홧병 경험군과 홧병 비경험군간의 홧병의 질병개념에 대한 비교연구

홍진표,김창윤,이창화,김성윤,박인호,이철,한오수 울산대학교 의과대학 1995 울산의대학술지 Vol.4 No.2

Objective The concept of Hwa-byung in terms of illness entity remains vague. In order to clarify such illness entity, this study was conducted to find out differences and similarities in subjects who experienced Hwa-byung and those who did not experienced Hwa-byung from a wide distribution within the general population. Method (1) Test Material The questionnaires were made up with reference to previously published articles on Hwa-byung, to SCL-90-R and to diagnostic criteria of DSM-Ⅲ-R. The questionnaires included the subject's demographic variables, their awareness of Hwa-byung, their experience of Hwa-byung, and also their opinions about its possible causes, precipitating factors, symptomatology, effective treatment modalities, course and prognosis of Hwa-byung. Such questionnaires were given to 50 subjects, all of whom are psychiatric out-patients at Asan Medical Center, for determining its validity and reliability before selecting 27 questionnaires. (2) Subject Subjects were recruited from among patients and their family members who visited the out-patient clinics of seven different departments at Asan Medical Center in Seoul a large metropolis (N=334), the out-patient clinics of seven different departments of Hae Sung General Hospital in the industrial city of Ulsan, Korea (N=299) and the seven branches of the public health center of Yeonchun county, Korea (N=262), a rural area. From these 895 subjects, 67 subjects who don't know about Hwa-byung and 34 subjects who didn't answered to the question on experience were eliminated from study subjects. The final number of study subjects was 794. (3) Methods of analysis The subjects were divided into the Hwa-byung experienced group and the Hwa-byung inexperienced group. The demographic data and the concepts of Hwa-byung were statistically analyzed by the student t-test or the chi-sq test. Results and Discussion The mean age of the Hwa-byung experienced group is significantly higher than that of the Hwa-byung inexperienced group. MOre women experienced Hwa-byung than men and lesser educated subjects experienced significantly more Hwa-byung. The place of residence, the place of upbringing and socioeconomic status have no significant difference statistically between the two groups. Both groups considered the primary cause of Hwa-byung as being psychological origin. However in the Hwa-byung experienced group, more subjects considered that the supernatural factor was the primary cause of Hwa-byung. One of the primary precipitating events causing Hwa-byung in both groups is conflict in interpersonal relationships ; however, the Hwa-byung inexperienced group exhibited more experiences in the realm of economical losses such as "failure of business" or "loss of capital" as precipitating factors causing Hwa-byung. Both groups consider that the symptoms of Hwa-byung are a combination of multiple physical and mental symptoms. With particular respect to in mental symptoms, such as depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and hostility are thought to be prominent features. As effective treatment modalities, subjects in both groups consider that both himself and his family members should make effort to resolve intrafamilial conflicts. But in contrast with the Hwa-byung inexperienced group, the Hwa-byung experienced group requires more concrete and more attention-giving modalities as important treatment strategies. The Hwa-byung experienced group considers its prognosis more grave than the Hwa-byung inexperienced group.

수술실 손 소독제의 종류에 따른 균주 수의 변화

홍성윤,김정민,김소영,이수정,오은실,양서인,김화실,김남초 병원간호사회 2006 임상간호연구 Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: The present study purposed to compare the hand washing effect of 7.5% powidone-iodine, which is used in the operation room of C university hospital in Seoul, with that of Ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture recommended by the US Association of Operating Room Nurses (2002) and to adopt a more effective hand disinfectant. Method: In a quasi-experimental design, 48 medical staff who participated in operations during the period from November 2004 to February 2005 had hand washing using the two kinds of hand disinfectants: 7.5% povidone-iodine and the ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture. Their palms were swabbed and cultured just after hand washing and again after taking dff sterile gloves after the operation. The number of colonies from the two occasions were counted and compared. Result: The number of general bacillus increased significantly in the group using 7.5% povidone-iodine compared to that in the group using the ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture. The number of general bacillus increased signficantly in doctors compared to that in nurses. The factors affecting the increase of the number of general bacillus were disinfectants and medical personnel. The number of general bacillus was expected to increase 9.41 times with 7.5% povidone-iodine than with the ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture and 14.87 times in doctors than in nurses. Conclusion: This study shows that the ethyl alcogol-CHG mixture has a stronger hand disinfection effect than 7.5% povidone iodine. Thus we need to change the hand disinfectant used in operating rooms as soon as possible in order to minimize the infection of wounds resulting from operations.

중국의 보건의료제도 고찰

이홍자,이화인 경인여자대학 1998 경인논집 Vol.- No.7

This study has attempted to know the health care system in post - Mao China. The model developed by the World Health organization was used as the criteria of the analysis in health care system of China. China is a typical country with the socialized health care system before 1976. Before 1976, the health care system of China is entirely under the control of public sector. This study presents the major changes in the health care system of China including decentralization of the public health care system, development of multiple health care providers, increased competition among these providers, and the chosing the health care by the patients. These changes in and around clinics of the Chinese health care system took place between 1976 and 1995. The health care system is inseparable from the social, political and economic development. There is a big economical differences between the rich and the poor. Chinese health care system is influenced by free market system in private sector, and managed by central and country government in public sector. The patients pay the medical fee by fee-for-service in private sector. So it is too difficult to see a doctor for the poor in private clinics. This study is based upon the statistical reports and the literatures.

Condylar positioning changes following unilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy in patients with mandibular prognathism

Kim, Myung-In,Kim, Jun-Hwa,Jung, Seunggon,Park, Hong-Ju,Oh, Hee-Kyun,Ryu, Sun-Youl,Kook, Min-Suk Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2015 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.37 No.-

Background: This study was performed to evaluate three-dimensional positional change of the condyle using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) following unilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (USSRO) in patients with mandibular prognathism. Methods: This study examined two patients exhibiting skeletal class III malocclusion with facial asymmetry who underwent USSRO for a mandibular setback. 3D-CT was performed before surgery, immediately after surgery, and 6 months postoperatively. After creating 3D-CT images by using the In-vivo $5^{TM}$ program, the axial plane, coronal plane, and sagittal plane were configured. Three-dimensional positional changes from each plane to the condyle, axial condylar head axis angle (AHA), axial condylar head position (AHP), frontal condylar head axis angle (FHA), frontal condylar head position (FHP), sagittal condylar head axis angle (SHA), and sagittal condylar head position (SHP) of the two patients were measured before surgery, immediately after surgery, and 6 months postoperatively. Results: In the first patient, medial rotation of the operated condyle in AHA and anterior rotation in SHA were observed. There were no significant changes after surgery in AHP, FHP, and SHP after surgery. In the second patient, medial rotation of the operated condyle in AHA and lateral rotation of the operated condyle in FHA were observed. There were no significant changes in AHP, FHP, and SHP postoperatively. This indicates that in USSRO, postoperative movement of the condylar head is insignificant; however, medial rotation of the condylar head is possible. Although three-dimensional changes were observed, these were not clinically significant. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that although three-dimensional changes in condylar head position are observed in patients post SSRO, there are no significant changes that would clinically affect the patient.

중학교 과학과 수업 개선을 위한 학급수업과정 분석

박행신,정충덕,오홍식,노인화 濟州大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1992 科學敎育 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study is to find ways for the improvement of science instruction by describing and analyzing the schooling process in the class-room of the middle school through the participant observation. Four differ-ent middle schools and four different science teachers were selected. And intensive participant observations were made about total 18 hours' school-ing process concerned to the instruction of ' Photosynthesis' and 'Digestion' which are two units in the science textbook of the middle school. The documentary records of the results of field research on schooling the classroom were made. On the basis of these data analytical diagrams of each hour's schooling process were made and each teacher's teaching type, instrucion process type and teaching method about the same teaching contents were comparatively analyzed. Through this analysis, the following conclusions could be obtained. 1. Teaching type was divided largely into two different kinds, such as laboratory lessons in the laboratory and lecture lessons in the classroom. Laboratory lessons were conspicuously grouping lessons, and the lessons in the classroom were lecture lessons practiced by the lead of the teacher. 2. Instrucion process model stood out as an 'Inquiring Model' in the the-oritical model in case of laboratory grouping lessons, that is, in which 'inquiry learning process' was dominant, and stood out as 'Concept Model' explained by the teacher or 'Discovery Model' by suggesting teaching materials in case of lecture lessons. 3. Teaching method, even in case of the same teaching contents, showed various styles according to the different teachers. such as structur-izing lesson, providing instructional cues, questioning and reacting to stu-dents 'response, explanation and writing on the blackboard, student con-trol in class. But in case of the' same teacher the same styles were found in suggesting teaching aims, teaching arrangements, turning over in teach-ing. explanation and writing on the blackboard, of every class hour. 4. In order to make a qualitative improvement for the science instruc-tion, the inquiring instruction process, that is the greatest aim of science education, should necessarily be practiced in each class, and through this teaching process the present limits of science instruction should be over come. Therefore, the exploring attitude of each teachers own to renew the instruction stratege, Comparing the existing instruction process model, and teaching methods of individual teacher's, is thought to be nessessary. For this, through the teacher's training program or the teacher's retrain-ing course, the various ways to improve the science instruction quality should be provided by using ethnographic data on schooling as a tool for the indirect experience about other's schooling process.

제조업에서의 실시간 Business Intelligence 활용사례 연구

김가회 ( Ga Hoe Kim ),박인경 ( In Kyeong Park ),박진원 ( Jin Won Park ),백헌 ( Heon Baek ),최홍용 ( Hong Yong Choi ),김진화 ( Jin Hwa Kim ) (주)엘지씨엔에스(구 LGCNS 엔트루정보기술연구소) 2014 Entrue Journal of Information Technology Vol.13 No.3

데이터 기반의 기업 의사결정에 대한 의식이 변화하면서 점차 Business Intelligence(BI)가 ERP와 같은 기본 솔루션으로 인식되고 있다. 제조업에서는 BI와 핵심 정보시스템인 ERP, CRM, SCM등이 연계된 통합구축사례가 늘어나고 있으며 기업간 경쟁력 우위 요소로 BI 솔루션을 활용하고자 하는 움직임이 활발하다. 인메모리DB 기술의 발달로 대용량 데이터의 실시간에 가깝게 빠른 처리가 가능해 짐에 따라 다양한 소스를 통해 수집된 데이터를 실시간으로 분석하고, 웹 및 모바일을 통해 신속한 전달이 가능해져 비즈니스 효율성 증대로 이어질 전망이다. 본 연구에서는 제조업 분야에 실시간 BI를 도입 및 활용 사례 연구를 통하여, 실시간 BI구축시의 방법론 및 실시간 BI 주제 선정, 구축과정을 제시하였다. 또한, 실제 구축 후의 성과를 제시하고, 더 나아가 실시간으로 월말 결산시의 매출 및 손익을 예측해 보는 손익 예측모형을 Pilot으로 검증 함으로써, 기업에서 실시간 BI 도입으로 가능한 분석업무의 확대 방향성을 제시하였다. Since the change of the enterprise decision making based on the data has been growing, BI(Business Intelligence) has been recognized as the fundamental solution such as ERP. The business cases of implementing BI integrated with systems related to core information systems such as ERP, CRM and SCM have been increased among manufacturing companies. The active trend is to recognize BI solutions as the element of competitive advantage for companies. Due to the growth of in-memory database technology, it is possible to do faster processing of big data in near real-time and to analyze the collected data from various sources in real-time. It enables that the data can be efficiently accessable by the web and mobile devices. Therefore, it is expected that the level of business efficiency will be increased into higher level. This research conducts the case study to adopt a realtime BI in manufacturing industry. It describes the methodology, subject selection in real-time BI and its building process. This study also shows the result of building BI and proves a profit and loss predictive model in generating the expected revenues, profits, and losses during monthly accounting period in real-time basis with a pilot project.

P251 : Analytic parallel-polarized light(PPL) imaging technique using various LEDs for the examination of skin properties: comparison with biophysical value

( Dai Hyun Kim ),( In Hyun Kwon ),( Hee Sang Kye ),( Ga Na Oh ),( Hwa Jung Ryu ),( Jae Eun Choi ),( Soo Hong Seo ),( Young Chul Kye ),( Hyo Hyun Ahn ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: PPL photography would be a quantitative assessment method for the examination of the properties of human skin. In our previous study, the quantitative difference of the light reflected from skin surface could have been analyzed by PPL photography. Objectives: So, we designed this study to improve the technique using various LEDs of different colors. In addition to PPL, in-house skin conductance meter was used to measure the skin hydration for comparison. Methods: A total of 40 healthy subjects were participated in this study. PPL imaging was taken on mid-cheek, volar aspect of forearm and anterior shin, using white and green LED illuminators. In order to assess skin conductance value, we designed our own probe. Results: First of all, as for glossiness on extremities, the L* value was positively correlated(r=0.33417), a* and b* value were correlated negatively(r= -0.32046, -0.33128) under the green illuminator. Skin conductance value was positively correlated with glossiness(r=0.65258). For dryness of extremities, the b* under the green illuminator was positively correlated(r=0.23339) and negatively with skin conductance (r= -0.80447). Skin conductance value itself showed correlations with CIELAB coordinate L* and a* from green light(r=0.24305, -0.22102). Conclusion: In conclusion, analytic PPL image technique combined with LED would be an efficient way to evaluate the properties of human skin and the results implicated the validity of our in-house conductance meter.

麻織物의 洗濯에 依한 收縮率 變化에 關한 硏究

南潤子,崔仁順,洪明和 慶熙大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

This study selected clothing materials that are frequently used in summer season. These are 100% ramie, ramie / cotton, ramie polyester, and ramie / rayon. With these materials, the writer analysed their shrinkage rate from laundering and dry-cleaning. The results are as followings. 1. The Shrinkage Rate as the number of laundering. The shrinkage rate from the first time of laundering the above 4 materials showed the greatest increasing amount on their warp and weft. And then repeated laundering showed a little difference in shrinkage rate. 2. The Shrinkage Rate was generally greater in the warp than in the waft. 3. The Shrinkage Rate was Shown Within 0.7% from the first Drycleaning. And, after that another time of laundering showed less shrinkage rate than the case of laundering only, but repeated laundering showed little difference. 4. The Differences of Shrinkage in the Materials. 100% Ramie showed the greatest change and then ramie / cotton the second, ramie / rayon the third, and ramie / polyster showed the least shrinkage rate.

복부비만 여성의 슬링을 결합한 플랭크 운동 효과

김정자,강다현,양종화,장인선,조부연,홍창완,Kim, Jeong-Ja,Kang, Da-Hyeon,Yang, Jong-Hwa,Jang, In-Seon,Cho, Bu-Yeon,Hong, Chang-Wan 한국임상보건과학회 2019 한국임상보건과학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Purpose. The study was conducted to find out the effects that women in their 20s with abdominal obesity can get from sling-based flanks. Methods. The study used In-Body to determine the weight and body fat rate of women in their 20s who were overweight at H University and used a tape measure to measure the circumference of the abdomen. Plank exercise using slings to reduce weight, body fat and abdominal circumference led to muscle stabilization and abdominal obesity reduction. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS ver. 23.0 statistics program. Results. The results of the study showed statistically significant differences in the weight, body fat rate and abdominal circumference of the subjects before and after intervention. Conclusions. Steady abdominal muscles exercise help stabilize the abdomen, reduce abdominal body fat rate, and are effective in managing obesity.

전기절연유의 절연파괴에 미치는 전극간격 및 곡률반경의 영향

강성화,채홍인,이종필,임기조 한국안전학회 2004 한국안전학회지 Vol.19 No.1

In this paper, we investigated the influence of gap length and tip radius on breakdown of mineral based insulation oil. Applied voltages were DC and AC voltage. Electrode system was needle-plane structure. The tip radius of needle electrode was 5, 10, 20 and 25μm, respectively. We measured breakdown voltage for each of tip radius with increasing electrode gap, 2mm to 12mm. Electric breakdown strength at tip was calculated using Mason's equation contained geometric figure. As gap length increased, breakdown strength increased linearly. But, as tip radius of needle increased, breakdown strength decreased exponentially. It can be explained by the phenomenon that electron is easily injected, as tip radius increases, and effective work function decreases. When appling DC voltage, breakdown strength was higher when polarity of needle was negative than positive. It is because of the space charge effect in accordance with the influence of liquid motion.