흡연이 Gastric Emptying Time에 미치는 영향

조민구(Min Koo Cho),정순영(Sun Young chung),김소연(So Yon Kim),문희승(Mun Hee Seung),김진석(Jin Suk Kim),이석호(Suk Ho Lee),이권전(Gwon Jun Lee) 대한소화기학회 1990 대한소화기학회지 Vol.22 No.2

The effect of cigarette smoking on gastric emptying was examined in 25 healthy volunteers by means of Tc-sulfur colloid labeled-solid meal. The volunteers underwent GET measurement two times: before smoking and after smoking two cigarettes. Before smoking, the each average of GET T25% T50%, T75%, was 18 +- 5.2, 40 +- 6.7, 90 +- 18.4 min and after cigarette smoking the each average of GET T25%, T50%, 75% was 30 +- 8.3, 64 +- 12.6, 114 +- 7.0 min. We concluded that cigarette smoking significantly delayed gastric emptying of a solid meal (p< 0.05).

H9c2 심근 세포주에서 외인성 nitric oxide가 허혈에 의한 세포 독성에 미치는 영향

정성구,장현용,김명천,고영관,정주호,배영미,박원서,김대중,유영민,김성수,임성빈 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Background: Nitric oxide(NO) is known to have protective effects on an ischemic heart and to exert triggering effects on ischemic preconditioning. However, the effects of NO during the ischemic period have not been investigated. To investigate the role of exogenous nitric oxide in a model of ischemic heart cell death, we studied the effects of ischemic preconditioning and ischemia in a normal and an ischemic buffer. Methods: Rat cardiac myoblast cells(H9c2) were cultured in a normal and an ischemic buffered medium. For the ischemic culture of heart cells, the cells were cultured in a dessicator with GasPak for 5 hrs. In ischemic preconditioning, the cells were pretreated with ischemic buffer for 5 min and then perfused with normal medium for 30 min. For the measurement of the cytotoxicity, a MTT(3-4-Sdimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay was performed. A DAPI(4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride) staining procedure and a flow cytometry analysis were performed to confirm apoptotic cell death by ischemia. Results: Cell viability, as determined by using a MTT assay, showed that the preconditioned group treated with NO showed more cell death than with the not-preconditioned groups in both normal and ischemic buffers. But, In normal medium and not-preconditioned groups, NO showed protective effect according to the concentrations(100,1000μM) . No treatment with NO produced the different results. In normal medium, the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning was demonstrated, but no protective effect of ischemic preconditioning could be seen in the case of the ischemic buffer. The DAPI staining and flow cytometry analysis of heart cells showed characteristic apoptotic features. Conclusion: NO added in the ischemic phase had deterious effects on heart cells. Ischemic preconditioning was more harmful than ischemia alone. The toxicity of the cells was characteristic apoptosis.

Comparison of Dual Probe Bipolar Mode with Monopolar and Single Probe Bipolar Modes : Comparison of Dual Probe Bipolar Mode with Monopolar and Single Probe Bipolar Modes

Lee, Jeong Min,Han, Joon Koo,Kim,Se Hyung,Lee, Jae Young,Kim, Dae Jin,Lee, Min Woo,Cho, Gyung goo,Han, Chang Jin,Choi, Byung Ihn Korean Radiological Society 2004 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.5 No.2

Sodium Nitroprusside(SNP)를 사용한 유도 저혈압 마취시 Renin 활성치, Aldosterone, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine의 변동

강기택,구영권,우성,조강희,백세민 인제대학교 1991 仁濟醫學 Vol.12 No.3

악안면 성형재건술 환자 10명을 대상으로한 sodium nitroprusside(SNP) 유도 저혈압 마취에서 SNP를 주입한 후에 체내의 renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system과 sympathoadrenal system이 활성화되었음을 관찰할 수 있었다. Sodium Nitroprusside (SNP) is used during induced hypotension to decrease bleeding in operation site by direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. It is known that the infusion of SNP increases plasma renin activity and this activation of remain-angiotensin system is one physiologic mechanism opposing the hypotensive action of SNP. The purpose of this study was to determine plasma renin activity and activation of sympathoadrenal system following infusion of SNP for hypotensive anesthesia in 10 patients needed maxillofacial reconstructive surgery. Blood samples for analysis were drawn according the time sequence of SNP infusion ; Stage 1; After the induction and before SNP infusion, Stage 2 ; 30 min after when mean arterial pressure maintained 60-70 torr and within 30 min after SNP infusion, Stage 3;Before slopping of SNP, Stage4; 30 min after stopping of SNP. The results were as followings, 1) The duration of anesthesia and infusion of SNP were 197.7±131.3 Min and 100.2±40.3 min. 2) Total doses of 0.01% SNP solution were 115.2±36.4 ml through hypotensive anesthesia 3) PRA in stage 2,3 and 4 (25.3±7.6, 26.2±7.2 and 24.5±8.2 ng/dl/hr respectively) were significantly increased compared with the value of stage 1 (8.9±7.0ng/dl/hr) and the level of aldosterone in stage 2, 3, 4 (28.4±12.7, 33.6±20.0 and 32.9±18.0 mg/dl respectively) were significantly increased compared with the value of stage 1 (13.4±9.1 ng/dl). The increased values of PRA and aldosterone fowllowing infusion of SNP were continued eyen after the time of stopping SNP. 4) Norepinephrine in stage 2, 3(545±157.5, 347.7±115.0 pg/ml respectively) and epinephrine in stage 2,3 (178.4±58.7, 132±55.7 pg/ml respectively) were significantly increased compared with the values of stage 1(norepinephrine ; 236.2±107.3, epinephrine ; 111.8±73.9 pg/ml) and they were returned to the control value after slopping of SNP infusion 5) Sodium potassium and chloride were not changed significantly during SNP induced hypotensive anesthesia. In summary, the activity of renin-angiotesin-aldostprone system and sympathoadrenal system were increased following infusion of SNP during SNP induced hypotensive anesthesia.

젊은 성인에서 흡연에 의한 상완동맥 내피기능의 부전에 관한 연구

이상철,권영주,방덕원,이선해,이보영,김지욱,김영훈,온영근,현민수,김성구 순천향의학연구소 2002 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.8 No.1

Background and Objectives : Cigarette smoking is a major factor and the most modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherosclerosis, before the structural change of the systemic arteries. We hypothesized that endothelial dysfunction might be present in the systemic arteries of young adult smokers and that this might be dose-dependent phenomenon. Therefore, we try to certify that smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults without other risk factor of atherosclerosis. Subjects and Methods : we studied noninvasively 29 subjects aged 3 to 4 decades without other risk factor of atherosclerosis, they were composed of the two groups, current smokers(n=15) and nonsmokers(n=14). Smoking history varied from 3 to 20 pack years. Using high-resolution ultrasound, vessel diameter and mean flow rate were measured at rest, during reactive hyperemia(with flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation), and after sublingual nitroglycerin(NG-induced endothelium-independent vasodilation). Result : Flow mediated endothelium dependent dilation was observed in the control subjects (9.4±3.44%) but was impaired in the smokers(5.8±2.51%)(p=0.004). NG-induced endothelium independent dilation is no difference in all subjects. Conclusion : Cigarette smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults.

산업현장 추락에 대한 기계학습 알고리즘 기반의 다집단 분류

구범모(Bum Mo Koo),김종만(Jong Man Kim),남예진(Ye Jin Nam),성동진(Dong Jin Sung),심재우(Jae Woo Shim),양수민(Su Min Yang),김영호(Young Ho Kim) 대한기계학회 2022 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.46 No.3

본 연구에서는 웨어러블 관성센서를 사용하여 산업현장 추락에 대한 기계학습 기반의 다집단 분류를 시도하였다. 20명의 건강한 성인 남성을 모집하였으며, 15가지 non-FFH 동작과 5가지 low-hazard-FFH 동작 그리고 한 가지 high-hazard-FFH 동작을 3회씩 반복 측정하였다. 5개의 기계학습 기법(SVM, k-NN, LDA, QDA, MLP)에 대하여 two-class 분류성능과 three-class 분류성능을 비교하였다. 분석 결과 SVM이 two-class 분류와 three-class 분류에서 각각 99.5%와 98.2%의 가장 높은 정확도를 보였다. 또한, 세 가지 전처리 기법들(SMOTE, min-max 정규화, univariant feature selection) 역시 알고리즘 성능 향상에 기여함을 볼 수 있었다. In this study, a multi-class classification of industrial fall from height (FFH) based on machine learning was tried using a wearable inertial sensor. Twenty healthy adult males were recruited for the experiment. The experiment protocol consisted of 15 non-FFH, five low-hazard-FFH, and one high-hazard-FFH. Each motion was conducted three times repeatedly. Two-class classification performance and three-class classification performance were compared for five different machine learning techniques (SVM, k-NN, LDA, QDA, and MLP). As a result, SVM showed the highest accuracy of 99.52% and 98.25% in two-class classification and three-class classification, respectively. In addition, the three preprocessing techniques (SMOTE, min-max regularization, and univariant feature selection) contributed to the improvement of algorithm performance.

서울의 PPNG 발생 빈도(1991-1992)

김재홍,윤기범,박평원,김영진,전경민,김영태,김중환,곽호,구상완,송민석,유옥,지혜구,김동원,문상은,박영립,정승호,성범진,성순제,엄주용,황정열,이기홍,이주협,전태진 대한화학요법학회 1994 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The prevalence of PPNG among pretreated gonorrhea cases isolated at the STD clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul has been studied and reported annually since 1981. In 1991, 123 strains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 58(47.1%) were PPNG. In 1992, 98 starains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 51(52.0%) were PPNG. In all, 109(49.3%) strains were found to be PPNG among 221 strains isolated between 1991-1992. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul showed increased tendency till 1989, thereafter, it has been stationary or slightly decreasing.

Differential Effects of Pioglitazone in the Hippocampal CA1 Region Following Transient Forebrain Ischemia in Low- and High-Fat Diet-Fed Gerbils.

Moon, Seung Myung,Choi, Goang-Min,Yoo, Dae Young,Jung, Hyo Young,Yim, Hee Sun,Kim, Dae Won,Hwang, In Koo,Cho, Byung Moon,Chang, In Bok,Cho, Sung-Min,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2015 Neurochem Res Vol.40 No.5

<P>In the present study, we investigated the effects of pioglitazone (PGZ) in the hippocampal CA1 region of low- or high-fat diet (LFD or HFD) fed gerbils after transient forebrain ischemia. After 8 weeks of LFD or HFD feeding, PGZ (30 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered to the gerbils, following which ischemia was induced by occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries for 5 min. Administration of PGZ significantly reduced the ischemia-induced hyperactivity 1 day after ischemia/reperfusion in both LFD- and HFD-fed gerbils. At 4 days after ischemia/reperfusion, the neurons were significantly reduced and microglial activation was observed in the hippocampal CA1 region in LFD- and HFD-fed gerbils. The microglial activation was more prominent in the HFD-fed gerbils compared to the LFD-fed gerbils. Administration of PGZ ameliorated ischemia-induced neuronal death and microglial activation in the hippocampal CA1 region 4 days after ischemia/reperfusion in the LFD-fed gerbils, but not in the HFD-gerbils. At 6 h after ischemia/reperfusion, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interlukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were significantly increased in the hippocampal homogenates of LFD-fed group compared to control group, and HFD feeding further increased TNF-α and IL-1β levels. PGZ treatment significantly ameliorated the increase of TNF-α and IL-1β levels in LFD-fed gerbils, not in the HFD-fed gerbils. At 12 h after ischemia/reperfusion, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in hippocampal homogenates were significantly increased in the LFD-fed group compared to the control group, and HFD feeding significantly showed relatively reduction in SOD activity and increase in MDA level. PGZ administration significantly reduced the increase in MDA levels 12 h after ischemia/reperfusion in the LFD-fed gerbils, but not in the HFD-fed gerbils. These results suggest that PGZ ameliorates the neuronal damage induced by ischemia by maintaining the TNF-α, IL-1β, SOD and MDA levels in LFD-fed gerbils. In addition, HFD feeding affects the modulation of these parameters in the hippocampus after transient forebrain ischemia.</P>

The role of FGF-2 in smoke-induced emphysema and the therapeutic potential of recombinant FGF-2 in patients with COPD

Kim, You-Sun,Hong, Goohyeon,Kim, Doh Hyung,Kim, Young Min,Kim, Yoon-Keun,Oh, Yeon-Mok,Jee, Young-Koo Nature Publishing Group UK 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.11

<▼1><P>Although the positive effects of recombinant fibroblast growth factor-2 (rFGF-2) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been implicated in previous studies, knowledge of its role in COPD remains limited. The mechanism of FGF2 in a COPD mouse model and the therapeutic potential of rFGF-2 were investigated in COPD. The mechanism and protective effects of rFGF-2 were evaluated in cigarette smoke-exposed or elastase-induced COPD animal models. Inflammation was assessed in alveolar cells and lung tissues from mice. FGF-2 was decreased in the lungs of cigarette smoke-exposed mice. Intranasal use of rFGF-2 significantly reduced macrophage-dominant inflammation and alveolar destruction in the lungs. In the elastase-induced emphysema model, rFGF-2 improved regeneration of the lungs. In humans, plasma FGF-2 was decreased significantly in COPD compared with normal subjects (10 subjects, <I>P</I> <I>=</I> 0.037). The safety and efficacy of inhaled rFGF-2 use was examined in COPD patients, along with changes in respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function. A 2-week treatment with inhaled rFGF-2 in COPD (<I>n</I> = 6) resulted in significantly improved respiratory symptoms compared with baseline levels (<I>P</I> <I><</I> 0.05); however, the results were not significant compared with the placebo. The pulmonary function test results of COPD improved numerically compared with those in the placebo, but the difference was not statistically significant. No serious adverse events occurred during treatment with inhaled rFGF-2. The loss of FGF-2 production is an important mechanism in the development of COPD. Inhaling rFGF-2 may be a new therapeutic option for patients with COPD because rFGF-2 decreases inflammation in lungs exposed to cigarette smoke.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Lung disease: Inhaling a protein might help</B></P><P>Studies on the role of the protein ‘fibroblast growth factor-2’ (FGF-2) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suggest that inhaled FGF-2 could help treat the emphysema linked to smoking. Researchers in South Korea led by Young-Koo Jee at Dankook University, Cheonan, and Yeon-Mok Oh at the University of Ulsan, Seoul, studied the role of the reduced FGF-2 levels found in mice with lung inflammation caused by exposure to cigarette smoke. They also uncovered details of a protective effect of inhaled FGF-2, identifying specific cellular and lung structure changes attributed to the administered FGF-2. Reduced FGF-2 levels were also found in patients with COPD. Initial trials revealed some improvement in patients treated with FGF-2, but not at a statistically significant level. Nevertheless, the authors suggest their results justify further investigation of the protein’s therapeutic potential.</P></▼2>

허혈성 심질환에 있어서 아데노신 급속 정맥투여후 관동맥압의 변화에 관한 연구

봉종대,오종용,배성한,신원용,김철현,이광희,최태명,현민수,김성구,권영주 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.2

Background: Adenosine interacts with A1 receptors present on the extracellular surface of cardiac cells, activating K+channels in a fashion. It produces coronary vasodilatation and AV nodal block. The half-time is one to six second and has ultra-short action. In ischemic heart disease, fractional flow reserve(FFR) can be achieved safely with intravenous adenosine infusions at a rate of 150㎍/kg/min which cause maximal coronary hyperemia. Purpose: We investigated the patients who have had ischemic heart disease(n=8). After adenosine intravenous administration(150㎍/kg/min), the effect cause maximal hyperemia of coronary artery. During peak maximal hyperemia, we reported clinical findings, coronary hemodynamics and electrocardiogram findings. Methods: After diagnostic coronary angiography and left ventriculography, catheter was advanced into the ostium of coronary artery. We investigated coronary hemodynamics such as systolic coronary artery pressure, diastolic coronary artery pressure, mean coronary artery pressure and heart rate. To assess the use of adenosine for determination of fractional flow reserve, hemodynamics and electrocardiogram were measured at basal state and during peak maximal hyperemia. Results: Symptoms developed 1.5-2 minute after adenosine intravenous administration and each symptom disappeared 2-2.5 minute after adenosine administration. Two patients represented asymptomatic appearance and six patients complained of flushing, chest pain, palpitation and headache. In eight patients with ischemic heart disease, 1.5 minute after venous administration of 150㎍/kg/min of adenosine, coronary artery pressure decreased and heart rate increased significantly. Conduction abnormalities after administration of 150㎍/kg/min of adenosine were transient 2nd degree AV block 2 cases(25%). Conclusions: Adenosine is a potent ultra short-acting vasodilator. Although coronary artery pressure decreased and heart rate increased and mild cardiovascular symptoms occurred after continuous infusion of 150㎍/kg/min of adenosine, it is useful as an agent for determination of fractional flow reserve.