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민병무,김용백,박근성,송규상,양준묵,이성복,조항진,길숙종,김승영,김학용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1
An improved retinal tack can be used to fix the retina in complicated retinal detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy. We used the retinal tack made by biodegradable polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid and copolymers. The tacks with polyglycolic acid were placed in the retina the right eyes of 10 rabbits as group 1, with polylactic-polyglycolic acid copolymers as group 2 in each left eyes. We examined the absorption rates and degree of intraocular inflammation at 1 day, 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks and compared both eyes. The tacks were absorbed with time in both eyes, but more rapid in copolymers. And there was no inflammation in both eyes. Now, this study will be a base on the drug delivery system in intraocular pharmacological and surgical management.
생체분해성 고분자를 이용한 사시수술용 제형개발 및 효용성에 대한 연구
민병무,김용백,김승영,김창식,박근성,길숙종,조항진,이성복,노승무,송규상,강대영,조준식,양준묵,정경수,최선웅,이진호,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1
A new device, muscle clamping system was developed to facilitate exact quatifying technique A strabismus surgery, and reduce the risk of complications. The device is composed of a lower fixing body with three jaws and an upper supporting body. They are used to clip an extraocular muscle and fix it to the sclera with a single bite. Superior rectus recession on 16 rabbit eyes were performed with this new device. Conjunctival injection, muscle adhesion strength, and light microscopic findings were examined at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively. The Conjunctival injection were minimal, adhesion power ranged from 420 to 600 gram gravity, which is sufficient in withstand the normal pull of human extraocular muscle. In microscopic exam, some Inflammatory cells and fibrosis were found. The new device was technically easy, fast, and accurate, so it may be useful in stabismus surgery.
생체분해성 망막압정을 이용한 망막고정에 대한 실험적 연구
김용백,민병무,김창식,박근성,김승영,길숙종,조항진,이성복,노승무,송규상,강대영,조준식,양준묵,정경수,최선웅,이진호,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1
Biodegradable retinal fixation devices obtain mechnical fixation of the retina with desirable chorioretinal scarring and with the potential for local, sustained release of antimetabolites and steroids to inhibit proliferative vitreoretinopathy. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack with barb that was designed in order to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. This study was carried to evaluate the efficacy for retinal fixation and the capability for sustained release of drugs with a newly designed biodegradable retinal tack Biodegradable retinal tacks were made of polymers of glycolic acids and were designed with barbs in a shape to prevent the disinsertion. Biodegradale retinal tacks are divided into 3 parts, a conical portion that is inserted into the sclera, a cylinder portion that remains in the vitreous, and a neck portion between the pin and the cylinder. The tapered conical end was manufactured to allow easy insertion through the retina and choroid into the sclera. A cylinder portion was manufactured with a tapered angle that fixes firmly into the orifice of 19 gauge spinal needle. A neck portion, 0.4 mm in diameter, was designed to prevent disinsertion from following implantation of retinal tack. The applicator was a 19 gauge spinal needle and its orifice was prepared to 15°angle to accept the tapered cylinder portion of the retinal tack. The retinal tacks, secured in the needles, were passed through the formed vitreous and inserted into the retina, choroid, and sclera and were released by pushing the internal needle, usually within 2-3mm of the medullary ray of the posterior rabbit retina A retinal tack was placed in each of 8 pigmented rabbit eyes. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography were performed periodically from 1 day to 8 weeks after surgery. Eight eyes were enucleated and studied by light microscopy at 8 weeks. Biomicroscopic evaluation of the animals revealed edemas adjacent to the retinal surfaces immediately after insertion of the biodegradable retinal tacks in all the animals. These edemas disappeared after 1 week. The first noticeable change in the size of retinal tacks was shown after 2weeks. The size of the retinal tacks gradually got smaller, decreasing to about one-half at 4 weeks and about one-third at 8 weeks. All retinal tacks remained in inserted places without any movement for an 8 week period. On light microscopy, epiretinal proliferations were seen to extend into the vitreous cavity. Cellular capsules that lined the inner aspect of the scleral defect caused by tack insertion were found. However the adjacent retina had a normal cytologic appearance and architecture in all specimens. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack that is designed to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. All biodegradable retinal tacks reduce in size with time, but no retinal tacks extruded from the inserted place. The newly designed biodegradable retinal tack can be used for retinal fixation and may be used as a vehicle for the introduction of pharmacologic agents to prevent the cellular events that promote proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
Cadmium Inhibition of Renal Endosomal Acidification
Moo Seong Kim,Kyoung Ryong Kim,Do Whan Ahn,Yang Saeng Park 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2000 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.4 No.1
<P> Chronic exposure to cadmium (Cd) results in an inhibition of protein endocytosis in the renal proximal tubule, leading to proteinuria. In order to gain insight into the mechanism by which Cd impairs the protein endocytosis, we investigated the effect of Cd on the acidification of renal cortical endocytotic vesicles (endosomes). The endosomal acidification was assessed by measuring the pH gradient-dependent fluorescence change, using acridine orange or FITC-dextran as a probe. In renal endosomes isolated from Cd-intoxicated rats, the V<SUB>max</SUB> of ATP-driven fluorescence quenching (H<SUP></SUP>-ATPase dependent intravesicular acidification) was significantly attenuated with no substantial changes in the apparent K<SUB>m</SUB>, indicating that the capacity of acidification was reduced. When endosomes from normal animals were directly exposed to free Cd <I>in vitro</I>, the V<SUB>max </SUB>was slightly reduced, whereas the K<SUB>m</SUB> was markedly increased, implying that the biochemical property of the H<SUP></SUP>-ATPase was altered by Cd. In endosomes exposed to free Cd <I>in vitro</I>, the rate of dissipation of the transmembrane pH gradient after H<SUP></SUP>-ATPase inhibition appeared to be significantly faster compared to that in normal endosomes, indicating that the H<SUP></SUP>-conductance of the membrane was increased by Cd. These results suggest that in long-term Cd-exposed animals, free Cd ions liberated in the proximal tubular cytoplasm by lysosomal degradation of cadmium-metallothionein complex (CdMT) may impair endosomal acidification 1) by reducing the H<SUP></SUP>-ATPase density in the endosomal membrane, 2) by suppressing the intrinsic H<SUP></SUP>-ATPase activity, and 3) possibly by increasing the membrane conductance to H<SUP></SUP> ion. Such effects of Cd could be responsible for the alterations of proximal tubular endocytotic activities, protein reabsorption and various transporter distributions observed in Cd-exposed cells and animals.
Kang, Moo Rim,Lee, Kiho,Kang, Jong Soon,Lee, Chang Woo,Lee, Ki Hoon,Kim, Jang Hyun,Yang, Jeong Wook,Kim, Bo Geun,Han, Gyoonhee,Kang, Jong Seong,Park, Song-Kyu,Kim, Hwan Mook National Hellenic Research Foundation 2010 Oncology Reports Vol.23 No.3
<P>Multidrug resistance mediated by the drug efflux protein, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), is one of the principal mechanisms by which tumor cells escape the cell death induced by chemotherapeutic agents. In our previous study, we demonstrated that KBH-A42 [N-hydroxy-3-(2-oxo-1-(3-phenylpropyl)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-3-yl)propanamide], a synthetic histone deacetylase inhibitor, effectively inhibited the growth of several human cancer cell lines. In this study, we attempted to determine whether KBH-A42 was also capable of inhibiting the growth of multidrug-resistant cells. Doxorubicin dose-dependently inhibited the growth of P-gp-negative K562 human leukemia cells, but did not show substantial inhibition on the growth of P-gp-positive K562/ADR cells even at 10 microM, the highest concentration of KBH-A42 used, which increased the acetylation of histones in these leukemia cells, dose-dependently and effectively inhibited the cell growth, regardless of the presence of P-gp in the cells. KBH-A42 mediated G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, probably as the result of the down-regulation of CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6 and the up-regulation of p21WAF1. When the expression of p21WAF1 was ablated by a specific siRNA, the inhibition of cell growth by KBH-A42 was partly reduced in both cell lines. In addition to the cell cycle arrest, KBH-A42 also induced apoptosis in these cells, which was accompanied by the activation of caspases, including caspase-9, caspase-8 and caspase-3. The pan-caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-fmk, partially blocked the cell death induced by KBH-A42. These results indicate that KBH-A42 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via the up-regulation of p21WAF1 and caspase activation, respectively, regardless of the presence of P-gp in the leukemia cells.</P>
김무영(Moo Young Kim),최성호(Seong Ho Choi),김영수(Young Soo Kim),이수걸(Soo Keol Lee),송근암(Geun Am Song),조몽(Mong Cho),양웅석(Ung Suk Yang),문한규(Han Kiu Moon) 대한소화기학회 1994 대한소화기학회지 Vol.26 No.1
Biloma, a newly described entity, was first introduced in 1979 by Gould and Patel to de- scribe extrahepatic loculated collection of bile due to traumatic bile duct rupture. Subsequently, the definition was expanded to include intrahepatic bile collections located outside the bile ducts. Bilomas are caused by iatrogenic, traumatic, or spontaneous rupture of biliary tree. Prior reports have documented an association of biloma with abdominal trauma and abdominal surgery, but spontaneous bile leakage associated with other primary causes has been reported rarely. A 67-year old man was admitted to Pusan National University Hospital with complaint of fever, chills, vague epigastric discomforts and yellowish discoloration of the sclerae. Huge cystic mass was detected by ultrasonography and CT scan and choledocholi- thiasis was detected by ERCP. Biloma was confirmed by sonographic guided percutaneous needle aspiration and drained successfully with pig tail catheter(8.5 French). W e present a case of bilorna associated with choledocholithiasis with review of the literatures. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1994; 26: 206 209)