韓國産 Paramphistomum explanatum(Creplin, 1849)의 核型分析

李宰求,姜昌源,李浩一 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1987 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.1 No.-

As a series of systematic classification of paramphistomes, in the first step, paramphistomes in the rumen and reticulum were collected on 170 Korean cattles (2∼3 years age, male) siaughtered at Jeonju abattoir from July, 1984 to September, 1985 and were calssified by means of morphology of the worms. Afterwards, the karyotype of Paramphistomum explanatum (Creplin, 1849) which is the common in Korean cattle was detected by means of modified air-arying method from testis cells of the worm. The following is a brief summary of the leading facts gained through the experiment. 1. Most of the cattle slaughtered at the abattoir were infected with paramphistomes. The 5 species of the worms were detected on 170 Korean cattle and the worm burden per head was from 2 to 784 (on the average 170) worms, 120(70.59%) heads out of them involving 2∼100 worms. In 28,900 individuals of paramphistomes obtained on 170 Korean cattle, appearance rates of various worms were as follows : 49.74% in P. explanatum, 48.08% in P. cervi, 0.98% in Orthocoelium orthocoelium, 0.89% in Fischoederius cobboldi and 0.14% in Cotylophoron cotylophorum. 2. The chromosome number of 620 P. explanatum in the haploid and diploid cells was n=9 and 2n=18, and abundant cells in meiotic division were observed; 1,420 haploid and 38 diploid cells were reliable. Nine pairs of mitotic chromosomes were homologous and the chromosomes were composed of five medium-sized metacentrics(m), subtelocentrics(st) or submetacentrics(sm)and four smallsized subtelocentrics(st) or submetacentrics(sm), while meiotic metaphase chormosomes were composed of five medium and four small-sized. 3. The haploid of the testis cells showed C-band in the centromeric region from S of them, whereas the remaining chromosome No. 5 included heterochromatin on the tip region, and chromosomes No. 3 and No. 7 showed a remarkable C-band distinguished from other chromosomes.

간디스토마에 작용하는 천연물 및 그 유사체

안병준,이재구 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1987 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.1 No.-

Among 230 species of herbal drugs screened, thirty one show the anthelmintic activities in vilro against Clonorchis sinensis, the chinese liver fluke. The active substances have been isolated and their structures identified, Some of the active substances and their derivatives have been synthesized, followed by anthelmintic activity tests. The extracts from the active drugs cause damages in organs of the adult worm in the hepatic duct of rabbit. Some fresh water fish, which function as bad hosts for the fluke, excrete defense substances against the cercaria of the fluke. The defense substances have been isolated from Cyprinus carpio and Cyprinus carpio nudus, followed by structural identification. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The bark of machilus thunbergii as well as the seed of Schizandra chinensis contain meso-dihydro-guaiaretic acid as the anthelmintic component. Among derivatives synthesized, 4-phenyl-1-〔(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-, 4-phenyl-l-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy phenyl)-and 4-phenyl-l-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl)-2,3-dimethyl butanes show considerable activities. Administration of the bark extract mainly damages the bladder of the adult worm. 2〕 The active substance from the roasted fruit of Prunus mume is 2-hydroxymethylfurfural. This substance is produced during the roasting process. Administration of the fruit extract causes a damage of the bladder of the adult worm. 3) The active substance from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis is 5.2^'-dihydroxy-6,7,8,6^' -tetramethoxyflavone. 4) Beside alantolactone, a very strong anthelmintic component is contained in the root of Inula helenium. Administration of the root extract causes irreversible damage on the worm, affecting mainly the reproductive organs. 5) The cercaricidal substances from the epidermis of C. carpio and C. carpio nudus are ethyl linoleate and linoleic acid, respertively. 6) The cercaricidal dubstances from various kinds of fresh water fish have different R_f calues,implying that the defense substances are species-specific. Unexpectedly, the fish with good host function, for example Pseudorasbora parva, excrete the defense substances, too. The defense substances are possibly organ-specific in individual species; the organs essenstial for the existence of the species excrete the defense substances, allowing other parts to be invaded by the cercaria. 7) The cercaricidal fraction of Carassius carasssius is delected only in the fish which have been collected during the summer time from May to September. Its secretion is not dependant on water temperature. Thus, it seems to be possible that the secretion of the defense substance would be stimulated through a contact between the fish and cercaria.

湖水의 環境保全에 있어서의 生物化學的 硏究 : 玉井湖의 營養鹽과 Vitamin B_12의 含量 Distribution of Chemical Compounds and Vitamin B_12 of Okjeong Lake

金鍾冕,朴忠雄,田銀順,孔錫宗 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1987 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.1 No.-

Concentration of dissolved vitamin B_12 in the water of Okjeong lake have been determined by microbiological assay methods on the 20th of August, 1983. Also the relations between the vitamin B_12 and other physical, chemical and biological environmental factors were investigated. Vitamin B_12 was assayed with Euglena gracilis Z strain. The results obtained in this investigation were as folows:1. Generally, the values of COD and Cl^- were higher than values reported in 1981. 2. The concentration of nutrient salts in the lake water was found to be at a higher level: above the general criterion in a eutrophic lake viz., phosphorous 0.175-0.225 ㎎/l. 3. Chlorophyll a contents in this lake were 1.1-8.7 ㎍/l. 4. The concentration of vitamin B_12 in the water fairly high: 1.25-6.0 ng. It is apparent that concentrations of the vitamin B_12 as well as nutrient salts were high in the water of Okjeong lake. It was found that Okjeung lake was in eutrophic.

Polyacrylamide 겔 電氣泳動法에 依한 乳房炎乳의 Whey Protein 組成에 關한 硏究

李賢珠,趙鍾厚 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1991 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.4 No.-

Samples of normal and mastitis milk from Holstein cows Chonbuk region were obtained and analyzed to compare the contents and compositions of whey protein components of both milk samples by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sensitometric tracing. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. Samples of normal milk from Holstein cows were classified to 3 types by β-lactoglobulin comprised in whey protein : genetic AB type which contains both β-lactoglobulin A and B, genetic variant B type which contains only β-lactoglobulin B, and genetic variant A type which contains only β-lactoglobulin A. 2. Whey proteins of normal milk were resolved into 3 major fractions with relative proportions of approximately 69: 15: 15 for total β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, and serum albumin. 3. There were no differences in the concentrations of total β-lactoglobulin of 3 milk types although relative proportion of β-lactoglobulin A and B in AB type was 69.4 : 30.6. 4. Serum albumin contents in case with clinical mastitis milk were increased regardless of types of milk, and showed markedly elevated levels of 8∼26 times compared with serum albumin levels of normal milk whey. 5. Mastitis milk of AB type from Holstein cow with heavy clinical sign showed a disappearance of α-lactalbumin, but not in cases of mastitis milk from cow with other types of milk(A or B)and maintained consistent levels. 6. β-Lactoglobulins in mastitis milk with light clinical sign were not changed. But with the increase in the severity of mastitis β-lactoglobulin contents showed notably decreating trend. 7. Total whey protein contents in all mastitis milk regardless of genetic variant types of milk appeared great increases. 8. With the increase of the severity of mastitis the content of serum albumin was generally on a trend of the increase while the content of β-lactoglobulin appeared of the decrease and α-lactalbumin did not show a significant alteration of relative proportion.

脫皮大豆粕과 全脂大豆粕의 돼지에 對한 飼料價置

朴弘錫,崔亨松,李成哲,許三男 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1988 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.2 No.-

A 105-day feeding trial with 3-way crossbred piglets were conducted to inversigate the feedin values of dehulled soybean meal and dry extruded full-fat soybean in pigs. A total of 45-day-old 72piglets were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments ; the Control treatment, two dehulled soybean meal treatments in which dehulled soybean treatment in which full-fat soybean replaced tallow and pert of soybean meal in Control. There were 3 replicates per treatment and 6 piglets (3 female and 3 castrated male) per replicate(pen). Four all-mash experimental diets were formulated to have similar levels of energy and protein. Economic evaluations were conducted upon the completion of the feeding trial. When dehulled soybean meal replaced soybean meal a part or all of fish meal in Control, the growth performance of pigs appeared to improve but not enough to show a significant degree. However, the feed cost per ㎏ gain was lowered greatly by replacing soybean and fish meal with dehulled soybean meal. When full-fat soybean replaced soybean mel and tallow in Control, pigs appeared to grow faster and consume more feed during starting and growing period, without any change in feed efficiency. During the finishing period, however, no difference in growth performance was found by the replacement. Throughout the overall feeding period, the feed cost per ㎏ gain in pigs fed full-fat soybean was similar to that of Control. Notably, the feed cost per ㎏ gain during starting and growing period increased by the use of full-fat soybean. During the finishing period, however, the trend was reversed. In conclusion, the growth performance of pigs was affected favorbly by the use of defulled soybean meal replacing regulat soybean meal and fish meal. Moreover, the use of dehulled soybean meal turned out to be economically advantageous. The growth performance of pigs was not affected adversely by the use of full-fat soybean in replacement for soybean meal and tallow. Economically, more favorable results may be expected if the usage of full-fat soybean be limited to the finishing period.

麥芽蒸溜廢液의 飼料的 利用에 關한 硏究

朴弘錫,車章玉,崔亨松,李成哲 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1987 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.1 No.-

To investigate Potale syrup (a malt whisky distillers soulble) as a feedstuff its nutrient contents were analyzed and compared with those of corn, soybean meal and fish meal. Then, a feeding trial was conducted with 25 Holstein milking cows divided into five groups of five animals each. For the feeding trial fermented feeds containing different levels of Pot ale syrup using Aspergillus-oryzae were made and the fermented feed were fed in replacement for the part of a commercially made milking cow concentrate mixture. According to the treatment 0,5,10 or 15% of Pot ale syrup was used in the fermented feed which was then fed at 6㎏ level together with 3㎏ of the concentrate mixture, while cows of the control group were fed 7㎏ of the concentrate mixture per day which made the same amount of dry matter consumption for all the cows. Milk production was measured everyday during the whole experimental period, but milk composition was measured during the last two weeks only. Results obtained are as follows; 1. Pot ale syrup contatined very high moisture, nearly 40%, and its pH was measured to be 4.3. The high moisture content and the low pH of Pot ale syrup were believed to be the major defect of Pot ale syrup a feedstuff. 2. On a dry matter basis, Pot ale syrup contained crude protein 31.92%, crude fiber 16.2%, crude fat 1.77% and crude ash 3.64%. The high protein content suggest that Pot ale syrup could be used as a good protein source. 3. Among mineral contents phosphorus and copper were very high, 0.57% and 137.5ppm, respectively, which indicate that Pot ale syrup is a good source of phosphorus but one must be careful with copper content of the ration when Pot ale syrup is used. 4. Amino acid content of Pot ale syrup was basically similar to that of corn, but lysine and histidine appear to be much higher. 5. Cows seemed to refuse the fermented feeds containing Pot ale syrup at the begining, but they acepted the feed graually well and their performance were as good as the control group. Cows fed the fermented feed containing 10% or 15% of Pot ale syrup appear to show even higher milk production. The drop of milk production after a certaim period during the experiment was much slower for the cows fed the fermented feeds containing Pot ale syrup when compared to that of the control group. this could be from the fact that these ration contained slightly higher protein due to te high Pot ale syrup content than the concentrate mixture. Milk fat content was slightly lower for the cows fed the fermented feeds containing Pot ale syrup but difference was not statistically significant at a 5% level.

Etude biochimique de la fonte des fromages

LEE, B. O.,PAQUET, D.,ALAIS, C. 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1987 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.1 No.-

A model system was used to measure the peptization rate during cheese processing. Capacity of peptization for orthophosphate is very limited and with polyphosphates peptization rate increases rapidly with concentration and polyphosphate polymerization. Important peptization is obtained with polyphosphates that contain at least 3 atoms of phosphorus. The influence of pH has been studied ; highest peptization is near pH 6.5. At lower pH, near isoelectric point of caseins, the peprization is very weak. There is a relationship between unsedimentable calcium proportion and peprization. The reduction of the size of protein aggregates during melting is confirmed.

生理的 要求에 따른 燐의 時間別 給與가 産卵鷄의 能力에 미치는 影響

柳景善,崔辰浩 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1987 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.1 No.-

An experiment was conducted fr 14 days using 108 Manina Brown laying hens of 27 weeks of age to study the effects of dietary phosphorus levels on egg production, feed intake, feed efficiency, time of oviposition, specific gravity and weight of eggs. Hens were divided into 12 pens and each was assigned to one of the three treatments with 4 replications. Each hen was housed in individual cage. Birds on treatment 1 were fed a control diet ( 0.70% P ) continuously and served as control. Hens on treatment 2 received a high phosphorus diet ( HP ; 2.54% P ) between 06:00 and 10:00 and a low phosphorus diet ( LP ; 0.33% P ) for the rest of the day. Treatment 3 was fed HP diet for four hours immediately following oviposition and LP diet for the rest of the day. All diets contained a constant level of calcium( 4.04% ). Results indicated that egg production, feed intake, feed efficiency were not significantly affected by the treatments. Hens in treatment 3 tended to lay carlier than those in treatments 1 ( P<.0.05 ) and 2 ( P<.0.01 ). There were no significant differences in egg weights among treatments. Egg specific gravity, however, was significantly ( P<0.01 ) imroved by feeding HP diet for 4 hours immediately following oviposition ( treament 3 ). There was no significant difference in the specific gravity between eggs from the control and treatment 2. There were found a linear relationship for egg weight and a quadratic relationship for egg specific gravity ( P<.0.01 ) with time of oviposition. Specific gravity of eggs tended to be low as the egg weight increased.

發癌劑 3-Methylcholanthrene 投與 마우스에 對한 免疫生物學的 硏究 : Ⅰ. 足蹠腫脹反應 및 血中抗體價 I. Footpad Swellig Reaction and Antibody Titer in Serum

宋熹鍾,金鍾冕 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1987 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.1 No.-

Experiments were performed on mice to investigate the effects of a polycycic aromatic hydrocatbon, 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) on Arthus reaction, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and antibody production to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Mice were sensitized iv with 0.1㎖ of 1% SRBC suspension were treated with a single ip injection of olive oil alone or with different doses of MCA in oil (0.5∼50㎎/㎏0 at various time before (-) or after (+) sensitization (day 0) and were challenged at 4 days after SRBC. Atrhus reaction was measured at 3 hours after challenge and other responses at 24 hours. Treatment with MCA inhibited Arthus reaction and DTH to SRBC, measured by footpad swelling reaction, and this immunosuppressing effect was dependent on the dose and time of MCA treatment in relation to SRBC sensitization. Humoral immune responses as measured by serum hemagglutinin-and hemolysin-titers to SRBC were significantly depressed when MCA was injected before or at the same time of sensitization. However, the response was slightly depressed when injected after SRBC. These result indicate that MCA suppress the function of the cells involved in immune responses.

韓牛의 肩胛骨 發生에 關한 形態學的 硏究

朴文億,梁弘鉉,白永基 全北大學校 附設 畜産開發硏究所 1991 畜産開發硏究報告 Vol.4 No.-

This study was undertaken to obtain basic data on the fetal endochondral ossification in the native Korean cattle scapula, using histochemical observation to determine the earliest stages of both chondrification and ossification. Thirty scapulae, from a series of embryos and fetuses of the korean native cattle ranging from 11 to 70mm in crown-rump (C-R) length were used The ossification center was observed in the supra and infraspinus fossa in the 5th group (CRL 51-60mm), markedly ossified in the 6th group (CRL 61-70mm) by Alizatin red S stain. The chondrogenic center was observed in the 1st group (CRL 11-20mm), and the primary ossification center was presented in the 4th group (CRL 41-50mm) by H-E stain. Osteocytes, Osteoblasts, Myeloid cells, and irregular ladder shaped trabeculae were observed in actively developing areas of endochondral ossification in the 5th group (CRL 51-60mm)by H-E stain. Alcianophility was increased markedly in the intererritorial matrix in the 3rd group (CRL 31-40mm). Also this reaction was decreased markedly in the interterritorial matrix, the adjacent portion to the marrow cavity, and trabecula in the 5th group (CRL 51-60mm).