중학교 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생의 언어적 상호작용 분석

최경희,박종윤,최병순,남정희,최경순,이기순 한국과학교육학회 2004 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.24 No.6

이 연구의 목적은 중학교 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용이 실제로 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지를 관찰ㆍ분석하여 이에 대한 특징을 추출함으로써 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용에 대한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 이를 위해 수업 분석 준거를 개발하였으며, 8명의 과학 교사의 수업 12차시를 관찰 및 녹화하였으며, 교사와의 면담을 실시하였다. 수업 분석 결과, 관찰한 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용은 주로 교사의 단순 확인/기억 질문, 학생의 단답형 응답, 교사의 즉각적 피드백이 주를 이루었다. 교사가 사고 질문을 하고 지연 피드백을 부여 하는 경우 학생들이 자신의 생각을 드러내고 이를 기반으로 사고를 진전시켜 나갈 수 있었으나 이러한 사례는 그 수가 상당히 적었다. 교사들은 학생들의 사고를 유발하고 이를 진전시키기 위한 노력보다는 수업 내용을 논리적 흐름에 맞추어 체계적으로 제시하는 것에 더 큰 중점을 두는 경향이 있었다. 또한 관찰한 수업에서 교사가 시범 실험, 모형 혹은 실물 수업자료 등을 활용할 때 보다 많은 수의 학생들이 적극적으로 수업에 참여하여 자신의 생각을 드러내었으나 교사가 학생들의 생각을 바탕으로 학생들의 사고과정을 진전시켜 나가는 과정을 도모하지 않음으로써 학생들의 사고과정을 단절시키는 경우가 많았다. 따라서 수업 활동과 수업 자료 활용이 효과를 거두기 위해서는 각각의 활용에 있어서 학생들과 구체적으로 어떠한 상호 작용을 형성해야 하는지에 대해 연구가 이루어져야하며, 또한 교사는 교사의 질문이나 피드백이 학생들의 학습에 중요한 역할을 함을 인식해야 한다. The purpose of this study is to analyze verbal interaction between teachers and students in order to collect qualitative data on the characteristics of the interaction to enhance teaching efficacy. Total of 12 classes of eight science teachers were observed and were interviewed. The classes were video taped and all the verbal interactions were transcribed. The transcribed content and interviews were further analyzed to draw any conclusions on the verbal interaction between teachers and students. Analysis criteria for the data on the class and interview were developed based on the literature review and applied to analyze the collected content. The analyzed data showed that verbal interactions composed of confirmation questions for memorization, students' short responses and teacher's immediate feedbacks. The results of the study also suggested that there needs to be further studies on the interactional techniques for teacher in utilizing the class materials and activities. The teachers should acknowledge the importance of the questions and feedbacks of teachers for students to stimulate their sound learning through literatures.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

우리나라 長壽者의 生活 및 意識調査에 관한 硏究 - Ⅴ. 過去의 健康疾病 및 苦痛에 대한 態度 -

최진호(Jin-Ho Choi),변재형(Jae-Hyeung Pyeun),임채환(Chae-Hwan Rhim),양종순(Jong-Soon Yang),김수현(Soo-Hyun Kim),김정한(Jeung-Han Kim),이병호(Byeong-Ho Lee),우순임(Soon-Im Woo),최선남(Sun-Nam Choe),변대석(Dae-Seok Byun),김무남(Mu-Nam 군산대학교 수산과학연구소 1994 군산대학교 수산과학연구소 연구논문집 Vol.1 No.-

The present study was designed to be link a part of the research on the investigation on daily life and consciousness of the longevous people in Korea, and to investigate the health conditions, and the attitude on disease and suffering of longevous people in the past. 1. By the health conditions of longevous people between 40 and 60 years, ""very good"" showed the highest figure of 71.0%, followed by ""ordinary"" (21.6%). Consequently it is found that 92.6% of total longevous people surveyed maintained the good health conditions above ordinary. 2. Of the experiences of disease and/or injury after 60 years of longevous people, ""never"" showed the highest figure of 74.7%, while ""had"" showed the only 22.6% of total longevous people surveyed. 3. Of the details of disease and/or injury after 60 years of longevous people. ""digestive disease"" showed the highest figure of 32.6%. followed by ""apoplexia cerebri & hypertensions""(14.0%) and ""heart disease""(14.0%), and followed by ""respiratory disease""(12.3%). 4. Of the experiences of suffering between 40 and 60 years of longevous people, ""never"" showed 53.7% of total longevous people surveyed, while the frequency of suffering decreased in the order of ""once""(22.7%), ""2 times""(15.8%) and ""3 times""(4.7%). By the details of suffering between 40 and 60 years of longevous people. ""family life"" showed the highest figure of 85.1%, followed by ""business""(10.1%). 5. By the attitude on suffering of longevous people, ""tried to forget soon"" showed the highest figure of 54.2%, followed by ""continuous worried""(23.3%), and followed by ""not worried""(7.2%).

최근 10년간 원광의대병원에서 시행한 소아 심장혈관 수술의 임상적 고찰

윤향석,정수미,최두영,오광수,오연균,김종덕,양현웅,이삼윤,김형곤,최종범,최순호,노병석 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1995 圓光醫科學 Vol.11 No.2

We reviewed 10 years experiences of the clinical aspects and early postoperative results in 544 pediatric patients(age less than 16 years old). Among them. 529 cases had the congenital heart diseases, and 15 had the acquired diseases. Open heart surgery was performed in 413 patients. 115 cases were treated with non-open heart surgery. 16 with interventional catheterization. Annual increase of the cardiac patients was not significant in recent 10 years, except slight increase in 1994. The mean age of the study patients had been evidently changed to younger year by year. Total mortality rate of the open heart surgery was 6.4%. The cyanotic congenital heart diseases were high in early postoperative mortality by 25.7%, whereas 4% in acyanotic group. The age group less than one month was most highest in surgical mortality(66.7%). There were no deaths in patients with patent ductus arteriosus(103 cases), atrial septal defect(83 cases) or pulmonary stenosis(17 cases). Among 220 patients with ventricular septal defects(VSD). 10(4.5%) were died early postoperatively. In cyanotic group, the patients with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defects(PAVSD), transposition of the great arteries(TGA), interrupted aortic arch(IAA), complex cardiac anomalies with isomerism seemed to be most susceptible to an early death.

프로축구팀에 대한 지역주민들의 사회문화적 인식

최동순,이창섭,이종호 충남대학교 체육과학연구소 2006 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.24 No.1

This study is on sociocultural recognition of regional residents for professional football dub, Daejeon Citizen FC. For this 348 persons were participated in survey. Two Analyses were performed : 1) One-way analysis of varience that investigates the significant differences of sociocultural recognition among sex, age, school career, income, and social class, participation degree for soccer activities and interest degree for soccer; 2) multiple regression analysis that investigates the sociocultural cognitions(regional identity, social interaction, cultural life) of regional residents for Daejeon Citizen FC(existence, game, relevance with residents). The result of above analyses gained following conclusions : 1) There are significant differences on sociocultural recognition among sex, social class, participation degree for soccer activities and interest degree for soccer. 2) Game, relevance between residents and Daejeon Citizen FC contribute to reinforcement of regional identity, social interaction and cultural life of residents; existence of Daejeon Citizen FC do not contribute to them instead.

대장암 환자에서 Survivin mRNA의 발현과 간 전이와의 연관성

최종순,장희경 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.1

연구배경 및 목적 Survivin은 새로이 고사(아포프토시스)-억제 유전자군에 추가된 유전자이다. Survivin 발현이 대장암에서 보고는 되고 있으나, 상이한 결과들로 논란이 많으며, 임상적 의의에 대해서도 불명확하다. 더욱이 이 유전자는 암 치료나 예방적 항암치료의 표적으로의 가능성이 제기되고 있다. 대장암 survivin 유전자의 발현을 조사하고 임상 및 예후 인자들과의 관련성을 분석하여 대장암의 발생과 임상 측면에서이들 유전자의 역할을 이해하고 예방과 치료에 이용할 수 있는 지를 조사하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 다양한 병기의 37예의 신선한 대장암 수술 조직을 대상으로 하였다. 암 조직과 주위 비종양성 조직에서 전체 mRNA를 분리하여 역전사-연쇄중합효소반응으로 survivin mRNA를 검출하였다. PCR 산물을 확인하기 위하여 아클로닝후에 DNA 염기 분석을 시행하였다. 결 과 대장에서 Survivin의 발현율은 대장암 조직에서는 94.6%였고, 비종양성 조직에서는 51.4%으로, 대장암 조직에서 survivin의 발현이 높았으나, 비종양성 조직에서의 경계성 영역의 유의한 차이가 인정되었다(0.05<p=0.065< 0.1). 연령, 성별, 침윤 깊이, 림프절 전이, 혈관과 신경 침범, 간으로의 전이 등의 임상 및 병리학적 인자들과 관련성은 없었다. 결 론 survivin은 대장암에서 암특이적으로 발현되지 않았다 (0.05<p=0.065< 0.1). 대장암의 치료나 chemoprevention에서 SSX(synovial sarcoma on X chromosome gene)와 survivin의 이용은 가능하나 제한적일 것으로 생각된다. SSX와 survivin 발현의 상관성이 인정되지 않으므로, 대장암에서 SSX은 survivin-관련 항아포토시스 경로와는 무관할 것으로 생각된다. Background : Survivin is a novel member of the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAP) gene family. Although survivin expression has been reported in colon cancer, the results are still controversial and its clinical significanceincluding chemoprevention remains unclear. Some reports described thegene as a potential target in anticancer or chemopreventive therapy. To facilitate understanding of survivin in the colon cancer, the clinicopathological significance was investigated with the expression of survivin. Methods : Surgical specimen were obtained from a total 37 cases of consecutive patients with various stages of colorectal carcinoma who had undergone a resection. To determine survivin mRNA in colorectal carcinomas and adjacent normal colorectal tissue samples, total RNA was isolated from each of the samples after lysis in quanidinium isothiocyanate and phenol extraction and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was done. The PCR products were confirmed by DNA sequencing after subcloning. Results : The positive rate of survivin in cancer tissue was 94.6%(35/37) and that of non-neoplastic colorectal tissue was 51.4%(19/37). S urvivin expression t ended to i ncrease in c ancer tissue, but h as s tatistically m arginal significance(0.05<p=0.065< 0.1). The correlation of survivin expressions to age, gender, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, vessel and perineural invasions, and liver metastasis was not found. Conclusions : The expression of survivin appears not to be eligible to differentiate malignant from benign lesions in colon, even though it has marginal significance(0.05<p=0.065< 0.1). The role of survivin-associated apoptosis may be unnoticeable, in the light of insignificant correlation of gene expression to the other prognostic factors in colon cancer.

乳房炎 乳汁에서 分離된 原因菌의 抗菌劑 感受性

崔民淳,金鍾冕,趙正坤,蔡孝錫,姜明大,宋熹鍾 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1987 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.1 No.-

A total of 189 strains (Streptococcus agalactiae and non-Streptococcus agalactiae 110, Staphylococcus aureus 63, and E. coli 16) isolated from bovine mastitie milk samples by "The Connecticut Mastitis Control Program" in dairy herds were examined for drug susceptibility to 8 drugs and analysed the rate of multiple resistant patterns. 1. All of the isolates were resistant to antimicrobial agents such as penicillin (PC), streptomycin (SM), kanamycin(KM), carbenicillin (CA), lincomycin (LM), gentamicin (GM), and tetracycline (TC), singly or multiply. The isolates were more susceptible to CA (84.1%),PC (78.9%), and SM (78.4%) than the the other drugs such as GM (51.8%), KM (48.7%), TC (19.6%) and LM (19.0%) in order. 2. The multiple resistant isolates (96.3%) were more than those of singly resistant isolates (3.7%) and 58 different drug resistant patterns were observed. Among 7 singly resistant isolates, CP was the commonest. While among 182 multiple resistant isolates, CP-KM-LM-TC-GM, CP-LM-TC, CP-LM-TC-GM, PC-CP-SM-LM-TC-GM, CP-KM-LM-TC, and CP-LM patterns were frequently encounted. 3. The strains of streptococcus spp. were more susceptible to CA (90.1%) and SM (82.9%) than the other drugs such as KM (43.2%), GM (38.7%), LM (13.5%), CP (10.8%) and TC (10.8%). Among them CP-KM-LM-TC-CM pattern was frequently encounted. 4. The strains of Sta. aureus were more susceptible to PC (74.6%),CA (69.8%), SM (65.1%) and GM (63.5%) than the other drugs such as KM (46.0%), CP (22.2%), TC (15.9%) and LM (9.5%). Among them CP-LM-TC pattern was commonly encounted. 5. The strains of E. coli were more susceptible to CA (100%) and KM (75.0%) tnan TC (9.5%). But the other drugs such as PC, SM, GM, CP and LM were not. Among them PC-CP-SM-LM-TC-GM pattern was commonly encounted.

Plasminogen kringle (angiostatin) 분획의 유효부분 분석

최영기,서원덕,이종수,신광순,김철중 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1998 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

In order to inhibit the growth of the malignant tumor, the development of various drugs against the malignant tumors has been archived. The combination of these drugs made the tumor therapy possible, but in many cases, secondary matastasis of the tumor to the other organs after its removal has been frequently reported. The angiostain, recently purified and cloned, not only promtes the angiogenesis of the tumor itself in the primary tumor but also inhibits the angiogenesis and metastasis of the secondary tumors. In this study, the nucleic acid sequences of the angiostatin was investigated. And the angiostain gene was expressed in a prokayotic expression system(E. coli) and a eukayotic expression system(Pichia pastoris). The angiostain gene was futher subcloned into 6 clones to characterize its biological activity. In the near future the biological activity and the biochemical property of the protein encoded by each clone will be elucidated.

현대 무도(武道)의 지향과제에 대한 논의

최종균,장재이,홍장표,박순진,김의영 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 1999 武道硏究所誌 Vol.10 No.1

I would like to make the following suggestions on the basis of such problems as arguments over the philosophies and historicity of modern martial arts, a flood of groups with commercialism, the absence of true martial arts in the wake of game-oriented trends, and the stagnation of martial arts. First, the philosophy and historicity of martial arts should be established. I should like to suggest that the philosophy of martial arts should be established through the understanding of the changing aspect of the Eastern cultures and changes in the meanings of martial arts. Second, the groups of martial arts should be fostered in a synthetic fashion. Third, the methods of running martial-art games should be improved. That is, it is necessary that the games should be improved in order to activate the essence of martial arts. Fourth, martial arts should be made academic. Philosophy, science and Comtism should be organically connected so that martial arts may be academically systemized.

제조업체 생산관리상의 문제점에 관한 비교 연구

최응순,곽종욱 관동대학교 기업경영연구소 1999 경영논집 Vol.18 No.-