피개교합(overbite)양상에 따른 성인 Ⅰ급 부정교합자의 측모특성

오권홍,남동석 대한치과교정학회 2000 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.30 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 피개교합 양상에 따른 성인 I급 부정교합자의 골격적 특징과 수직부조화를 야기하는 치성 및 골격성 요인들을 분석하기 위한 것이다. 서울대학교 치과대학 교정학교실에 소장되어 있는 정상교합군 표본 중 40명을 정상교합군, 서울대학교병원 교정과에 내원하여 I급 부정교합으로 진단받은 성인 환자중 전치부 수직피개량이 -0.1mm 이하인 40명을 개방교합군, 4.0mm이상인 40명을 과개교합군으로 선정하여 측모 두부 X-선 계측사진을 촬영하였다. 46개의 계측항목을 선정하고 SPSS program을 이용하여 각 군별 ANOVA, 판별분석, 다중회귀분석을 시행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1.주로 하악골 형태와 하안면부의 치성, 골격성 요인이 수직부조화의 양상에 많은 영향을 끼쳤다. 2.개방교합군의 수직부조화 양상은 하안면부에서 두드러지게 나타났으며 하악골 형태와 하악하연평면 경사도와 관련이 있었고, 판별분석 결과 골격적 요인의 기여도가 높았다. 3.과개교합자의 수직부조화에는 주로 curve of Spee, 상악구치의 수직고경 등 치성 요인들의 기여도가 높았으며, 골격적 요인으로는 arcticular angle의 기여도가 높았다. 4.다중회귀분석 결과 I급 구치관계를 갖는 성인에서 overbite의 결정요인에는 주로 하악전치와 교합평면각, curve of Spee, 절치간 각도 등의 치성요인이 기여하였다. This study was investigated to evaluate the morphologic characteristics of openbite and deep bite in Class I malocclusion patients and to find skeletodental factors which contributed to vertical discrepancy in Class I malocclusion. The subjects were consisted of 40 control subjects (male 20, female 20) and 40 Class I openbite patients and 40 Class I deep bite patients. Lateral cephalograms in centric occlusion were taken, traced and digitized for each subjects. The computerized statistical analysis were carried out with SPSS program. The results were as follows. 1.The pattern of vertical discrepancy in Class I malocclusion is mainly influenced by the skeletodental factors under palatal plane. 2.In openbite group, vertical discrepancy is prominent on anterior lower face and is closely related with skeletal factors such as mandibular form and inclination. 3.In deep bite group, dental factors such as curve of Spee, vertical height of maxillary molar and skeletal factor such as articular angle were contributed to the vertical discrepancy. 4.The multiple regression analysis showed that overbite in Class I molar relationship was determined mainly by dental factors such as lower incisor to occlusal plane angle, curve of Spee, interincisal angle, and ODI.

면접조사를 통한 초등학생의 영양교육 실태 및 실천도 조사

오유진,이영미,김정현,안홍석,김정원,박혜련,서정숙,김경원,권오란,박혜경,이은주,성현이 대한지역사회영양학회 2008 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.13 No.4

This study investigated the experience and practice of elementary school students on nutrition education. The data were collected from 217 male and female students attending 5-6th grade elementary schools in Seoul and Kyunggi-Do from March to June 2007, interviewing face to face by a nutrition teacher and 3 interns of a nutrition teacher. The results were as follows: 86.5% of the subjects learned about ‘Table etiquette’, ‘Reasons for eating fruits and vegetables’ (78.7%), ‘Food waste and environment’ (72.3%), ‘Healthy snacks’ (55.7%), ‘Food sanitation’ (52.3%), ‘Food culture of foreign countries’ (48.1%). Nutrition education experience was significantly different by gender. A total of 43.5% boys responded that they never learned about ‘basic food preperation’ (p < 0.01). They had learned ‘Nutrients for body’ and ‘Food waste and environment’ in school, ‘Healthy weight loss’, ‘Food culture of foreign countries’, ‘Food circulation’ on television, Most content (‘Table etiquette’, ‘Simple cooking’, ‘Food sanitati n’, ‘Eating behaviors for health’, ‘Reasons for eating fruits and vegetables’, ‘Healthy snacks’) was learned from parents. The practice after nutrition education was higher in ‘Table etiquette’ (2.14), ‘Eating fruits and vegetables’ (2.07) than others compared with education experience. The most reason of non-practice on nutrition information was ‘Troublesome’. In ‘Nutrients for body’, a boy answered ‘Difficult for practice’ 20.0%, a girl answered ‘Difficult to understand’ 32.6%, showing a significant difference between the gender groups (p < 0.001). They remembered the ‘Nutrients for body’ (49.6%), ‘Food sanitation’ (44.5%) because of ‘important content’,‘Basic food preparation’ (40.6%), ‘Food culture of foreign countries’ (36.3%) because of ‘interesting content’, ‘Healthy weight loss’ (52.0%), ‘Eating behavior for health’ (44.5%) and ‘Healthy snacks’ (33.7%) because of ‘need for my health’.

병렬 결함 테스트 및 결함 포용 기능을 갖는 메모리 설계

권오형,홍성제 위덕대학교 부설 전자기술연구소 1999 전자기술연구소 논문집 : 위덕대 Vol.3 No.1

본 논문에서는 병렬 테스트가 가능하도록 메모리의 셀 어레이를 독립적인 여러 셀블록으로 구분하고, 셀블록들이 동시에 테스트에 참여할 수 있는 메모리를 설계하였다. 본 연구에서는 1Gb 기억용량이며, 4096개의 256Kb 셀블록으로 구성된 메모리를 설계하였다. 결함 발생시는 결함 셀블록을 고립시키는 graceful capacity degradation 방법을 이용한 결함 포용 회로를 설계하였다. 제안된 1Gb 메모리는 병렬 테스팅을 수행하기 때문에 4096배의 테스트 속도를 보인다. This paper proposes techniques, which perform parallel testing operation and graceful capacity degradation in case of memory fault. We present a 1 giga-bit memory with the techniques as an example. The proposed techniques offer a reduced testing time and an improved yield for high capacity memories.

자돈에 있어 게르마늄 용질액의 급여가 성장 및 혈액학적 변화에 미치는 영향

홍종욱,권오석,민병준,조진호,진영걸,손경승,강종옥,김인호 한국국제농업개발학회 2004 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.16 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 이산화게르마늄을 함유한 게르마늄 용질액을 자돈에 급여하였을 때 성장 및 혈액학적 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 3원 교잡종 자돈 60두 (평균체중 11.22±0.10㎏)를 공시하였다. 시험설계는 옥수수-대두박 위주의 대조구(CON)와, 대조구 사료내 게르마늄 용질액을 0.5 ppm 첨가한 구(GC0.5) 및 대조구 사료내 게르마늄 용질액을 1.0 ppm 첨가한 구(GC1.0)로 3개 처리를 하였다. 0-10일간 사양시험기간동안, 일당증체량에 있어서 GC0.5 처리구가 약간 높게 평가되었다(quadratic effect, P<0.02). 그러나 전체 시험기간동안, 일당증체량, 일당사료섭취량 및 사료효율에 있어서 처리구간에 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 영양소 소화율에 있어서는 GC0.5 처리구가 조회분(linear effect, P<0.01; quadratic effect, P<0.04), 칼슘(linear effect, P<0.01; quadratic effect, P<0.01), 인 (linear effect, P<0.02; quadratic effect, P<0.04) 소화율이 유의적으로 높게 평가되었다. 혈액내 neutrophil 농도에 있어서는 게르마늄 용질액의 첨가 수준이 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다(quadratic effect, P<0.02). 결론적으로, 자돈 사료내 게르마늄 용질액의 급여가 성장 및 혈액학적 수치에는 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary germanium colloid on the growth performance and hematological values in nursery pigs. Sixty pigs (11.22(0.10 ㎏ average initial body weight) were used in a 20 d growth assay. Dietary treatments included 1) CON (basal diet), 2) GC0.5 (basal diet+0.5 ppm germanium colloid) and 3) GC1.0 (basal diet+1.0 ppm germanium colloid). For d 0 to 10, pigs fed GC0.5 diet grew faster than pigs fed CON and GC1.0 diets (Quadratic effect, P<0.02). However, through the entire experimental period, no statistical differences were found for aver-age daily gain, average daily feed intake and gain/feed. Apparent digestibilities of crude ash (Linear effect, P<0.01; Quadratic effect, P<0.04), calcium (Linear effect, P<0.01; Quadratic effect, P<0.01) and phosphorus (Linear effect, P<0.02; Quadratic effect, P<0.04) in pigs fed GC0.5 diet were greater than for pigs fed CON and GC1.0. Neutrophil concentration in blood increased as the concentration of germanium colloid in the diets was increased with significant difference (Quadratic effect, P<0.02). In conclusion, growth performance and hematological values were not influenced by dietary germanium colloid.

급성 ST 분절 상승 심근경색증의 표준진료지침 설계

권선옥,김우식,오명기,나종천,이홍기,조욱현,최석구 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

The use of critical pathways for a variety of clinical conditions has grown rapidly in recent years, particularly pathways for patients with acute myocardial infarction. We intend to determine the impact of a clinical pathway on ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared with primary PCI. Low risk STEMI patients (ST elevation >0.1mV in more than 2 limb leads or ST elevation >0.2mV in contiguous precordial lead, chest pain lasting more than 30 min without response to nitroglycerin) will be included. All patients will be also treated medically according to critical pathway. STEMI is one of the common diseases in emergency medicine and so it is necessary to establish realistic treatment guidelines. The use of critical pathways will improve the quality of care.

育兒相談室에서 追跡觀察한 大邱地方 영유아들의 成長發育에 대해서

權五永,金洪培,李相範 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1981 慶北醫大誌 Vol.22 No.2

本 小兒科 育兒相談室에 登錄된 333名(男兒 185名, 女兒 148名)에 대한 身體發育狀態를 調査하여 다음과 같은 成績을 얻었다. 1. 性別로 본 對象 영아의 成績發育은 各 營養群 모두 男兒가 女兒보다 優位를 보였다. 2. 營養別로 보면 세가지 營養群의 成長發育에서 體重과 身長은 母乳, 混合, 人工營養兒群 사이에는 意味있는 差異를 볼 수 없었다. 3. 體重은 本 調査値가 韓國標準値에 비해 男女 모두 6個月까지는 약간 優位를 보였으나, 그 이후로는 점차 顯著한 優位를 보였다. 그리고 日本平均値에 비해서는 男兒는 첫 2個月을 제외하고는 日本平均値보다 優位를 보였고, 女兒는 生後 5個月까지는 약간 劣勢에 있었으나, 7個月 以後부터는 오히려 약간 優位를 보였다. 4. 身長은 本 調査値가 韓國標準値에 비해 男兒는 첫 2個月을 제외하고는 6個月까지 약간 優位를 나타내었으며, 7個月부터는 1㎝ 以上의 顯著한 優位를 보였고, 女兒는 6個月 以後부터는 약간 優位를 나타내었다. 그리고 日本平均値에 비해서는 男女兒 모두 7個月 以後부터 약간 優位를 보였다. 5. 頭圍는 本 調査群値가 韓國標準値에 비해 男女兒 모두 優位를 보였다. 그리고 日本平均値에 비해서도 男女兒 모두 약간 優位를 나타냈다. Author investigated the growth and developmental status of infants registered in Well Baby Clinic and compared this with the growth standards of Korean and Japanese children. This study group is consisted of 333 infants under 12 months of age with 185 males and 148 females. The following results were obtained: Comparing growth data by sex showed males being superior to females in all measurements and comparing growth data according to breast-fed, bottle-fed and mixed-fed infants showed no significant difference. Comparing body weight with the growth standard of Korean children showed their weights being slightly superior to those of Korean standrrd up to 6 months of age and after then far more superior. Comparing body weight with the growth standard of Japanese children showed that body weights of male infants were superior to those of Japanese standardexcept first 2 months and those of female infants inferior to those of Japanese standard up to 5 months of age and after then slightly superior. Comparing body length with the growth standard of korean children showed that body lengths of male infants were slightly superior to those of Korean standard up to 6 months of age except first 2 months and after 7 months of age far more superior and those of female infants were slightly superior to those of korean standard after 6 months of age. Comparing body length with the growth standard of japanese children showed their lengths being slightly inferior to those of japanese standard up to 7 months of age and after then slightly superior in both sexes. Comparing head circumference with the growth standard of Korean children and those of Japanese children showed their circumfesences being slightly superior to those of Korean and Japanese standard in both sexes.

설비예방보전을 위한 TBM의 최적보전주기 설정모델 연구

권오운,이홍철 한국경영과학회 2003 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1(1)

The purpose of this research aimed at performing the easy design, and also the easy on-the-job application of the maintenance interval determination methodology by presenting the determining model of the optimizing maintenance interval in TBM for the preventive maintenance of facilities TBM(time-base based maintenance) as the preventive maintenance requires the adequate determination of the maintenance interval. The maintenance interval of TBM shall be applied differently for the each interval such as the patrol inspection, maintenance, overhaul inspection, exchange. And it is based on the composition level of equipment. The already informed theories of interval determination methodology for the patrol inspection, repair, and overhaul inspection are difficult for adopting because of the several restriction problems in applying in the maintenance schemes as the theory. So, the model for determining the optimizing exchange interval of part, maintenance interval of auxiliary machine, unit equipment, etc. was presented to apply in the maintenance easily and appropriately.

전자공학교육과 실험교과내용에 관한 연구

홍봉식,김태균,오승엽,김환우,권오석 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1983 論文集 Vol.6 No.2(A)

The currenty offered experiment courses are completely reconsidered and reconfigured. The whole subjects are divided into 10 seperate courses, each of which should represent either basic or advanced stages of differing fields of the electronic engineering. It has been aimed that the courses form an elaborate hierachy so that they are minimally redundant but linked to one another in their fringes. Also, it has been pursued that the new courses should not fall obsolete in at last next five years exploring the maximum possibilities of the currently available equipments.

大學綜合試驗 出題에 關한 硏究

卞烘圭,吳鎭坤,申鎔鎭,金泳喆,鄭求福,柳哲鍾,洪允杓 全北大學校 1977 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

The Comprehensive Examination for the undergraduate students is planned to adopt the Jeonbug National University for the purpose of enhancing the quality of its educational outputs. In order to effectively measure and evaluate the level of student progress toward the minimun standard as the students who have finished their general education and basic education for their major field study, the university has decided to make an item pool related to the subjects for the examination. This study is an attempt to make good items of five required courses among general education subjects which are Korean Language, English, Korean History, National Ethics. and Natural Science and are expected to be the subjects of the examination. Instead of making those items separately from the regular examination during the academic semesters, the university plans to collect and use good items from the usual mid-term and final examinations of those subjects. A key concern, in this study, therefore, is to analyze all the items used for the mid-term and final examinations of those subjects during the regular academic semesters. From the data of an about 100 sample in each subject at each time of total three tests, the difficulty index, discrimination index, the response rate of students on each item, and other general descriptive statistics are calculated and then good items are pooled for the future use for the Comprehensive Examination. Anhother important concern in this study is this study is given to the collection and analysis of controversial issues and problems on the process of operating the examination at other universities where the Comprehensive Examination is already adopted. The data from four institutions and from opinions of six participants of this study are used. The following main findidings are summarized : 1. The items have generally shown to be easy while the degree of discrimination is low. 2. Among the five subjects, Korean Language shows the highest rate of right answer (difficulty index) while English the strongest one in the discrimination index. 3. When comparing two types of test between the multiple choice and the short-answer, the latter seems to be powerful in both difficulty and discriminative. 4. The only one question of essay type test reveals clear limitations in scoring and evaluating students progress. 5. All items are constructed under the consideration of content-referenced base, not of the basis on behavioral aspect. 6. The analysis of issues and problems related to the Comprehensive Examination suggests that it is acceptable to test in terms of required subjects of general education and a few most basic subjects of major areas of study. 7. The examination can be functionally operated when it is held at the end of the first year of and before the beginning of the second year of the college years. The length of the examination is usally held from three to five hours. 8. Since the examination should be existed on the idea of criterion-referenced base rather than of norm-referenced one because of its testing the qualification of the entering behavior of students for the further study in their major field, the standard of the pass-and-failure should be set on at least 60 percent of correct answers in each subject. But there must be provided at least two additional opportunities for the make-up examination for those who failed in the first one. 9. A special committee must be established in order to deal with all the details related to the Comprehensive Examination.

MPLS망에서 RSVP와 DiffServ연동모델의 성능분석

최승권,오구영,지홍일,신승수,조용환 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2002 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.16 No.1

The explosive growth of the internet traffic has imposed tremendous stress on routers, particularly, in the core network. Today's IP services reflect the unpredictable and undifferentiated packet loss and jitter characteristics of traditional best-effort routers. For above requirements, it is required not only the high-speed transmission of the packet, but the new routing function, the guarantees of QoS and bandwidth, the supports of user-requested services MPLS is proposed by the IETF and many other research institute as the solutions for this problem. In this paper, analyze performance of QoS Model applied RSVP over DiffServ to MPLS network. this model is each RSVP applied access network and DiffServ applied core network. In Result, It is amiss that basis MPLS net uses to core network because the average packet loss rate and average delay time are increased if traffic increases. Experiment result was seldom difference in case of network that apply each RSVP, DiffServ, RSVP over DiffServ. RSVP over DiffServs case packet loss rate and delay time were low than DiffServ and the packet loss rate is high because comparing than RSVP but delay time was very low.