에는 소나무와 졸참나무가 고지대에는 신갈나무 등이 부분적으로 군락을 형성하고 있었다. 또한 남산제일봉과 북사면은 각각 등산로와 임도가 형성되어 있어 소나무와 졸참나무, 신갈나무 등이 혼재된 양상을 나타내었고, 백운동계곡 주변은 다른 사면과 달리 식생의 발달정도가 소나무와 관목위주로 매우 단순했다. 특기할만한 점은 상왕봉 주변에서 흰참꽃, 설앵초, 네귀쓴풀, 백리향, 솔나리, 구름송이풀 등의 희귀 또는 고산성 식물들이 분포하는 것이 확인되었다. 가야산국립공원지역에 분포하는 양치식물 이상의 관속식물을 대상으로 조사한 결과 91과 268속 373종 1아종 75변종 12품종 4잡종으로 총 465분류군이 조사 확인되었으며, 이는 우리나라 관속식물 4,071 분류군의 11.4%에 해당되었다. 한국특산식물은 11과 15속 15분류군으로 조사지역내 분포하는 465분류군중 약 3.2%이며. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 17과 21속 25분류군으로 이는 가야산 소산식물 465분류군의 5.4%이었고, 조사지역에 분포하는 귀화식물은 5과 7속 7분류군으로 우리 나라전체 귀화식물종 177종류의 4%이다. 또한 가야산 단지봉(1,028.5m)에서 새로 발견된 산간습지 (forested wetland)와 자란초 자생 군락지에 대해 식생 및 층위별 종조성을 토대로 현존 식생 구조를 분석하였다. This study aims to investigate the flora of Mt. Gaya National Park, especially focused on the forested wetland vegetation of Danji-bong area. The flora of Mt. Gaya was investigated from April in 2003 to October in 2004. Vascular plants of this area consist of total 465 taxa, 4 hybrids, 12 forma, 75 varieties, 1 subspecies, 373 species, 268 genera, 91 families. It corresponds to 11.4% of totally 4,071 taxa appeared in Korea. Korean endemic plants were composed 11 families, 15 genera, 14 species, 1 variety and totaling 15 taxa. And also actual vegetation structures were analyzed the newly founded forested wetland and natural population Ajuga spectabilis on the Danji- bong area using the vegetation and the species composition by tree layer.

커뮤니티공간으로서의 어린이공원 조성에 관한 연구

김연금,김성주,박환지,유다희,최성용,홍승모,Kim, Yun-Geum,Kim, Seong-Joo,Park, Hwan-Ji,Yu, Da-Hee,Choi, Sung-Young,Hong, Seung-Mo 한국조경학회 2008 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.35 No.6

This study deals with the participatory design process of renovating a children's park. The process should proceed with two major elements. Firstly, the children's park should be designed from the perspective of children. Secondly, it should be designed in consideration of the context of the community. This study is divided into two parts. First is the review of theory concerning the meaning and roles of the children's park as a community space, the importance of children's participation in the design and the participatory method of the children. The second is the case study. The site for the case study is Ssial Park in Nowon-Gu, Seoul. The entire process of the case study is with community participation, from identifying the park's problems to the actual construction. At every step, through the participatory programs, the community participates in the decision making. In addition, mutual understanding among participants is pursued through diverse means of communication. The following results of the case study were found. Firstly, diverse participatory programs and the active trial to enable the community to communicate contribute to the sense of ownership and responsibility concerning the park Secondly, the community can negotiate the differences in opinions without needing the help of experts. Of course, there are limits in the case study, such as the fact that the community organization, which is the core of communication and maintenance concerning the park, is not organized through the process of a case study. Another is that more diverse methods, which inform all community members of the participatory process, should have been used.

의약품의 효능별 안전성·유효성 평가에 관한 조사연구(Ⅰ) : 항균제 Antiboiotics

박윤주,최기환,김동섭,박인숙,정면우,임화경,오우용,강주희,박찬웅,김주일 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

새로운 물질이 개발되어 신약으로 탄생하기까지 많은 시간과 노력, 예산이 필요하다. 최근, 우리 나라에서도, 신약캐발이 어릴고 힘든 분야이지만 새로운 신약개발을 총해 얻어지는 분가가치가 막대함을 인식, 연구에 박차를 가하 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는, 의약품 개발 선진국인 미국 FDA에서 발행하는 참고자료 중 항균제 임상편가에 대한 가이드라인 및 주요 임상적응증별 항균제 기발(지역사획회득성 폐렴, 원내감염성 계렴, 급성기관지염의 2차세균감염, 만성기지염의 급성세균성 악화, 연쇄구균에 의한 인두영 및 편도염 , 단순성 요로감염증, 복합성 요로감염증 및 신우신영, 급성 세균성 부비동옆, 항 바이러스제 개발시 전임상단계에서 고려사항, 항 바이러스제 허가와 된련 잉상적 고려사항, 카레타 괸련 혈류감염)에 있어서의 파이드라인 등의 자료를 소개함으로져, 향후 제약사의 항균제 신약개발 및 허가 신청된 의악품의 전임상차료 및 잉상시험자료의 검토 평가업무에 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Changing or unclear interpretations of clinical trial data needed to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of antimicrobial drug products have a times led to confusion and frustration on the part of both applicants and division of these drug products reviewers. The FDA published guidance on desing clinical protocols, implementing, and analyzing data from clinical trials for antimicrobial drug products has been presented and additional companion guidances introduced specific issues to individual infections. This document provides applicants and reviewers with minimal information appropriate for the clinical development of routine antimicrobial drug products and identifies issues common to many antimicrobial drug applications. The agency can use the kind of information to determine whether the antimicrobial drug product under study is safe and effective in the treatment of the specific infection studied.

노인의 사회체육활동과 생활만족의 관계

박남환,오주훈 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1996 科學論集 Vol.22 No.-

This study was carried out to examine the relation between social athletic physical activities and life satisfaction of the old from the 450 old men and 550 old women over 65 years of age who have lived in Daegu metropolitan city through questionnaires. The results are as follows. First, a participation of the elder into social athletic activities contributes to improve the satisfaction on their spare time rather than that of achievement or belonging. Second, a participation of the elder into social athletic activities contributes to clear up their solitary feeling in comparison with the belonging and achievement. Third, a participation of the elder into social athletic activities make a contribution to improve the level of life satisfaction in comparison with the individual characteristic achievement and belonging characteristics.

감압 플래싱 증발에 대한 실험적 연구

박일환,김주형 한국기술교육대학교 2001 論文集 Vol.8 No.1

ABSTRACT In order to investigate the fundamental features of flashing phenomena of compressed water under rapid depressurization, spray experiments have been carried out. Experimental results indicate that the patterns of flashing spray depend upon the temperature difference between the liquid temperature and the saturation temperature corresponding to its pressure. It was also confirmed that flashing evaporation in long nozzle go on more vigorous than in short nozzles under the same experimental condition. The temperature distribution in the spray flow maintains the state of high temperature before the breakup of the liquid column and after the breakup of liquid column, go on in equilibrium with ambient temperature. The spray angle increase with the increase of liquid temperature, and the maximum value of the spray angle depend upon injection pressure and the ratio of diameter to length of the nozzle. The vapor mass fraction in depressuring flashing evaporation is mainly affected at first by the evaporation of bubble growth, and after that affected by evaporation due to the degree of superheat. It was confirmed that depressuring flashing phenomenon features depends on mainly not only injection pressure but also the ratio of diameter to length of nozzle.

일 지역 노인의 규칙적 운동수행에 영향을 미치는 요인

박연환,김주현,김희자 성인간호학회 2002 성인간호학회지 Vol.14 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing regular exercise of the elderly in discriminating regular exercise and non - regular exercise groups. Method: The subjects of this study were 167 elderly over the age of 60, living in a rural city in Korea. The data was collected by interview and self report questionnaire in 1999. The Cronbach 's alpha of scales used this study were .66 ∼.97. Result: 1. There were significant differences in doing regular exercise between the perceived importance of the health(p=021), the perceived health status(p=.050), the perceived need of the exercise(p=000), the perceived importance of the exercise(p=.000), the intent of participation in the exercise program(p=.000), IADL score(p=.022), the perceived benefits of exercise (p=.000), the emotion of exercise(p=.000), HPLP(p=.000), the self efficacy(p=.001), the perceived benefits of health promoting behaviors(p= .011), the perceived barriers of the health promoting behaviors(p=.002), and the Internal locus of control (p=.021) of the elderly. 2. Variables which showed significance for discriminating regular exercise of the elderly in this study were the perceived need of the exercise(p=.000) and the perceived benefits of the exercise(p=.000). By using the combination of these variables, the possibility of proper prediction for predicting regular exercise group was 84.8%, non - regular exercise group was 93.9%, and total Hit ratio was 89.4%. Conclusion: To improve exercise behavior in older adults, health care providers should focus of developing interventions to strengthen the perceived benefits, the perceived needs of the exercise.

합성섬유보강 콘크리트의 구속수축균열 제어특성연구

박제선,윤경구,이주형,최성용,김태환 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 1999 석재연 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

최근에 폴리프로필렌 섬유를 첨가하여 콘크리트의 인성을 증가시키고, 균열에 대한 저항성을 향상시키고자 하는 노력이 계속되어 왔다. 그러나 첨가된 섬유의 구조에 대한 이해부족으로 인하여 연구자들간에 실험결과에 대한 해석이 상이한 경우가 많았다. 이러한 연구의 일환으로 섬유의 첨가에 따른 건조수축 균열의 조절 가능성을 분석하기 위하여 섬유의 첨가에 따른 유동성과 건조수축의 변화를 조사하였다. 섬유의 첨가에 따른 유동성의 변화와 건조수축을 측정하기 위한 강제링 시편을 제작하였다. 본 연구에서는 섬유를 첨가한 콘크리트의 역학적 거동특성인 압축강도, 휨강도, 인성, 그리고 균열특성을 실험적으로 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 강도 및 건조수축특성을 규명하기 위하여 수행되었고 섬유의 영향으로 인한 건조수축특성을 예견할 수 있다. Polypropylene Fibers have been used to increase the toughness of concrete and to increase the resistance to crack formation. However, there are many contradictory argument about the effectiveness of the fiber due to the lack of knowledge about the mechanism of fiber in concrete. In order to study the effect of fibers on possible crack control, the effects of fibers on workability and drying shrinkage have been studied. The workability change due to the addition of fibers has been studied, and full size concrete steel ring specimen have been cast at field to investigate the effect of fibers on the shrinkage properties. This laboratory have been performed to obtain the properties of pp fiber reinforced concrete such as compressive, flexural strength, toughness, slump, drying shrinkage crack and drying shrinkage characteristics. The present study was performed clarify the strength and drying shrinkage properties. From these results, we can expect the effect of the admixtures of polypropylene fiber for concrete and mortar about strength and drying shrinkage properties.

의정부시의 도시경관 기초자료 도출을 위한 주민의식 조사

서주환,최현상,승지현,박대우 경희대학교 디자인연구원 2004 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.7 No.1

As various values become respected with changing paradigm. Our modern cities are characterized by indetermination ever. Change of life style make people concerned more about city environment. Our contemporary society has gradually respected and sportlighted the importance of human being as principal, and conventional awareness about urban environment has been changing owing to higher interest in 'a life quality in the city' than ever, We have beer preferred an urban environment planning to make city more sustainable and agreeable scape. But nowaday, resident's demands actively reflect on city planning them ever to make satisfaction in city life. This study aims to investigate positive landscape factors and create urban image-map in order to find out instinctive data use on urban environment planning. It can be introduce sustainable and agreeable city scape in Uijung-Bu.

도시와 농촌의 공공디자인 비교 연구

서주환,여화선,박선영 경희대학교 부설 디자인연구원 2007 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.10 No.1

The topic for the 21st century is culture and technology. Especially, public design is not only the power to advance competitive power for the region, but also has the ability to give the greatest effect by the least investments. The easiest way to provide affluent daily lives to the residents is to utilize the beautiful street furniture and to enjoy the designs. Now, cities have great interest in public designs and various projects are progressing. However, agricultural districts have lack in public designs and development for it is insufficient. Therefore, agricultural districts also need progress of public designs and this study initiated by the purpose of inducting public designs for the rural communities. In this research, the 4 conditions, fitness, aesthetic sense, creativity, and economical efficiency of public designs for cities and rural communities has been analyzed. Moreover, it was understood that public design should be deliberated by the atmosphere of the circumferences. The public designs of agricultural districts should adequate fitness, aesthetic sense, creativity, and economical efficiency. At the same time, adjectivity, consistency, rationality and efficiency should be devised. In addition, rural communities should be compared by the examples of cities based on the life of agricultural districts and it should be developed emphasized on the legions characteristics. Rural communities should be preserved and harmonize with the circumferences.

GIS를 이용한 산림녹지역의 경관변화분석 : 식생지수(NDVI)중심으로

서주환,이시영,이종성,박남옥 경희대학교 부설 디자인연구원 1999 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.2 No.1

The purpose of this study is to find out Landscape Change Analysis of Forestland Using NDVI of Landsat TM on Suwon, Anyang, Sungnam, Ansan City as the subject of investigation. The characteristics of landscape change of them are as follows : 1. As a result of landcover classification in each area, the forestland decressed by 22.8% in Ansan, 21.2% in Suwon, 3.7% in Anyang and 3.1% in Sungnam. 2. By the change of landscape in NDVI indicated by band4 and band3 of Landsat TM, total incresmemt is Suwon(0.0155), Anyang(0.0239), Sungnam(0.0371), Ansan(0.0049) in 1993. therefore the quality of vegetation seems to be analysized as Sungnam > Anyang > Suwon > Ansan city. 3. In the 6, 7 level of NDVI which is very importance in enviromental impact asscesment, it is indicated that the place of some problem about landscape management in ecological health is Ansan city a mong of them because the area of that decreased in NDVI.