흰쥐에 對한 Phosphamidon 및 Endosulfan의 亞急性毒性에 關한 硏究

申鎭燮,崔承允,李昌業,崔仁厚 서울大學校 農科大學 1984 서울대농학연구지 Vol.9 No.2

Subacute toxicity tests of phosphamidon and endosulfan were carried out to examine the adverse effects resulting from repeated daily oral administration of low dose levels (1, 2 and 5 mg/kg/day) to rats for 28 days. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Rats showed clinical signs of salivation hyperactivity, ataxia at 2mg/kg/day dosage of phosphamidon and, in addition, lachrymation, tremor, exophthalmus and diarrhea at the highest level. On the other hand, endosulfan caused only hyperactivity in rats treated with the highest dosage. There was no mortality at any dosage of either pesticide. 2. Rats gained significantly lower body weight, when treated at the 5mg/kg/day dose levels of phosphamidon and endosulfan, in comparison to normal, nontreated rats. 3. Plasma cholinesterase activity was significantly depressed at all levels of phosphamidon during the administration period, but returned to normal within 2 weeks after the last administration. Endosulfan did not change plasma cholinesterase activity at any levels. 4. Leukopenia was detected only in rats treated with phosphamidon at 5mg/kg/day level. No other adverse changes in hematology were observed in rats treated either with phosphamidon at lower levels or with endosulfan at any levels. 5. Cloudy swelling of liver was the only histological change in rats treated with phosphamidon or endosulfan at the highest level. No other histopathological change in rats treated with phosphamidon or endosulfan at the highest level. No other histopathological symptoms were found in spleen, heart, kidney, and bone marrow of rats treated. 6. It may be concluded from the results above that the "no effect level" is 1 mg/kg/day and 2 mg/kg/day for phosphamidon and endosulfan, respectively.

Chinchilla 달팽이핵에서 calbindin D-28ka 양성세포에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

장인엽,윤상필,정윤영,정종중,문정석,허영,모근석,김흥중 대한해부학회 1997 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.30 No.5

Overview of recent progress in 3D field physics in KSTAR

Park Gunyoung,In Yongkyoon,Park Jong-Kyu,Ko Won-Ha,Lee Jaehyun,Kim Minwoo,Shin Giwook,Hahn Sang-Hee,Kim SangKyeun,Yang Seong Moo,Hu Qiming,Rhee Tongnyeol,Choi Minjun J.,Kim Kimin,Lee Hyung-Ho,Jeon You 한국물리학회 2022 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.80 No.8

Various 3D field physics challenges of magnetically confined plasmas arise when the driving source comes from either externally applied non-axisymmetric 3D magnetic perturbations or plasma instabilities inside the plasma. Recently, several key outstanding topics of 3D field physics have been extensively studied in the Korean Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR), such as edge-localized-mode (ELM) control by resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP), error field (EF) control, 3D field effects on rotation and transport, and RMP-induced alteration of divertor heat flux and detachment. KSTAR has a few physically unique features (i.e., high rotation and long-pulse plasmas with a low intrinsic EF) and machine/diagnostic capabilities (i.e., 3-row in-vessel control coil and state-of-the-art 2D/3D imaging diagnostics), which have been taken advantage of until now to address critical 3D field physics issues relevant to ITER and K-DEMO. Among many remarkable achievements are the robust access to and control of n = 1 RMP ELM suppression, along with a development of its physics basis tools, parameter expansion, optimization, and long-pulse control techniques. Nonetheless, a series of unresolved 3D physics themes, as well as limited coverage of 3D field operating regimes, have also been identified as future works for the 3D field research in KSTAR. In this paper, we provide an overview about the recent progress of KSTAR 3D field physics and present future plans of KSTAR 3D research toward a future fusion reactor.

사범대학 국어교육학과 교육과정 모형 개발을 위한 기초 연구

백인수,강희숙 조선대학교 사범대학 부설 교과교육연구소 1999 敎科敎育硏究 Vol.2 No.1

한국인 얼굴 연조직의 두께

김창헌,허경석,김희진,강민규,정인혁 大韓法醫學會 1999 대한법의학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Lipoxygenase 결핍콩으로 제조한 된장의 품질 특성 및 항산화 활성

이수정(Soo-Jung Lee),김인성(In-Sung Kim),호문사(Wen-Si Hu),하은선(Eun-Seon Ha),정종일(Jong-Il Chung),성낙주(Nak-Ju Sung) 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.45 No.1

LOX 결핍콩(진양, 05C4 및 LS)의 가공적성을 평가하기 위하여 재래 된장을 제조하여 일반 콩(태광) 된장과 품질 특성 및 항산화 활성을 비교하였다. 된장에서 수분과 조단백질 함량은 LS 된장이 유의적으로 높았으며, 조지방 함량은 7.92~8.22%로 콩 품종에 따른 유의차가 없었다. 탄수화물함량은 LS 된장이 가장 낮았다. 된장의 환원당은 태광 된장에 비해 진양 된장이 유의적으로 높았다. 아미노태 질소 함량은 태광 된장에 비해 3종의 LOX 결핍콩 된장에서 유의적으로 높았다. 된장의 색깔은 태광 된장에 비해 05C4 및 LS된장은 차이가 없었으며, 진양 된장은 두드러진 색차를 보였다. 된장의 구수한 맛은 태광 된장이 다소 높았으며, 짠맛은 LOX 결핍콩 된장이 다소 높게 평가되었다. 향미는 LS 된장이 가장 강한 것으로 인지되었다. 전반적인 기호도는 시료간에 차이가 미미하였다. 총 아미노산 함량은 태광 된장에 비해 진양 및 05C4 된장에서 다소 높았으며, 필수 아미노산은 태광 된장에 비해 3종의 LOX 결핍콩 된장이 높게 정량되었다. 이소플라본의 총량은 태광 된장(374.79 μg/g)에 비해 3종의 LOX 결핍콩 된장(522.16~684.46 μg/g)에서 유의적으로 높았다. 총 페놀 함량은 태광 된장에 비해 05C4 및 LS 된장이 유의적으로 높았으며, 플라보노이드 함량은 LS 된장만 태광 된장에 비해 유의적으로 높았다. DPPH 라디칼소거 활성과 FRAP법에 의한 환원력은 진양 된장이 우수하였으나 ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성은 LOX 결핍콩 된장이 태광된장에 비해 유의적으로 높았다. LOX 결핍콩으로 제조한 된장은 아미노산과 이소플라본의 함량 및 항산화 활성 측면에서 된장 가공적성에 적합한 것으로 판단된다. To evaluate processing suitability of lipoxygenase (LOX)-free genotype soybeans (Jinyang, 05C4 and LS), quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of their Doenjang products were compared to those of Doenjang made from Taekwang soybean (LOX-present) as the control. Moisture and crude protein contents of Doenjang were significantly higher in LS than the control. Crude lipid content was not significantly different and was in the range of 7.92∼8.22% in all samples. Carbohydrate content was significantly lower in LS than Taekwang. Content of reducing sugar in Doenjang was significantly higher in Jinyang than Taekwang. Contents of amino-type nitrogen were significantly higher in LOX-free cultivars than Taekwang. Colors of 05C4 and LS Doenjang were not different compared to that of Taekwang, whereas Jinyang Doenjang showed a noticeable color difference. Taekwang Doenjang had a slightly stronger savory taste than another sample. LOX-free cultivars had a strong salty taste. Flavor was the strongest in LS, whereas overall acceptability showed little difference among all samples. The total amino acid content was slightly higher in Jinyang and 05C4 than Taekwang, and content of essential amino acids was higher in Doenjang from LOX-free cultivars than Taekwang. Isoflavon content was significantly higher in Doenjang (522.16∼684.46 μg/g) made from LOX-free cultivars than in Taekwang (374.79 μg/g). Total phenol content was significantly higher in 05C4 and LS, and flavonoid content was significantly higher in LS than Taekwang. Antioxidant activities were highest in Jinyang based on DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power. ABTS radical scavenging activity was significantly higher in Doenjang made from LOX-free cultivars than Taekwang. These results suggest that Doenjang from LOX-free cultivars could have a suitable genotype for Doenjang processing since it is more effective in terms of amino acids, isoflavone contents, and antioxidant activity.

Analysis of Distributed Computational Loads in Large-scale AC/DC Power System using Real-Time EMT Simulation

박인권,이종후,이장,구현근,권용한,In Kwon, Park,Yi, Zhong Hu,Yi, Zhang,Hyun Keun, Ku,Yong Han, Kwon Korea Electric Power Corporation 2022 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.8 No.2

Often a network becomes complex, and multiple entities would get in charge of managing part of the whole network. An example is a utility grid. While the entire grid would go under a single utility company's responsibility, the network is often split into multiple subsections. Subsequently, each subsection would be given as the responsibility area to the corresponding sub-organization in the utility company. The issue of how to make subsystems of adequate size and minimum number of interconnections between subsystems becomes more critical, especially in real-time simulations. Because the computation capability limit of a single computation unit, regardless of whether it is a high-speed conventional CPU core or an FPGA computational engine, it comes with a maximum limit that can be completed within a given amount of execution time. The issue becomes worsened in real time simulation, in which the computation needs to be in precise synchronization with the real-world clock. When the subject of the computation allows for a longer execution time, i.e., a larger time step size, a larger portion of the network can be put on a computation unit. This translates into a larger margin of the difference between the worst and the best. In other words, even though the worst (or the largest) computational burden is orders of magnitude larger than the best (or the smallest) computational burden, all the necessary computation can still be completed within the given amount of time. However, the requirement of real-time makes the margin much smaller. In other words, the difference between the worst and the best should be as small as possible in order to ensure the even distribution of the computational load. Besides, data exchange/communication is essential in parallel computation, affecting the overall performance. However, the exchange of data takes time. Therefore, the corresponding consideration needs to be with the computational load distribution among multiple calculation units. If it turns out in a satisfactory way, such distribution will raise the possibility of completing the necessary computation in a given amount of time, which might come down in the level of microsecond order. This paper presents an effective way to split a given electrical network, according to multiple criteria, for the purpose of distributing the entire computational load into a set of even (or close to even) sized computational loads. Based on the proposed system splitting method, heavy computation burdens of large-scale electrical networks can be distributed to multiple calculation units, such as an RTDS real time simulator, achieving either more efficient usage of the calculation units, a reduction of the necessary size of the simulation time step, or both.

토양 환경 조건이 파 흑색썩음균핵병 발생에 미치는 영향

김용범(Yong-Bum Kim),최인후(In-Hu Choi),김철우(Cheol-Woo Kim),방진기(Jin-Ki Bang),김용기(Yong-Gi Kim) 한국원예학회 2009 원예과학기술지 Vol.27 No.2

본 연구는 우리나라 서남부지방의 파 주산지에서 문제되고 있는 파 흑색썩음균핵병의 효과적인 방제를 위하여 병원균의 생리ㆍ생태를 구명코자 수행하였다. 흑색썩음균핵병 발아시기는 평균온도가 25℃ 최저온도 20℃ 내외인 8월 하순부터 토양온도가 20℃ 미만으로 떨어지는 9월 하순으로 판단되었고, 파 재배 주산지의 흑색썩음균핵병 최초 발병시기는 10월 하순이고, 11월 상순부터 익년 3월까지 점차 발병이 증가되었다. 사질토양 지역인 신안 임자도에서는 12월 이전에 흑색썩음균핵병이 발병되었으며 다른 주산지에서는 발병이 없었다. 또한 발병포장의 토양수분함량에 따른 발병률과의 관계를 조사한 결과 논 재배에서는 발병이 거의 없는 것으로 알려져 있으나, 본 실험이 수행되었던 시험포장은 사질 토양으로 자연강우나 스프링클러를 이용한 관수가 발병억제에 효과가 적은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 피해주는 지상부의 엽 고사 정도가 높아 초장이 짧게 나타났고, 지하부 또한 건전주에 비해 뿌리 고사율이 47% 정도 높았다. 수확 후 토양 내 균핵의 분포를 조사한 결과 수직방향은 지표 10㎝ 이내에 97%, 수평방향은 기주로 부터 20㎝ 이내에 86%의 균핵이 분포한 것으로 나타났다. 흑색썩음균핵병 이병잔존물을 투입한 포장에서는 당년에 사양토사질토는 100%의 이병률을 보였고, 양토는 80%의 이병률을 보였으며, 다음해에는 57.6-78.7%로 이병률이 다소 감소되었으나 이병식물체의 재투입으로 인한 발병률은 높게 나타났다. This study was conducted to establish the effective strategy to control white rot (Sclerotium cepivorum) of welsh onion in the main cultivation region at the southwestern part of the Korean peninsula, from 2003 to 2005. White rot was affected by environment factors such as temperature and relative humidity. White rot pathogen germinated and grew from the end of August in the low soil temperature (20℃) and at average temperature of 25℃ to the middle of September dropping the soil temperature below 20℃. Generation of white rot in welsh onion fields increasing infection area began from the late of October and widely spread from the early September to the early May of the following year. White rot in welsh onion fields increasing infection area began from the late October and widely spread from the early September to the early May in the following year. The Imjado with sandy soil area occurred in white rot before December, but other regions were not infected throughout the whole cultivation period. On the correlation of water content with disease infection, either rain or irrigation with sprinkler to welsh onion fields of dry condition was not effective, but in the rice fields the correlation were nearly not affected. Infected plants were short plant height caused by dried leaves, and 47% of the roots in the root stem were dead. After harvesting, the sclerotia of white rot pathogen was remained at 86% within 20 ㎝ depth from the host plants of soil in infected plants and at 97% within 10 ㎝ from vertical directions. Infected plants with the sclerotia to put in welsh onion farm that infected at 100% in sandy soil; the others were 80% in loam soil. However, the infected rate decreased to 57.6~78.7% in the following year. The high infected rate was caused by the remaining of the onion waste in the field after harvesting.

Evaluation for the Safety of Bee Venom in ICR Mice

Hu Jang Lee, Chun-Nam Cha, Yeo-Eun Lee, In-Jin Kang, Suk Kim 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.1

This study was conducted in order to examine the safety of bee venom as an alternative for antibiotics using male ICR mice. Five-week-old male mice received a single intravenous injection of a dried honey bee venom at the concentration of 0.25 mg/kg (a clinical dose) or 0.5 mg/kg through the tail vein and various pathophysiological analyses were performed after three days. No significant differences in changes of body weight were observed between the saline-treated control group and the experimental groups. In the hematological analysis, none of the parameters were affected by bee venom. In blood biochemistry analysis, none of the markers were affected by administration of bee venom. Similarly, there were no significant effects on markers for liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle functions in all treated- groups. On macroscopic examination, no remarkable lesions were detected in these organs. Because there were no adverse effects of the bee venom in a single intravenous toxicity test for three days, it was concluded that bee venom could be a candidate for a safe natural antibiotic for use in the animal production industry.

양파 정식시기별 서릿발 피해 방지 및 피해주 재이식 효과

권영석(Young-Seok Kwon),최인후(In-Hu Choi),김철우(Cheol-Woo Kim),최민선(Min-Seon Choi),곽정호(Jung-Ho Kwak),임용표(Yong-Pyo Lim) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2015 농업과학연구 Vol.42 No.4

In the year 2013, onions cultivation in Jeonnam province suffered by frost-pillar damage. To reveal the aspects of the cause and outbreak, we surveyed those damaged areas. Usually the frost-pillar damage occurred in February. But the outbreak aspect is so unforeseeable. In 2013, the damage was shown as 10.6% in onion fields including paddy fields, but no damage was noticed in 2014. The damage was noticed as 77.8% in paddy fields and 30.1% in upland. And, by the difference of the onion transplanting date, it occurred as 0.7% by the middle of November to the early of November, 22% by the middle of November and 69.0% by the early of December. If one performed the supplementary planting at 3<SUP>rd</SUP> week of February, the highest survival percent was observed as 53.3%. If the date is early, another frost-pillar damage was occurred. If it’s late, the damaged plant was perished with dry. In any case, we found improper transplanting caused the yield decrease. Therefore, we recommend the timely transplanting is the most important way for the prevention of frost-pillar damage in the onion cultivation.