[제2주차 정규강좌] “포스트 코로나 시대의 포용도시” / “스마트시티와 미래도시 생태계”

박인권,김도년 서울대학교 환경대학원 2021 環境論叢 Vol.68 No.-

사회적 약자 집단별 삶의 만족도 지역 간 격차와 지역 역량 요인: 청년층과 고령층 비교

박인권,정하림,강다은 한국지역개발학회 2023 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.35 No.1

This study aims to examine the current status and changes in the regional disparity in life satisfaction for young and older adults, the most representative socially underprivileged groups in the aging era, and identify regional capability factors that are related to their life satisfaction. For analysis, data from the “Korean Community Health Survey” in 2011 and 2019 was used. The results show that the average life satisfaction of young adults was higher than the whole population’s, but the gap in their life satisfaction between regions increased between 2011 and 2019. Their life satisfaction was higher in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) than in non-SMAs, and higher in rural areas than in large cities and metropolitan cities. On the other hand, the average life satisfaction of older people was lower than the whole population’s, but the gap in their life satisfaction between regions decreased between 2011 and 2019, and their life satisfaction was higher in non-SMAs, metropolitan cities, and large cities. As for the regional capability factors, which are closely related to life satisfaction, the social relationship is confirmed as an important factor for both groups. Also, in the case of young people, the residential environment and basic services have a major influence on life satisfaction, and in the case of older people, it was found that there is a close influence of local health and education levels on life satisfaction. These results suggest the need for customized policies that take into account differences between sub-groups when implementing policies to enhance the life satisfaction of socially underprivileged individuals

공간계획과환경정책의지역차원에서의연계 : 네덜란드의장소특정적계획연계의시사점

박인권 국토연구원 2003 국토연구 Vol.36 No.-

Separation of spatial planning and environmental policy has sometimes led to so-called 'spatial-environmental conflicts' that is discord between the two policies. To solve this problem, the Netherlands has tried to integrate the two through a series of pilot projects since the late 1980s. The integrated area-specific approach to spatial planning and the environment such as ROM projects and the City and Environment project is the result of those efforts. The purpose of this thesis is to get lessons from that approach through estimating the significance and limit of it with respect to applicability to the other situations like Korean reality. The integrated area-specific approach can be estimated to have important meanings such as consensus building approach, the spatial specification of environmental policies, and good applicability to the areas with strong environmental challenge. In spite of this significance, this approach also has risk of failure in consensus building and of the decline of environmental policy. This fact leads to the result that we should go toward integrating spatial planning and environmental policy in the regions just with the precaution.

지역균형발전 관점에서 본 예비타당성조사의 한계와 개선과제

박인권 한국공간환경학회 2013 한국공간환경학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.3

도시 커먼즈 관리의 내재적 모순과 도전들: ‘경의선공유지’ 사례를 중심으로

박인권,김진언,신지연 한국공간환경학회 2019 공간과 사회 Vol.29 No.3

Urban commons movements are being deployed all over the world to resist state control and the privatization and commodification of resources in modern cities and to practice the value of ‘commoning’ as an alternative order. Urban commons exist in the setting of ‘the urban’ and have unique characteristics that differ from the traditional commons in the rural or natural setting. In particular, the ‘urban’ attributes conflict with the conditions of ‘commons’, which is effectively managed, causing inherent contradictions in urban commons management. This study explores the difficulties and challenges that urban commons face due to their inherent nature as a new commons concept, and examines how efforts are made to solve them. For this purpose, we analyze the case of Gyeong-Eui Railway Commons (GRC) in Seoul, Korea, focusing on the inherent contradictions in managing urban commons in terms of the three dimensions of commons, i.e., community, institution and resources. The results show that, from the management’s point of view, the urban attributes and the efficient management conditions for GRC create a state of tension with each other, sometimes conflicted, and sometimes compromised in all three dimensions of community, institution, and resource, putting GRC in an unstable equilibrium. In addition, it can be seen that not only the efforts of the members of the GRC community but also the involvement of civil society are important for new development through maintaining this equilibrium and overcoming inherent contradictions. These findings are expected to help understand and address the root causes of urban commons management problems. 현대 도시에서 일상적으로 진행되는 자원의 사유화와 상품화에 저항하고 국가의 통제에 맞서 대안적 질서로서 ‘공유’의 가치를 실천하기 위한 ‘도시 커먼즈’ 운동이 세계 곳곳에 전개되고 있다. 도시 커먼즈는 ‘도시(the urban)’라는 배경 속에존재하여 농촌이나 자연을 배경으로 하는 전통적 커먼즈와는 다른 독특한 특성을갖는다. 특히 ‘도시’ 속성은 ‘커먼즈’의 효율적 관리 조건과 상충되어 도시 커먼즈관리에 있어서 내재적 모순을 일으킨다. 이 연구는 새로운 커먼즈 개념으로서 도시 커먼즈가 그 자체의 본질적 속성으로 인하여 관리 과정에서 직면하게 되는 어려움과 도전들이 무엇인지를 밝히고, 그 문제 해결을 위한 노력이 어떤 식으로 이루어지는지를 고찰하고자 한다. 이를 위해 우리는 커먼즈의 세 가지 차원인 공동체, 제도, 자원의 측면에서 나타나는 도시 커먼즈 관리의 내재적 모순에 초점을 맞추어, 서울 마포구의 경의선공유지 사례를 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 경의선공유지가 관리의 관점에서 볼 때 공동체, 제도, 자원의 세 차원 모두에서 도시적 속성과커먼즈의 효율적 관리 조건이 긴장관계를 이루어 때로는 갈등하고 때로는 타협하면서 불안정한 균형 상태를 이루고 있음을 보여준다. 또한 이 균형 상태의 유지와 내재적 모순의 극복을 통한 새로운 발전을 위해서는 공동체 구성원의 노력뿐만 아니라 시민사회의 개입도 중요함을 알 수 있다. 이러한 발견은 도시 커먼즈 관리문제의 근본 원인을 이해하고 해결하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

동아시아 (포스트) 발전주의 국가의 도시 포용성에 관한 실증 연구: 한국·중국·일본·대만의 비교

박인권,HONG ZHE 한국공간환경학회 2019 공간과 사회 Vol.29 No.2

East Asian countries have followed the development process of a ‘developmental state’ characterized by economic growth through strong state policies and market intervention by the state. In this process, the city has grown in a compact way with a focus on the function and efficiency of space, and the problem of social inclusion has not been dealt with at the city level. However, it is expected that the specific aspects will be different due to the difference of development path of post-developmental state. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the limitations and characteristics of urban inclusivity faced by large cities in East Asia are related to the stage and characteristics of post-developmental states. For this purpose, urban inclusivity is divided into four dimensions: capability building, interdependence, participation, and spatial openness, and empirical analysis is conducted on 36 metropolitan cities in East Asia including South Korea, China, Japan, and Taiwan. The analysis results show that urban inclusion patterns are different according to developmental stages and characteristics. First, cities in the phase of post-developmental state such as Korea have high level of inclusivity in the dimensions of capability building and participation. Second, spatial openness is lower in China, where the state is in the middle of the developmental process, than in post-developmental states such as Korea and Japan. Within a country, it is low in cities with high levels of development. Finally, even if the system is moving to post-developmentalism, if the crisis of national security and internal conflicts occur, the urban inclusivity in the dimension of interdependence can be reduced. These results provide important implications for understanding the causes of social exclusion in East Asian cities in relation to ‘(post-) developmental state’, a key feature of urbanization in the region, and how they have influenced urban inclusivity. 동아시아 국가들은 국가의 강력한 시장개입과 정책을 통한 경제성장을 특징으로 하는 ‘발전주의 국가’의 발전 과정을 따라왔다. 이 과정에서 도시는 공간의 기능과 효율성에 초점을 두고 압축적으로 성장하면서, 사회적 포용성 문제를 도시차원에서 중요하게 다루지 못하였다. 하지만 그 구체적 양상은 발전주의 국가 발전경로의 상이함으로 인해 다를 것으로 기대된다. 이러한 문제의식에서 이 연구는 동아시아 대도시들이 직면한 도시 포용성의 한계와 특성이 발전국가 단계 및특성과 어떻게 연결되는지를 규명하고자 한다. 이를 위해 도시 포용성을 역량형성, 상호의존, 참여, 공간적 개방 4대 차원으로 구분하여 한국·중국·일본·대만 등동아시아 국가 36개 대도시들을 대상으로 실증 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과는발전주의 단계와 특성에 따라 도시 포용성 양상이 다르게 나타남을 보여준다. 먼저 한국과 같이 포스트 발전주의 국가 단계에 들어선 국가 도시들은 역량형성과참여 차원의 포용성이 높다. 다음으로 공간적 개방성은 포스트 발전주의 단계에있는 한국이나 일본보다 중국과 같이 한창 발전주의 단계에 있는 국가가 낮고, 한 국가 내에서는 발전수준이 높은 도시에서 낮게 나타난다. 마지막으로 발전주의 이후 체제로 이행하고 있는 경우라도 국가 안보의 위기와 사회 내부의 갈등이 발생하면 상호의존 차원의 포용성은 낮아질 수 있다. 이러한 결과는 동아시아 도시들에서 발생하는 사회적 배제 문제의 원인을 이 지역 도시화의 핵심적 특징인‘발전주의’와 관련지어 이들이 도시 포용성에 어떻게 작용했는지를 이해하는 데에 중요한 시사점을 제공한다.

도시에 대한 권리와 포용도시

박인권 한국공간환경학회 2016 한국공간환경학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.1

지방자치 실시와 국책사업을 둘러싼 갈등

박인권 한국공간환경학회 1999 공간과 사회 Vol.11 No.-

포용도시 제도설계와 평가지표

박인권 대한지방행정공제회 2017 도시문제 Vol.52 No.582

Agglomeration economies in knowledge production over the industry life cycle: evidence from the ICT industry in the Seoul Capital Area, South Korea

박인권,Gyu Hwan Kim 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2015 도시과학국제저널 Vol.19 No.3

It is well acknowledged that agglomeration economies contribute to knowledge production, which is crucial in the current knowledge-based economy. The literature on evolutionary agglomeration stresses that the effects of agglomeration economies may vary depending on the industry life cycle. But much is not known about what sources of agglomeration economies play an important role in knowledge production at each stage of the life cycle: industrial localization versus diversification, and leadership by large firms versus competition among small firms. This study investigates knowledge production in the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) industry in the capital area around Seoul, South Korea, to answer this question. A panel data set for the patent applications during the period of 2006–2011 is used to model knowledge production in terms of different sources of agglomeration economies. The results show that distinct patterns can be found depending on the industry life cycle. Leadership by large firms has positive effects on knowledge production during the growth stage (2006–2009), while its effects become insignificant during the maturity stage (2009–2011). This is in line with the expectations of evolutionary agglomeration theory. The effects of industrial diversity change from negative to insignificant as the ICT industry enters the maturity stage. In the meantime, competition always has positive effects, while localization always has no significant effects.