생체시료 중 스타틴계 약물 정량법의 최근 개발 동향

우경식,박정숙 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2009 藥學論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Statins are reversible inhibitors of S-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, widely used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia as well as atherosclerosis. Recently, various brands of cholesterol lowering statin drugs have been frequently prescribed and dispensed to the patients for reducing morbidity and mortality related to coronary heart disease. Therefore, demands for development of reliable and sensitive analytical methods for statins in biological fluid have been increased to monitor the plasma concentrations of drugs. A lot of chromatographic-mass spectrometric methods for the quantification of presently available seven statins such as atorvastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, rosuvastatin, and pitavastatin have already been published. Of analytical methods, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is the analytical technique of choice for the quantification of statins in biological samples. This review covers most of the analytical method used for quantification of statins, which are applied for plasma sample and suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring.

지문과 정신분열증

우숙희,정국동,최송표,조근자,양은진,김수일,박경란,이영호,김원식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Fingerprint patterns of 333 schizophreniacs who met with the diagnostic criterias of International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia except items associated with chronicity in exclusion criteria were studied, and the following results were obtained. 1. The frequency distribution of the fingerprint patterns in the 333 schizophreniacs was ulnar loop, whorl, twinned loop, arch, radial loop in order in both control and schizophrenia groups. 2. Finger ridge counts of both sexes were decreased significantly in schizophrenia group. 3. Dissociation of fingerprint pattern in the schizophrenia group was 51.1%, which was far greater than 6.25% of control group. Number of dissociation was greatest in the thumb, followed by index, middle, ring, and little finger in order. According to the above results, it is considered that both the number of finger ridges and degree of dissociation of fingerprint patterns were closely related with schizophrenia. Analysis of fingerprints and palmprints with the aid of chromosomal analysis would contribute the early diagnosis and prevention of schizophrenia.

BCG를 대량 투여 받은 생쥐 가슴샘 겉질의 미세구조

고정식,안의태,박경호,우성임,한영복,경홍기 대한해부학회 1997 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.30 No.3

mecA 양성 메티실린 내성 포도구균의 mec 조절유전자에 대한 분자역학적 연구 및 다양성 분석

우희연,이남용,맹성호,한승훈,인경수,김상욱,성승용,김익상,최명식 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.3

목적 : 병원 감염과 지역 감염의 원인균으로서의 중요성이 증가되고 있는 MRSA와 MRCNS의 메티실린 내성 관련 유전자에 대해 분자역학적인 조사를 시행하고 mec 조절유전자의 다양성을 분석하여 분자유전학적 연구와 감염 관리에 기본적 자료를 제공하고자 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 본 연구에서는 국내 동일 대학병원에서 분리된 mecA 양성 MRSA 78균주와 MRCNS 36균주를 대상으로 항균제 감수성 검사와 중합효소연쇄반응을 시행하여 표현형과 유전형의 분포를 알아보고 내성 정도와 유전형의 상관성을 분석하였다. 결론 : 최소억제농도를 측정하여 oxacillin 감수성 양상을 알아본 결과 총 90개의 MRSA 임상검체 중 3균주에서 감수성을 보였고, MRCNS 36균주는 모두 내성을 보였으며, 고도 내성을 보이는 균주일수록 다제내성을 보이고 있었다. 중합효소연쇄반응으로 mecA 유전자 유무를 분석하여 mecA 양성을 보인 MRSA 78균주와 MSCNS 36균주 만을 대상으로 mec 조절유전자에 대한 중합효소연쇄반응을 시행하여 유전형의 분포를 조사하였다. 그 결과 MRSA와 MRCNS 모두에서 mecA-Pr-mecA-mecR1-mecI형, mecA-Pr-mecA-mecR1형과 mecA-Pr-mecA-mecR-1의 5′말단형의 3가지 유전형이 공통적으로 관찰되었는데, 이외에 MRSA에서는 mecA-mecR1형, mecA-mecR1의 5′말단형이, MRCNS에서는 mecA-Pr-mecA형과 mecA형이 추가로 분리되었다. 유전형의 분포를 연도별로 분석한 결과 연도별로 우세한 유전형이 서로 다른 것을 알 수 있었다. 유전형과 내성 정도의 상관성을 분석한 결과, mecA-Pr-mecA-mecR1을 보유한 MRSA의 경우 mecA 억제유전자로 생각되는 mecI 유전자 유무에 관계없이 모두 고도 내성을 나타내어 mecI의 유무는 내성 정도와는 일정한 관련이 없었으나, MRSA와 MRCNS 모두에서 mecI와 동시에 mecR1의 3′말단이 결혼된 유전형이 저도 및 중등도 내성을 보이는 균주에서 유의하게 많이 관찰되어 mecI가 결손된 균주에서는 mecR1의 3′말단부위의 유무가 내성 정도의 결정에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각하였다. 결론 : 국내에서 분리되는 메티실린 내성 포도구균의 유전형의 분포가 국외 분리주와 차이를 보이는 것으로 관찰되었다. 또한 기존의 보고와는 달리 메티실린 내성 정도와 유전형 사이에 유의한 연관성이 있는 것으로 관찰되어 mec조절유전자가 내성 발현 뿐만 아니라 내성 정도의 결정에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 관찰되었다. MRSA가 중요한 감염균임에도 불구하고 아직까지 MRSA의 내성기전에 대해 확실하게 규명되지 않아 치료가 더욱 어려워지고 있는 실정이므로 이에 대한 더욱 종합적인 연구와 동시에 발생과 확산을 막기 위한 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Background : High prevalence of methicillin resistance has been noticed in staphylococci which also have been recognized as important nosocomial and multi-drug resistant pathogens. In this study, we investigated the distribution of mec regulator genes and the presence of the mutation in mecIgene to reveal the resistance mechanism at molecular level. Methods : The isolates included 90 clinical isolates of MRSA, 36 MRCNS of which methicillin resistance were determined by disk diffusion test and isolated in a single hospital during 1996-1999. We performed microdilution MIC test for oxacillin resistance and Kirby-Bauer test for other antibiotics. Genotypes of mecA positive (determined by PCR) isolates (78 MRSA, 36 MRCNS) were investigated by PCR amplification of mec regulator genes such as 3' end and 5' end of mecR1. mecI, and Pr-mecA. Results : In MIC assay, all MRSA strains except 3 strains and all MRCNS strains showed oxacillin resistance. The level of resistance correlated to the multi-drug resistance. Seven genotypes were observed in mecA positive MRSA and MRCNS. Differences of predominant genotypes among years isolated and among species were observed. Deletions of the 3' end of mecR1 and the mecI were more frequently observed in the low- and borderline-level resistant MRSA and MRCNS (P(0.05). So the important role of 3' end of mecRI in determining resistance level was suggested. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that genomic distribution of methicillin-resistant staphylococci isolated in Korea was different from that of strains isolated in other countries. And important role of mec regulator genes for expression of methicillin resistance was suggested.

플라이애시를 다량 치환한 콘크리트의 탄산화 특성에 관한 실험적 연구

김우상,강태경,백민수,김성식,정상진 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(구조계)

This study evaluated durability through measurement of substituted test piece's pH degree and experiments of carbonation. Comparing and evaluating cared test piece's pH degrees which we got before the carbonation and after the carbonation. After evaluating carbonation depth through carbonation, evaluating carbonation properties by fly-ash replacement ratio pH degree was decreased by cement replacement ratio of fly-ash. And in the case of substitution of the same amount of fly-ash. Fine aggregate replacement ratio was increased. When the test piece. Which had been cared in high temperature, was promoted to carbonation. Among the test piece which was replaced with fly-ash 40%, the test piece which has high rate of fine aggregate proved opposition of carbonation. Through the test, I summarized that the test piece cared in high temperature was mostly effected by compress strength the test piece cared in low temperature was mostly effected by pH degree.

DEHPA 담체함유 액체막에 의한 우라늄(Ⅵ) 추출

김우식,현영진,염경호,탁희경 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1985 논문집 Vol.17 No.1

The extraction of uranium(VI) through a W/O/W liquid membrane containing DEHPA was studied in the counter transport system. The optimum stable conditions of W/O emulsion were determined; the optimum concentrations of surfactant span 80 and paraffine oil were 2 Vol.% and 50 Vol.%, respectively. The extraction results showed that more than 95% of uranium(VI) was extracted during 10 minutes when the carrier concentration was 4 Vol.%, internal aqueous phase; 1N-H₂SO₄solution, external aqueous phase; pH 2 and mixing speed; 350 rpm.

종이상자포장기의 개발에 관한 연구

권경우,권병철,류봉조,명태식,박찬호,이광원 한밭대학교 산업과학기술연구소 1994 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

The paper describes the development of a new automatic wrapping machine using paper films as it has not been used so far. The most of the automatic wrapping machine have used the vinyl film causing environmental pollution, the paper films, however, have a weak point in the aspect of high temperature adhesion. Therefore, the mechanism of the existing wrapping machine should be altered to prevent it from curling effect through the technical know-how. A new method and technology reducing the curling effect in the automnatic wrapping machine are demonstrated by using developed blower. Thus it is exqection and will decrease environmental pollution.

Pb(SCN)₂-KClO₃-Sb₂S₃-TNT 혼합물의 연소에 관한 연구

김우식,구자현,염경호 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1985 논문집 Vol.17 No.2

The study on the combustion of the Pb(SCN)₂-KCIO₃-Sb₂S₃TNT mixtures are performed with the changes of several operational factors, and its results are as follows; In the drying method, as the increase of the inserting of binders, the impact sensitivity is decreased when the weight of the drop ball is higher, and F, S and ?? of the non-binding mixtures are satisfactory. In the wet method, the squib of mixtures are founded and F, S and ?? are less satisfactory than drying methods, but the impact sensitivity are more satisfactory than drying method. In the measurement of the explosion-delay time of mixtures, the mixtures in drying method are more uniform composition than that in wet method.

Para형 다단맥동 추출탑에서의 액-액 물질전달 효과

김우식,이호원,이성,염경호 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1988 논문집 Vol.20 No.1

The mass transfer characteristics of para-type plate pulse column were studied in Toluene-Acetone-Water system. The mass transfer effects in this column were investigated by the changes of the amplitude, frequency and each phase velocity, and the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient was correlated as follow: Koc·a = 0.02595 A¹????f¹??³????³U??????⁴?????? This result coincided with the Higbie's penetration theory. The efficiency of this column was decreased with the increase of pulse velocity, and was 70-95% in the range of 30-90 cm/min of the pulse velocity. The acetone concentration profile at the steady state was coincident with the diffusion model and the back flow model within the relative error range of 0.15.

졸-겔 공정에서 TEOS의 가수분해 및 실리카 입자생성 연구

김경수,김우식 慶熙大學校 材料科學技術硏究所 1997 材料科學技術硏究論集 Vol.10 No.-

In this study, the effects of reaction conditions such as feed rate, reactant concentration, agitation speed, catalyst concentration on induction time and size of silica particles in sol-gel process were investigated. In our experimental conditions, increament of feed rate and TEOS concentration decreased induction time. Increament of NH_(3) concentration and agitation speed accelerated the hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS, thus induction time was decreased. Mimimum reactant concentration was 2.029×10^(-3)mol/L. As TEOS concentration increased, silica particle size increased. Finally as feed rate increased, silica particle size decreased at end point of feeding.