http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
( Young Chang ),( Hyoyoung Lee ),( Junsik Yoon ),( Sunwoong Lee ),( Sung-won Chung ),( Minsuk Lee ),( Yunbin Lee ),( Eun Ju Cho ),( Jeong-hoon Lee ),( Su Jong Yu ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Jung-hwan Yoon ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Sorafenib treatment is regarded as a first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), although most patients are refractory to this drug. In this study, we aimed to establish Sorafenib-resistant HCC cell line and explore various signals involved in cell survival in order to investigate the mechanism of Sorafenib resistance in HCC. Methods: Huh7-Sorafenib resistant (SR) HCC cell line was established by culturing Huh7 HCC cells in increasing doses of Sorafenib. Gene expression, cell proliferation, and protein expression were determined by RT-PCR, MTS assay and Western blot. To identify the role of each signaling involved in Sorafenib resistance, cells were treated with LCL161 (a second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac) mimetic) and/or lysine demethylase 3A (KDM3A)-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA), or p21-specific siRNA. Results: Huh7-SR cells exhibited lower gene and protein expression of Smac than Huh7 cells. Sorafenib sensitivity of Huh7- SR cells as well as Huh7 cells was increased with LCL161, and the Sorafenib sensitizing effect of LCL161 was more potent in Huh7-SR cells than in Huh7 cells. KDM3A gene expression was higher in Huh7-SR cells than in Huh7 cells. Huh7-SR cells demonstrated improved sensitivity to Sorafenib following siRNA-mediated KDM3A knockdown. Moreover, Sorafenib sensitivity was further increased after KDM3A knockdown in combination with LCL161 treatment. Huh7-SR cells showed increased expression of p21 compared to Huh7 cells. Proliferation of Huh7-SR cells was markedly decreased with Sorafenib treatment after p21 knockdown, although there was no change in the antitumor effect of Sorafenib before and after p21 knockdown in Huh7 cells. Conclusions: Smac, KDM3A and p21 are involved in Sorafenib resistance mechanism in HCCs, which might be new therapeutic targets to overcome Sorafenib resistance.
Yoo Seung Soo,Lee Sunwoong,Choi Jin Eun,Hong Mi Jeong,Do Sook Kyung,Lee Jang Hyuck,Lee Won Kee,Park Ji Eun,Lee Yong Hoon,Choi Sun Ha,Seo Hyewon,Lee Jaehee,Lee Shin Yup,Cha Seung Ick,Kim Chang Ho,Kang 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.45
Background: Neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1) is a representative small cell lung cancer (SCLC) transcription regulator involved in the carcinogenesis and behavior of SCLC. Histone modifications play an important role in transcription, and H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) is primarily associated with promoter regions. Methods: We investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NeuroD1 and H3K4me3 coincident regions, selected using ChIP sequencing (ChIP-seq), and the clinical outcomes of 261 patients with SCLC. Results: Among 230 SNPs, two were significantly associated with both the chemotherapy response and overall survival (OS) of patients with SCLC. RNF145 rs2043268A>G was associated with worse chemotherapy response and OS (under a recessive model, adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26–0.94, P = 0.031, and adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.88, 95% CI, 1.38–2.57, P < 0.001). CINP rs762105A>G was also associated with worse chemotherapy response and OS (under a dominant model, aOR, 0.47, 95% CI, 0.23–0.99, P = 0.046, and aHR, 2.03, 95% CI, 1.47–2.82, P < 0.001). ChIP–quantitative polymerase chain reaction and luciferase assay confirmed that the two SNPs were located in the active promoter regions and influenced the promoter activity of each gene. Conclusion: To summarize, among SNPs selected using ChIP-seq in promoter regions with high peaks in both NeuroD1 and H3K4me3, RNF145 rs2043268A>G and CINP rs762105A>G were associated with clinical outcomes in patients with SCLC and also affected the promoter activity of each gene.
A High-Throughput Hardware Design of a One-Dimensional SPIHT Algorithm
Sunwoong Kim,Donghyeon Lee,Jin-Sung Kim,Hyuk-Jae Lee IEEE 2016 IEEE transactions on multimedia Vol.18 No.3
<P>Video display systems include frame memory, which stores video data for display. To reduce system cost, video data are often compressed for storage in frame memory. A desirable characteristic for display memory compression is support for the raster-scan processing order and the fixed target compression ratio. Set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) is an efficient two-dimensional compression algorithm that guarantees a fixed target compression ratio, but its one-dimensional (1D) variation has received little attention, even though its 1D nature supports the raster-scan processing order. This paper proposes a novel hardware design for 1D SPIHT. The algorithm is modified to exploit parallelism for effective hardware implementation. For the encoder, dependences that prohibit parallel execution are resolved and a pipelined schedule is proposed. For the parallel execution of the decoder, the algorithm is modified to enable estimation of the bitstream length of each pass prior to decoding. This modification allows parallel and pipelined decoding operations, leading to a high-throughput design for both encoder and decoder. Although the modifications slightly decrease compression efficiency, additional optimizations are proposed to improve such efficiency. As a result, the peak signal-to-noise ratio drop is reduced from 1.40 dB to 0.44 dB. The throughputs of the proposed encoder and decoder are 7.04 Gbps and 7.63 Gbps, respectively, and their respective gate counts are 37.2 K and 54.1 K.</P>
Sunwoong Kim,Donghyeon Lee,Jin-Sung Kim,Hyuk-Jae Lee IEEE 2016 Journal of display technology Vol.12 No.4
<P>Block truncation coding (BTC) is commonly used to compress a video to be stored in frame memory for display devices such as LCDs. The original BTC algorithm partitions an input image into 4 4 blocks and compresses each block to reduce the data size down to 1/4 of the original size of the data. As the size of a video displayed on an LCD increases, the frame memory size also increases. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the frame memory size further. The previous BTC suffers from a severe quality degradation when its compression ratio exceeds 6 to the original data. This paper proposes a novel BTC-based compression algorithm of which the target compression ratio is 12. To improve the compression efficiency, the proposed algorithm adopts a bit-saving scheme that utilizes the spatial correlation between vertically adjacent blocks. Furthermore, the blocks with low image complexity are coded using one 2 16 coding block while those with high image complexity are coded using two 2 8 coding blocks. With the hardware implementation for a high throughput constraint, the memory sizes of the encoder and decoder are 21,312 bits and 5952 bits, respectively, whereas the gate counts of the encoder and decoder are 68.7 K and 13.6 K, respectively. Experimental results show that the average PSNR of the proposed algorithm is 30.03 dB and that the throughputs of the encoder and decoder are 27.5 Gbps and 63.9 Gbps at operating frequencies of 143 and 333 MHz, respectively.</P>
이선웅 ( Lee Sunwoong ),한천영 ( Han Chun-young ) 한국현대언어학회 2016 언어연구 Vol.32 No.3
The Journal of Studies in Language 32.3, 501-521. This paper focuses on how English commercial conversations work and how they differ from ordinary conversations. Unlike ordinary conversations, dialogs in English commercials are more complicated. We analyze English commercials by the Maxims of Grice (1975) focusing on how a speaker(an advertiser) sends a message to a hearer(an audience) and how the hearer(the audience) takes the speaker`s (the advertiser`s) intended message. And this paper also analyzes English TV commercials based on the Relevance Theory of Sperber & Wilson (1986) to describe how an advertiser`s intended massage is taken by a hearer (a TV audience). In ordinary conversations, if a hearer does not have the same background information or experience, he/she will not understand the speaker`s intention. Similarly, if a hearer (an audience) does not have appropriate background information in English TV commercial conversations, he/she will interpret the speaker`s intention differently. (Chungnam National University · Chungwoon University)