TNF-α 유전자로 형질전환된 효모의 성장양태 및 단백질 생산

심두희,이진옥,이동근,이재화 신라대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 自然科學論文集 Vol.13 No.-

사람 TNF-a를 생산하도록 GPD promoter와 AG promoter로 형질전환된 S. cerevisiae가 보이는 성장양상, 총분비단백질, pretease 활성을 측정하였다. GPD promoter로 형질전환 된yeast는 63.6 g/L의 성장이 일어났고 총분비단백질은 9 mg/L이며, pretease 활성은 2.55 X10^(4) unit/L 였다. AG promoter로 형질전환된 yeast의 경우엔 68 g/L의 성장이 측정되고 총분비단백질은 27 mg/L, pretease 활성1.55 X10^(4) unit/L였다. 단백질과 protease 분비량은 세포의 성장과 비례하는 것을 알 수 있었고, GPD promoter로 발현되는 TNF-a의 양은 배양초기에는 검출 한계 이하였고 15시간 이후에 증가하는 양상을 보여 배양 후 35시간째에 가장 많은 양 약 2535 ng/ml 정도가 분비되는 것으로 나타났다. We measured growth, total secreted protein and total secreted protease of transformed Saccharomyces cerevisiae with human TNF-α gene. Two different promoters, GPD promoter and AG promoter, were used for heterologous expression of human TNF-α gene. The growth which transformed TNF-α:GPD promoter was 63.9 g/L and total secreted protein was 9mg/L, protease activity was 2.55 x 10^(4) unit/L. In another case at TNF-α:AG promoter the growth was 68 g/L, total secreted protein was 27 mg/L and protease activity was 1.55 X 10^(4) unit/L. We could know total secreted protein and protease were directly proportional increase with growth. In initial time of culture, we could not see the TNF-α content in GPD promoter but after 15hours the yeast produced TNF-α. The highest level of product of TNF-a was 2535 ng/ml at 35hours after culture.

紅景天(Rhodiola sachlinensis)에서 항균성 물질의 분리 및 동정

심창주,이규희,정재홍,이상덕,김영호,오만진 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2004 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.11 No.1

홍경천의 천연 보존료로서의이용성을 검토하기 위하여 각종 용매로 홍경천 추출물을 제조하고 극성에 따라 순차분획, silica-gel chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, high perfomance liquid chromatography의 분리과정을 거쳐 순수 분리된 각 물질을 GC/MS(EI) spectrum, ¹H-NMR spectrum, ¹³C-NMR spectrum을 이용하여 항균물질을 동정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 홍경천에 대해 acetone, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, chloroform, water의 각 용매로 추출한 결과 항균성분의 추출 용매로는 methanol이 가장 우수하였다. 홍경천 methanol 추출물을 n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, n-butyl alcohol로 분획한 결과 ethyl acetate와 n-butyl alcohol 분획에서 우수한 항균력을 나타내었다. 홍경천 methanol 추출물은 그람양성 4균주와 그람음성 4균주에 대해 고체 배지의 경우 대체로 500 μg/mL에서 최소저해를 나타냈으며, 액체배지의 경우 100 μg/mL 내외에서 최소저해를 나타내었다.] Silica gel column chromatography에서 용매의 배율을 높여가며 용출한 결과 chloroform : methanol(8:2, v/v)의 비율에서 항균력이 가장 높게 나타났다. 분리된 항균성분을 silica-gel TLC plate에 용매의 비율을 높여가며 전개시켜 chloroform : methanol(9:1, v/v)에서 9개의 물질군을 얻을 수 있었으며, 그 중 항균력이 확인된 3개의 물질군을 HPLC와 NMR spectrum을 분석한 결과 gallic acid, (-)-epicatechin 및 kaempferol로 동정되었다. gallic acid, (-)-epicatechin 및 kaempferol의 항균물질 각각의 최소저해농도는 Staphylococcus aureus와 Listeria monocytogenes에 대해 gallic acid와 kaempferol 이 500 μg/mL, (-)-epicatechin이 100 μg/mL에서 저해를 나타내었다. The antimicrobial substances from Rhodiola sachalinensis were extracted, isolated and identified. The highest level of antimicrobial activity and its yield were obtained in methanol extract. The minimum inhibition concentrations of the methanol extract were 500 μg/mL on agar plate and 100 μg/mL in broth media for four gram positive and four gram negative microbials. The methanol extract was fractionated by n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and butanol, orderly. The separate was developed on the TLC plate with different solvent system ratio of chloroform and methanol. Nine substances were isolated from chloroform and methanol mixture(9:1, v/v). Among them, three isolates showed antimicrobial activity. Three substances separated by HPLC were identified by GC/MS(EI) spectrum and ^(1)H, ^(13)C-NMR spcetrum. They were gallic acid, (-)-epicatechin and kaempferol. The antimicrobial activites of each substances were shown gallic acid, (-)-epicatechin, kaempferol, orderly.

‘융복합교육’ 기반 수업 설계 사례 연구 : 예비 교사를 중심으로

심수진,박재현,최수빈,안성호 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2016 교과교육학연구 Vol.20 No.4

본 사례 연구는 융복합교육의 현장 실천과 적용가능성 및 교사의 융복합교육 전문성 제고에 기여하고자, 한 중학교 현장에서 교생실습의 일환으로 자생적으로 행해진 예비교사들의 융복합교육 기반 수업 설계 프로젝트를 분석한 것이다. 한 교사의 주도 하에 21명의 예비교사들이 다섯 개 모둠으로 나누어 협업함으로써 융복합수업을 설계하였는데, 본 논문에서는 그 교사의 서면 인터뷰와 예비교사들의 수업지도안, 발표, 전문가 컨설팅, 성찰지를 자료로 취합하여 정성적으로 분석하였다. 특히 융복합수업 지도안에 대해서는 이전에 체계화되어 있는 융복합교육 프로그램 구성 틀을 바탕으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 수업지도안은 각각 창의적으로 다양하게 융복합교육적 목표와 방식 및 맥락을 충분히 잘 반영하였으며 주제, 내용, 활동요소 등도 융복합에 부합하게 유기적으로 연결된 것이 발견되었다. 단, 자율적 실천 역량을 더욱 촉진하고 개인에서 세계로까지 맥락을 확대하며 이를 다채로운 활동들을 혼합하여 구성할 것이 요구되었다. 한편, 성찰지에 의하면, 이번 사례에 대해 예비교사들은 1) 융복합교육을 ‘과목 간 연계성’, ‘수업의 맥락화’, ‘학습자 중심’으로 차별화하였으며, 2) 융복합수업 설계를 하면서 얻은 ‘새로운 경험’을 통해 자기 과목에 대한 새로운 측면, 학생의 관점, 동료의 전문성, 그리고 협업을 가치 있는 것으로 성찰하였다. 3) 또한, 융복합교육의 절대적 필요성을 인식하고 교사 전문성 신장과 연구자 자세 함양을 되새기며 향후 융복합교육을 실천하겠다고 진술하였다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 현장의 교육 개선을 위해 교사의 재량권 보장과 행정적 지원이 필요함과 융복합교육과 관련하여 (예비)교사교육의 체계적이고 실증적인 개선이 필요함을 시사한다. To explore the implementability of, and the teacher expertise in “Yungbokhap education”, which embraces “consilient”, “convergent”, “integrative”, and “interdisciplinary” approaches to curricular integration, this case study analyzed a self-motivated project for pre-service teachers that was initiated as part of a practicum by a middle-school teacher who supervised the practicum. In the project, the pre-service teachers formed five groups and collaborated to create five integrative instructional unit plans based on Yungbokhap education. Their products positively impressed the school principal, mentor teachers, and other experts. They wrapped up their projects by answering reflective questions. This study analyzed their instructional unit designs and reflections qualitatively, in light of the instruction design framework of Yungbokhap education. The results show that the unit plans sufficiently reflect the goals, approaches and contexts of Yungbokhap education with appropriate creativity and variety, and tightly connect lesson themes, contents and activities, except for the fact that they could have further promoted the competency for autonomous action and expanded the context from an individual context to a local/global one employing more varied activities. According to their reflective responses, 1) they seem to characterize Yungbokhap education with features like “inter-subject connectivity”, “contextualization” and “learner-centeredness”, 2) their novel experiences in the lesson planning have led them to discover fresh values in their own subjects, students’ perspectives, peers’ expertises, and fruitful collaboration, and 3) their realization of the necessity of Yungbokhap education has positively challenged them to be more firmly oriented towards professional development and teacher-researcher attitude. These results imply that for autonomous and creative improvement of education, in-service teachers’ initiatives should be carefully respected and administratively supported, and that teacher preparation courses should provide pre-service teachers with more empirical chances to deal with curriculum integration.

간내 간충병에 대한 간절제술 1예

심민철,김홍진,권광보,노성균,이헌주,이태숙,장재천 영남대학교 의과대학 1990 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.7 No.1

영남대학교 의과대학 외과학교실에서는 1989년 11월에 한국에서 발병한 간흡충병의 여섯 번째 증례로, 특히 간내 담관에 발생한 첫 증례를 우측 간엽 절제술 및 담낭 적출술로 좋은 결과를 얻었으며, 간내 담관에 발생한 경우에는 간암과의 구별이 요구되어야 한다는 점을 상기 시키면서 증례보고와 더불어 문헌적 고찰을 하였다. Human Fasciola hepatica infection is a rare entity involving infestation of the liver and biliary tree with adult flukes, which can result in hepatitis, cirrhos is and biliary tract inflammation, obstruction and lithiasis. The patient had the typical diagnostic tetrad of fever, eosinophilic leukocytos is, tender hepatomegaly and fluke ova in the stools. Theatment consistes of Emetine hydrochloride administration for hepatic involvement and common bile duct exploration for removal of flukes, with cholecystectomy for associated cholelithiasis. The combination of medical and surgical therapy cal be expected to produce an arrest of this infection. The removed liver revealed eggs of the fasciols species in the intrahepatic bile duct. The clinical history, pathological findings and treatment of this case were described.

多段階 在庫시스템에서의 最適 安全在庫 模型

沈宰弘,南相進,金正子 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1995 硏究報告 Vol.19 No.1

This research proposed a model for the determination of optimal safety stock for multi-echelon inventory system. The criterion is to minimize expected anaual total cost safety stock of system under service level constraint. The results of numerical examples for three-echelon inventory system are analized and compared with Salameh and Schmidt's model. The heuristic method is presented to find an optimal-tending solution for total variable system cost per year. The numerical examples are illustrated for verification and validation purposes.

Preloading과 Sand drain에 의한 軟弱地盤 改良에 關한 考察

沈泰燮,安鍾弼,柳在珍 조선대학교 국토개발연구소 1987 국토개발연구 Vol.7 No.1

The Most Effective soil Improvement Method for Homogeneous thick clay stratum is preloading Method with sand drain. Selecting four subsoil strata, It has been Analyzed and measured for soil parameters, Subsoil characteristics. Predicted value and obserbed value in field was both used for the calculation's Analysis of this study, Consolidation degree-Time curve, field Settlement-Predicted Settlement, Secondary Settlement by Surcharging Loading It was found that preloading method with sand drain's a highly effective soil Imp개rement Technique through Investigation of time reducing Quantity Calculation and Soil characteristics change Quantity. The Research for this sector should be proceed more and more.

농업용수 수질기준의 문제점 및 개선대책 : 외국사례와의 비교를 통해

김진호,이종식,정구복,윤순강,고문환,심재천,권순국 한국국제농업개발학회 2003 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.3

우리나라 농업용수 수질기준과 다른 국가 또는 농업관련 국제기구의 수질기준에 대한 비교분석을 통해 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준의 문제점 도출과 해결방안을 모색코자 본 연구를 수행하게 되었으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준은 관개용수 수질기준이 아니고, 수원보호측면의 수질기준이라 할 수 있다. 2. 우리나라 수질기준중 유기물지표가 하천과 호소에 따라 BOD와 COD로 이원화되어 있고, 특히 COD의 경우 산화제로 KMnO4를 사용함으로써 효과적인 유기물지표로 활용할 수 없는 실정이다. 농업용수로의 활용측면에서는 K₂Cr₂O_(7)을 이용한 COD를 기준으로 도입하는 것이 유기물 분해능 및 수중의 유기물지표로 활용하고 있는 국제적 데이터 일치를 위해서도 타당하다. 3. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준은 캐나다와 FAO에서 제시하고 있는 염류에 대한 기준은 거의 없는 실정이다. 또한 양이온에 대한 기준도 없다. 염류의 기준이 모든 이온 존재의 가능성을 의미하므로, 실험치 및 외국문헌에 의한 1.0dS/m수준을 한계농도로 선정해야 한다. 4. FAO와 캐나다에서 사용하고 있는 축산용수에 대한 수질기준이 없다. 5. 관개용 농업용수가 농업(작물)에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 평가하기 위해서는 수원별로 수질기준이 다른 것이 큰 모순이다. 따라서 관계부처에서는 부처간의 이해를 떠난 수질기준을 설정해야 한다. 6. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준의 모순점을 극복하기 위해서는 농업의 안전성확보측면 위해 관개용수 수질기준과 축산용수 수질기준을 조속히 제정해야 할 것이다. Present problems and possible solutions on the Water Quality Standards for Agriculture in Korea, were identified in the study. Because the Ministry of Environment made the laws and standards without consulting the agri-scientists, among others, the water quality standards formulated were not suitable standards of FAO, Japan, Canada, and the likes. The BOD and COD are the organic materials indicators. In case of rivers, BOD are set for the indicator. And at reservoirs. COD are set. Especially. COD was analysed using KMnO₄It is not suitable oxidizing agent for COD. Because the oxidic capacity is very low. So, in most developed country, K₂Cr₂O_(7) is usually used to analyze COD. And the salts and cations are not belonged to the Korean Water Quality Standards for Agriculture. The water quality standards for agriculture have big differences among lakes, rivers and groundwater. To apply different standards by resources to evaluate the relationship between water and crops is conflicting. So, to overcome the these problems, the suitable water quality standards for irrigation and livestock should be set.

진행성 위암과 동반된 후복막 섬유화증 7예의 임상적 고찰

장재영,천영국,최우봉,김진오,조주영,이준성,이문성,심찬섭 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Background/Aims: Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a fibrosing disease process which frequently develops ureteral obstruction. Malignant retroperitoneal fibrosis has been reported that various types of cancer including cancer of the breast, stomach, prostate, lung, cervix, uteri, colon, pancreas, ovary, and even Hodgkin's disease. While the pathogenesis remains obscure, small foci of metastatic neoplasm in the retroperitoneal space can elicit a desmoplastic reaction in secondary form to malignancy. Methods: Recently we experienced 7 cases of retroperitoneal fibrosis with advanced gastric cancer. So, we report 7 cases of retroperitoneal fibrosis with clinical and radiologic characteristics. Results: The most common signs and symptoms were related irreversible renal dysfunction. The urologic finding noted medial deviation of the involved ureters and hydronephrosis Conclusions: Clinical manifestations are abdominal pain, back pain, hydronephrosis, and uremia. When sudden back pain and hydronephrosis develop in advanced malignancy, physicians should be considerd for retroperitoneal fibrosis.

시판 감귤과즙음료의 품질특성에 관한연구

최진영,심재형,이택수 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1991 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.2 No.-

시판 감귤과즙음료의 품질 특성을 규명할 목적으로 유기산, 유리당, 색도, 미생물 수 등을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 비타민 C는 13.77-41.91mg%로서 강화제로 비타민 C의 첨가에 의해 희석과즙음료와 천연과즙음료 간에는 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 2. pH는 2.74-3.78로 나타났으나 희석과즙음료가 낮았고, 총산은 희석과즙음료가 0.43-0.45%, 과즙음료가 0.57-0.64%, 천연과즙음료가 현저히 높았다. 3. 유기산은 citric acid 0.26-0.80%, malic acid 0.014-0.39%, succinic acid 0.010-0.185%, tartaric acid 0-0.069%로 어느 과즙음료나 citric acid의 함량이 많은 비율을 차지하였다. 주 유기산인 구연산의 함량이 천연과즙 0.54-0.80%, 과즙음료 0.37-0.40%, 희석과즙음료 0.26-0.28%로서 천연과즙이 현저히 높았다. 4. 환원당은 5.41-11.83%, 총당은 7.65-13.76%로 나타났고, 이를 당은 천연과즙음료보다 희석과즙이나 과즙음료가 대체로 높은 경향을 보였다. 5. 유리당은 fructose 1.90-7.92%, glucose 1.86-4.74%, sucrose 0.45-3.35%로 희석과즙이나 과즙음료는 이성화당의 첨가로 fructose가 가장 많고 sucrose가 미량이었으나 천연과즙은 sucrose가 희석이나 과즙음료보다 함량이 높았다. 6. 아미노테질소는 천연과즙음료가 42.92-53.75mg%, 과즙음료가 11.36-18.09mg%, 희석과즙음료가 2.0-2.8mb%로 천연과즙이 높아 감칠맛이 좋은 것으로 고려된다. 7. 색도는 명도(L)와 황색을 나타내는 b값은 천연과즙음료가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 8. 무기성분은 K가 13.33-199.34mg%으로 가장 많이 함유되었고, 그 다음 Na, Ca, Mg 순으로 많았으나 시험구간에는 차이가 거의 없는 편이었다. 9. 미생물수는 효모는 과즙음료와 천연과즙음료의 일부에서, 내산성 세균은 일부의 희석과즙음료에서 검출되었으며, 총 세균수와 곰팡이는 거의 모든 시료에서 각각 나타났다. 그러나 대부분의 시험구에서 이들 미생물 수는 10/ml개 정도였다. Commercial orange juices were analyzed to elucidate the composition of organic acid, tree sugar, color and microorganism count. There was no sigfinicant difference of the content of vitamin C between the diluted orange juice to be added vitamin C and natural orange juice. The pH of all the tested samples was in the range of 2.74-3.78. Total acid of natural juice shows the highest level among all samples. Citric acid shows the highest level among the organic acids. Among the samples, the citric acid content of natural juice was showed the highest level at 0.54-0.80% rather than the that of 50% orange juice and 10% orange juice was 0.37-0.40% and 0.26-0.28%, respectively. The content of malic acid, succinic acid and tartaric acid was 0.014-0.39%, 0.01-0.19% and 0-0.069%, respectively. The content of reducing sugar was 5.41-11.83% and the content of total sugar was 7.65-13.76% for all samples. Those sugar content of natural juice were showed higher than those of 50% orange juice and 10% diluted juice. Among the free sugar, the content of fructose, glucose and sucrose was 1.90-7.92%, 1.86-4.74% and 0.45-3.35%, respectively. In the case fo the diluted orange juices, the content of fructose was high, but the content of sugar was extreemly low. It may be resulted from the extra addition of fructose syrup. The sucrose of natural juice was higher than that of the diluted juice. The amount of amino nitrogen for natural juice was 42.92-53.75mg%, and it shows higher level than that of amino nitrogen of 50% diluted and 10% diluted orange juice. The increased amount of amino nitrogen for natural juice seemed to provide good taste. Natural juice shows higher value of lightness(L) and yellow color(b) than diluted juice. The concentration of potassium was the highest level among the mineral content. The concentration of sodium, calcium and magnesium relatively high, but there was no difference among the tested groups. Yeast was detected at the natural juice and 50% diluted juice. Acid tolerant bacteria was only detected at the 10% diluted juice. Total aerobic bacteria and mold was also detected at the all samples. The microorganism count was around 10 per ml for all samples.

Isoproterenol이 마우스 심근조직에 미치는 영향

최재화,김호덕,심태섭,라봉진 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1985 中央醫大誌 Vol.10 No.1

For the study, forty-six normal adult ICR mice were sacrificed. Extraction of the hearts was performed under ether anesthesia after two consecutive subcutaneous injections of isoproterenol hydrochloride (1-/3', 4'-dihydroxyphenyl/-2-isopropylaminoethanol HCI). The administered doses of isoproterenol to each group of the mice were 20mg, 35mg, 50mg, 80mg, 100mg, 150mg, and 200mg per kilogram of body weight respectively, After extraction, the wet weight of each of the hearts was measured. Five μm-thick paraffin sections of the heart tissue fixed with alcohol-formalin were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for routine study, with van Gieson's method for collagen, and with von Kossa's method for histochemical study of calcium salt. Stained sections were examined under light microscope. The results were as follows: 1. All of the mice treated with isoproterenol showed myocardial necrosis-like lesions. These lesions spread from subendocardial area to entire myocardium in accordance with the increase of dose of isoproterenol and the prevalence rate of myocardial necrosis by isoproterenol administration was higher in the left ventricle than in the right ventricle. 2. The most typical histopathologic findings of myocardial necrosis were observed in the mice treated with 80mg of isoproterenol per kilogram of body weight. 3. The mice treated with 100mg, 150mg, and 200mg of isoproterenol per kilogram of body weight showed the death rate of 50%, 83%, and 100% respectively after the first administration. 4. All of the mice treated with isoproterenol showed calcium deposits in the myocardium. 5. The ratio of the wet weight of heart to the body weight increased in the mice treated with isoproterenol in comparison with the control mice.