서울숲 공원관리조직의 사회 연결망 분석

최선주,황원실,김선희,박창석,Choi, Sun-Ju,Hwang, Won-Sil,Kim, Sun-Hee,Park, Chang-Sug 한국조경학회 2011 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.39 No.3

본 연구는 공원관리 참여조직간의 사회적 연결망을 분석하고, 참여조직의 활동을 활성화하는 방향을 모색하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해서 공원관리 참여조직 간의 신뢰, 참여, 정보교류의 실태를 사회 연결망 분석을 통해 살펴보았다. 구체적으로 서울숲을 대상으로 하였으며, 행정기관, 시민단체, 주민단체, 기업으로 구성된 15개 참여조직과 핵심인물 30명을 조사대상으로 선정하였다. 설문조사는 조직간 신뢰, 참여, 정보교류 및 연구 통계적 속성에 관한 내용으로 구성되었으며, 분석은 사회 연결망 분석 프로그램인 UCINET을 활용하였다. 분석결과, 1) 신뢰, 참여, 정보교류의 연결구조에서 다른 조직에 비해 많은 관계를 유지하고 있는 중추조직(HUB)는 서울숲 사랑모임과 서울숲 관리사무소로 나타났다. 2) 함께 일하고 싶은 조직과 향후 활발한 참여를 바라는 조직에 대한 연결망 분석에서는 환경 예술분야의 시민단체에 대한 요구가 높게 나타났다. 3) 부녀회, 통장단 등 지역 주민단체 연결망을 살펴보면 중심성이 매우 낮으며 서로간의 연결관계도 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과와 함께 다양한 도시공원과 지역을 대상으로 공원관리 참여조직간의 사회 연결망 실태를 파악함으로써 주민참여와 협력 이 활발한 공원관리 방안을 마련하는데 활용할 수 있다. This study was intended to devise means to encourage participation for organizations taking part in "resident participation parks.", "Resident participation" has become increasingly recognized as an effective means of park management in Korea. To this end, this study analyzed the current status of social networks for civic organizations participating in park management with respect to their degree of participation, credibility and trust, and exchange of information. Among resident participation parks, "Seoul Forest Park" has been widely recognized as a model example; accordingly this study designated Seoul Forest Park as its primary research focus. Thirty core members of resident participation organizations were selected as test subjects. Members of the resident participation organizations under review came from various backgrounds, including government administrative organizations, citizens' groups, residents' groups, and private businesses. Surveys were used to provide data on credibility and trust between organizations, levels of participation, and exchange of information, as well as statistics on demographic affiliation. Results were examined through UCINET, a program designed to analyze social networks. Survey results indicated that 1) The "Seoul Forest Park Conservancy" and the "Seoul Forest Park Management Office" constituted a hub within their social networks that maintained significantly more relationships than other organizations with regard to levels of credibility and trust, participation, and exchange of information; 2) Social networks for organizations wishing to work together, or desiring active participation in the future tended to center on citizens' organizations in the environmental and arts fields; and 3) Women's associations and meetings of neighborhood("tong") leaders had very little significance as a center in the social networks of local residents groups, and indeed very few connections amongst themselves. The results of this research can be applied in the devising of proposals for encouraging participation in resident participation parks in consideration of the social networks between organizations engaging in park management activities for a diverse array of urban parks and other areas.

푸른길 공원의 대기 환경 특성에 관한 연구

민경우,이경석,박옥현,윤관주,김도술,박세일,정원삼,이대행,조영관,Min, Kyoung-Woo,Lee, Kyoung-Soek,Park, Ok-Hyun,Yoon, Kwan-Ju,Kim, Do-Sool,Park, Se-Il,Jeung, Won-Sam,Lee, Dae-Hang,Cho, Young-Gwan 한국환경보건학회 2015 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.41 No.3

Objectives: This study aimed to survey the characteristics of air quality and meteorological conditions in a greenway park. Methods: We measured meteorological and health related factors, including noise, particulate matter ($PM_{10}$) and selected gaseous air pollutants at three locations in a greenway park and on a general roadside as comparison. The measurements were repeated four times from April to October 2014. Results: The average air temperature in the greenway park was $20.7^{\circ}C$ which was $1-2^{\circ}C$ lower than on the general roadside. The average $PM_{10}$ concentration in the greenway park was $85.0{\mu}g/m^3$, a level 2-3 times lower than that at the roadside. The noise level at the greenway site was 4.4 dB(A)- 23.0 dB(A) lower than at the roadside. The average CO, $CO_2$, $SO_2$ and NOx concentrations in the greenway park were lower than at the roadside. The average phytoncide and anions concentrations in the greenway park were higher than at the roadside. Conclusions: The urban forest of the greenway park may have some impact on air quality and meteorological conditions.

Electropulsing Treatment on Enhancement of Electrical Conductivity of Screen-Printed Ag Wire

Ju‑Won Park,Howook Choi,Hwangsun Kim,Simoon Sung,Hye‑Jin Jeong,Il Kim,Jaeseok Gong,Sung‑Tae Hong,Heung Nam Han 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.5

The effect of high electric current density on the sintering of Ag wires manufactured by screen printing is evaluated throughelectrical resistivity analysis and microstructure observation. Different forms (continuous and pulsed) of electric currentwith different current densities are applied to the specimens. Conventional heat treatment is also performed as a controlgroup to examine the athermal effect of electropulsing treatment. Compared to the conventional heat treatment, the resistivityis reduced more under the electropulsing treatment with continuous current for the same temperature and treatment time.Also, the process time of electropulsing treatment can be reduced by applying a pulse form of high density current insteadof continuous current without losing the benefit of enhanced reduction of resistivity. The microstructural observationsobtained from high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope and a digital precession instrumentclearly show that necking connecting the crystals is formed more firmly under electric current. In addition, the temperaturechange of Ag wire and substrate is calculated according to the change of the resistivity when the electric current is appliedto confirm the reliability.

바이모달 트램의 위치 인식 방법 및 정밀 정차 구현

서기원(Seo Ki-Won),박주연(Park Ju-Yeon),이상남(Lee Sang-Nam),류희문(Ryu Hee-Moon),변윤섭(Byun Yeun-Sub) 한국철도학회 2009 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.5월

This paper presents a method for precisely localizing and parking of bimodal trams. In order to gain an automatically driving system for bimodal trams, precise up-to-date localization, velocity recognition, distance to next station and precise parking location estimation functions are required. This paper proposes a system consisting of control device, steering device, sensor input equipment, driving system, tachometer, vehicle-side sensors, magnetic markers and magnetic sensors. The tram recognizes the precise location via magnetic markers containing information. Parking position and precise distance calculation is embodied by a tachometer. The vehicle-side sensors are used to assure safe station approaching and parking magnetic markers provide improvement of precision while tram parking. This paper provides a system realizing localization and precise parking and afterwards the automatic drive test results are reported and analyzed.

Clinical usefulness of infrared thermal imaging as a non-invasive screening test for diagnosis of vascular malformations

( Chihyeon Sohng ),( Jun Hong Park ),( Won Kee Lee ),( Jun Young Kim ),( Yong Hyun Jang ),( Weon Ju Lee ),( Seok-jong Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2

Background: Infrared thermal imaging (ITI), aka thermography, has been used widely in medicine, but been studied rarely its clinical application in vascular malformations (VMs). Objectives: This study investigated validity and usefulness of ITI as a new screening test to differentiate between capillary malformation (CM) and arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Methods: This study included 50 patients with VMs who conducted ITI between 2011 and 2018. They were divided into two groups; CM and AVM, and those with Parkes-Weber syndrome (PWS) were also included in AVM group. Temperature difference (ΔT) between lesional and contralateral non-lesional area was compared using ITI to calculate the maximum ΔT (ΔTmax). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was then plotted to determine optimal cutoff value of ΔTmax. Results: Of the total 50 patients, 34 were finally diagnosed with CM, and 16 AVM (12 pure AVM, and 4 PWS). AVM group had significantly higher ΔTmax (2.57±1.23°C) than CM group (0.69±0.50°C).The area under the curve of ΔTmax for diagnosis of AVM versus CM was 0.938. The sensitivity and specificity were showed 87.5% and 94.1% (LR+, 14.87; LR-, 0.13) in cutoff value of ΔTmax 1.39°C, and 81.3% and 97.1% (LR+, 27.62; LR-, 0.19) in cutoff value of ΔTmax 1.42°C. Conclusion: The value of ΔTmax measured by ITI was useful to distinguish AVM from CM, so ITI can be employed as a new non-invasive differential screening test for uncertain VMs.

국립공원 아고산대 독립훼손지 복원식생 분포특성 및 관리방안

김종엽(Jong-Yup Kim),윤주웅(Ju-Ung Yun),한봉호(Bong-Ho Han),곽정인(Jeong-In Kwak),박석철(Seok-Cheol Park),박수영(Su Young Park),정원옥(Won-Ok Jeong) 국립공원연구원 2022 국립공원연구지 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 독립훼손지 중 아고산대에 위치한 지리산국립공원 세석평전과 노고단 복원식생지를 대상으로 현존식생 분석 및 식생분포 특성을 파악하여 중장기적인 모니터링 및 관리방안 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 현존식생 조사범위는 훼손지 일대 유역권분포 현황을 고려하여 설정하였으며, 세석평전 조사면적은 55,037㎡, 노고단 조사면적은 166,599㎡ 이었다. 세석평전은 초본층에 의한 식생피복도는 90% 이상 수준으로서 나지노출이 없었고, 관목층의 피복도가 60% 이상으로 안정화되어 있었다. 주요 출현수종은 구상나무, 사스래나무, 쇠물푸레나무, 철쭉, 털진달래, 붉은병꽃나무 등 식재수종과 자연적으로 이입한 자생수종이 생육하고 있었다. 노고단은 신갈나무, 호랑버들, 철쭉, 털진달래, 미역줄나무 등이 우점하는 관목식생지가 52%로 가장 넓게 분포하고 있었고, 전반적으로 식생활착 상태가 양호하였다. 노고단의 원식생은 신갈나무군락으로 추정되었고, 군부대철거지에는 귀화식물이 분포하고 있기 때문에 적극적인 관리가 필요하였다. 연구대상지는 장기적으로 주변 자연식생과 조화로운 식생경관으로 발달할 것으로 예측되었다. 향후 훼손지 복원모델은 인근 지역의 원식생을 고려하여 설정해야 할 것이지만, 복원 달성 목표는 실현가능한 수준의 목표를 설정해야 할 것이다. This study was conducted to provide basic data for mid-to long-term monitoring and establishment of management plans by analyzing the existing vegetation and identifying the vegetation distribution characteristics for the restored vegetation in Nogodan and Seseokpyeongjeon in Jirisan National Park located in the subalpine zone among the independent damaged areas. Actual vegetation survey range was established in consideration of the distribution of the watershed around the damaged area. The surveyed area of Seseokpyeongjeon was 55,037㎡, and the surveyed area of Nogodan was 166,599㎡. In Seseokpyeongjeon, the vegetation coverage by the herbaceous layer was almost 90% or more, there was no bare exposure, and the coverage of the shrub layer was stabilized at 60% or more. The main emerging tree species were planted species such as Abies koreana, Betula ermanii, Fraxinus sieboldiana, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliatum, and Weigela florida as well as natively migrated native species. In Nogodan, the shrub vegetation dominated by Quercus mongolica, Salix caprea, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliatum, and Tripterygium regelii was the most widely distributed with 52% of the area, and the overall diet was good. The native vegetation of Nogodan was presumed to be a cypress colony. Naturalized plants were distributed in the military base demolition site, so active management was required. The study site was predicted to develop into a vegetation landscape in harmony with the surrounding natural vegetation in the long term. In the future, the restoration model for damaged areas should be set in consideration of the native vegetation of the nearby area, but the goal to achieve restoration should be set at a feasible level.

국립공원 관리를 위한 해양생태계 장기 모니터링 프로그램의 발전 방향

이채린(Chae-Lin Lee),유재원(Jae-Won Yoo),정병관(Byungkwan Jeoung),김창수(Chang-Soo Kim),안동식(Dong-Sik Ahn),김성태(Sungtae Kim),성은주(Eun-Ju Sung),김성현(Sung-Hyun Kim),정수영(Su-Yeoung Jeong),박영석(Young-Seuk Park) 국립공원연구원 2021 국립공원연구지 Vol.12 No.2

생태계 변화의 모니터링은 효율적 생태계 관리를 위한 기초 정보 수집을 위해 중요한 과정이다. 많은 생태 현상과 그 과정은 오랜 시간에 걸쳐 진행되므로 국립공원의 지속적인 보전 및 효율적 관리를 위해 생태계 모니터링은 장기적으로 이루어질 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 국내외 장기 모니터링 프로그램 사례 분석을 통해 성공적인 장기 모니터링을 위한 방법으로써, 최적화된 모니터링 설계, 표준화된 운용방안 마련, 인적 자원 및 DATA 관리 체계 수립, 안정적인 재정 마련 및 후속지원 등을 제시하였다. 이를 바탕으로, 현재 10년 넘게 수행되고 있는 ‘HS호 유류유출 사고 해역 장기 모니터링 프로그램’의 발전 방향으로 적응형 모니터링 방식이 적용된 표준화된 프로토콜의 정립, QA/QC와 지속적인 자료 관리, 조사 항목의 연계성 강화 등의 구체적 방안을 제안한다. Monitoring ecosystem changes is an important process for collecting basic information for ecosystem management. Since many ecological phenomena and their processes take place over a long period of time, it is necessary to conduct long-term monitoring of ecosystems for the continuous conservation and efficient management of national parks. This study suggested an optimized monitoring design, standardized operation plan, human resource and data management system, stable financial preparation and follow-up support as methods for successful long-term monitoring through case analysis of domestic and foreign long-term monitoring programs. Based on this, it proposes specific measures such as establishing a standardized protocol with adaptive monitoring methods, continuous data management with QA/QC, and strengthening the linkage of investigation items in the development direction of the “HS oil spill accident long-term monitoring program” that has been conducted for more than a decade.

국립공원 탐방로 안전지수 및 등급분석에 관한 연구

박준효(Pak, Jun-hou),전계원(Jun, Kye-Won),박상준(Park, Sang-Jun),김명준(Kim, Myeong-Jun),윤주웅(Yun, Ju-Ung) 한국산림휴양복지학회 2020 한국산림휴양학회지 Vol.24 No.4

본 연구에서는 탐방로 안전성 평가 모델을 활용하여 21개 국립공원을 대상으로 안전지수와 등급분석을 수행하였다. 현장조사를 통해 탐방로 주변 위험요소 중 하나라도 확인되면 취약구간으로 판단하여 안전지수를 산출하였다. 취약구간은 총 180.4km로 조사되었으며 탐방로 총 연장 1,995.5km 대비 약 9.0%로 확인되었다. 안전지수는 총 200점 중 최소 42.3점에서 최대 167.0점 분포를 보이고 평균값은 101.5점으로 나타났다. 안전지수를 토대로 등급을 분석한 결과, ‘관심(Concern)’ 등급은 60.8km(34%), ‘주의(Caution)’ 등급은 57.8km(32%), ‘위험(Dangerous)’ 등급은 49.6km(27%), ‘매우위험(Very dangerous)’ 등급은 12.2km(7%)로 나타났다. 매우위험 구간은 북한산국립공원(6.0km), 지리산국립공원(3.3km), 오대산국립공원(1.6km), 설악산국립공원(0.9km), 월악산국립공원(0.4km), 속리산국립공원(0.01km) 등 6개 국립공원 탐방로에서 총 12.2km로 나타났다. 북한산국립공원은 Y계곡, 의상능선 등이 해당되며, 지리산국립공원은 칠선계곡, 구룡계곡에서 확인되었다. 오대산국립공원은 노인봉 일원, 설악산국립공원은 공룡능선, 흘림골 등에서 나타났다. 월악산국립공원은 금수산 일원, 속리산국립공원 막장봉 구간이 매우위험 구간으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 향후 재난위험 저감대책 수립과 탐방로 정비 우선순위 선정 등 국립공원 안전관리 정책을 수립하기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다. In this study, the safety indexing and grading analysis were conducted for 21 national parks, using the trail safety evaluation model. If any one of the risk factors around the trail was identified through a field survey, the safety index was calculated by judging it as a vulnerability zone. The vulnerability zone was 180.4km in total, and it was found to be about 9.0% compared to the total length of 1,995.5km. The safety index was distributed from the minimum of 42.3 to the maximum of 167.0, and the average value was 101.5 of total 200 scores. As a result of analyzing the grade based on the safety index, 60.8km (34%) was in the ‘Concern’ grade, 57.8km (32%) was in the ‘Caution’ grade, 49.6km (27%) was in the ‘Dangerous’ grade, and 12.2km (7%) was in the ‘Very dangerous’ grade. ‘Very dangerous’ sections were found to be a total of 12.2 km. including 6 national park trails: Bukhansan National Park (6.0km), Jirisan National Park (3.3km), Odaesan National Park (1.6km), Seoraksan National Park (0.9km), Woraksan National Park (0.4km), Songnisan National Park (0.01km). In terms of ‘Very dangerous’ section, Bukhansan National Park included Y Valley and Uisang Ridge, and Jirisan National Park included Chilseon Valley and Guryong Valley. The area of Noinbong in Odaesan National Park, and Gongnyong Ridge and Heulimgol in Seoraksan National Park were included. And the Geumsusan area in Wolaksan National Park and Makjangbong in Songnisan National Park were found to be ‘Very dangerous’. This study could be used as basic data to establish national park safety management policies, such as selecting priority of trail maintenance and establishing countermeasures to reduce disaster risk.

Comparative Analysis of Risk Factors on Korea National Park Trails - Focusing on Bukhansan and Seoraksan National Park -

Jun Hyo Park,Ju Ung Yun,Jong Sun Kim,Kye Won Jun 위기관리 이론과 실천 2022 Crisisonomy Vol.18 No.3

국립공원은 대부분 산지에 위치하는 지리적 특성상 자연재해 위험요인들이 산재되어 있고, 각종 안전사고로 인한 인명 및 재산피해가 지속적으로 발생되고 있다. 본 연구는 선행연구를 통해 수집된 탐방로 안전성 평가 자료를 기반으로 유사한 특성을 보이는 북한산국립공원과 설악산국립공원의 위험요인 분포 및 특성을 비교 분석하여 효율적인 탐방로 안전관리 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 북한 산국립공원은 추락, 미끄러짐 등 안전사고로 인한 위험요인이 매우 높게 분포하는 반면, 설악산국립 공원은 안전사고보다 낙석 위험요인의 분포가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기존의 탐방로 안전관리의 획일적 정책방향을 개선하고 유사환경의 국립공원이라도 지질, 지형, 탐방객 특성 등 환경적 요인에 따라 세분화된 기준 수립의 필요성을 도출하였다. 본 연구는 향후 탐방로 안전관리 기술 고도화와 전문성 향상, 체계적인 안전관리로 인한 인명 및 재산피해 예방에 기여할 것으로 기대된다. National parks are geographically located in mountain areas, and natural disaster of risk factors are scattered, and damage to human life and property is continuously occurring due to various safety accidents. This study tried to suggest an efficient trail safety management plan by comparing and analyzing the distribution and characteristics of risk factors in Bukhansan and Seoraksan National Park, which show similar characteristics, based on the trail safety evaluation data collected from the previous studies. In Bukhansan National Park, risk factors due to safety accidents such as fall and slipping are very high, whereas in Seoraksan National Park, the distribution of risk factors for falling rocks is higher than safety accidents. These results improved the existing standardized policy direction for trail safety management and derived the necessity of establishing subdivided standards according to environmental factors such as geology, topography, and visitor characteristics, even in national parks with similar environments. This study is expected to contribute to the improvement of trail safety management technology, enhancement of expertise, and prevention of damage to human life and property due to systematic safety management.

A rational tissue engineering strategy based on three-dimensional (3D) printing for extensive circumferential tracheal reconstruction

Park, Jeong Hun,Park, Ju Young,Nam, Inn-Chul,Ahn, Minjun,Lee, Jae Yeon,Choi, Seok Hwa,Kim, Sung Won,Cho, Dong-Woo Elsevier 2018 Biomaterials Vol.185 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Extensive circumferential tracheal defects remain a major challenging problem in the field of tracheal reconstruction. In this study, a tissue-engineered tracheal graft based on three-dimensional (3D) printing was developed for extensive circumferential tracheal reconstruction. A native trachea-mimetic bellows scaffold, a framework for a tissue-engineered tracheal graft, was indirectly 3D printed and reinforced with ring-shaped bands made from medical grade silicone rubber. A tissue-engineered tracheal graft was then created by stratifying tracheal mucosa decellularized extracellular matrix (tmdECM) hydrogel on the luminal surface of the scaffold and transferring human inferior turbinate mesenchymal stromal cell (hTMSC) sheets onto the tmdECM hydrogel layer. The tissue-engineered tracheal graft with critical length was anastomosed end-to-end to the native trachea and complete re-epithelialization was achieved on the entire luminal surface within 2 months in a rabbit model with no post-operative complications. With this successful result, the present study reports the preliminary potential of the tissue-engineered tracheal graft as a rational tissue engineering strategy for extensive circumferential tracheal reconstruction.</P>