직장 어린이집 보육교사의 업무불안과 역할수행 간의 관계 - 원장 및 동료교사의 사회적 지지의 중재효과

강주연(Joo Yeon Kang),손승희(Seung Hee Son) 한국생애학회 2023 생애학회지 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구에서는 직장어린이집 보육교사의 업무불안과 역할수행, 어린이집에서의 사회적 지지의 관계에 대해 알아보고 업무불안에 따른 역할수행과 사회적 지지의 중재효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 D시에 위치한 직장어린이집에 근무하고 있는 만 3~5세 유아반 담임교사 116명을 대상으로 하였다. 사용된 설문지는 보육교사의 업무불안을 측정하기 위하여 교사용 불안검사지(STAS)를 이혜리(2016)가 번안한 척도를 사용하였다. 보육교사의 사회적 지지를 측정하기 위하여 박지원(1985)이 개발하고 김윤지(2017)가 유치원 교사용으로 수정한 도구를 사용하였다. 또한 보육교사의 역할수행은 이희경과 김성수(2002)가 개발한 도구를 박복매(2011)가 수정ㆍ보완한 척도를 사용하였다. 이 연구의 자료 분석을 위해 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 사용하여, 기술통계, 독립표본 t검증, ANOVA, Tukey의 사후검증, 상관분석, 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 주요 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 보육교사의 업무불안과 역할수행은 보육교사의 연령과 경력에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타났으며 최종학력에는 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 보육교사의 업무불안과 역할수행은 유의한 상관관계가 나타났다. 수업불안을 많이 경험하는 교사일수록 보육 및 기본생활지도나 교육 및 교수활동을 수행하는데 있어 어려움을 겪는다고 할 수 있다. 셋째, 보육교사의 업무불안과 역할수행의 관계에서 원장과 동료교사의 사회적 지지의 중재효과가 나타났다. 원장의 사회적 지지의 중재효과는 불안이 높은 교사가 보육 및 기본생활지도, 교육 및 교수활동을 수행할 때 효과적이었으며, 불안이 낮은 교사의 경우 상담 및 정서적 지원, 연구 및 반성적 실천, 관리적 역할을 수행할 때 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 동료교사의 사회적 지지의 중재효과는 불안이 높은 교사가 보육 및 기본생활지도, 상담 및 정서적 지원, 관리적 역할을 수행할 때 효과적이었으며, 불안이 낮은 교사가 연구 및 반성적 실천 역할을 수행할 때 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 보육교사의 업무불안과 역할수행에 어린이집에서의 사회적 지지의 중재효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 토대로 보육교사의 역할수행력을 높이기 위해서는 업무불안을 높은 교사들에게는 동료교사의 사회적 지지, 업무불안이 낮은 교사들에게는 원장의 사회적 지지를 통하여 역할을 더 효과적으로 수행할 수 있도록 대상에 맞는 교사 프로그램의 개발 및 실시와 교사 연수 등이 이루어져야 할 것이다. 또한 보육교사에게 사회적 지지를 제공하는 원장과 동료교사도 스트레스나 소진이 올 수 있으므로 이를 해소하고 격려할 수 있는 프로그램 또한 함께 개발되어야 할 것이다. This study confirmed the relationship between work anxiety, role performance of teachers at a childcare centers and social support. In addition, role performance according to work anxiety and the mediated effect of social support were investigated. We selected 116 teachers who teach at a childcare center in Daejoen. Lee Hye-ri’s (2016) and Park Ji-won’s (1985) questionnaires were used and modified by Kim Yun-ji (2017), Lee Hee-kyung and Kim Seong-su (2002), and Park Bok-mae (2011). For statistical analysis, Pearson's correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used. The results showed a mediating effect of social support on work anxiety and role performance of the childcare teacher. Based on this study, to improve the role performance of childcare teachers, it is necessary to develop and implement suitable programs and teacher training. Teachers with high work anxiety should use the social support of co-worker teachers, whereas teachers with low work anxiety should use the social support of the director. In addition, directors and co-worker teachers who provide social support to childcare teachers can suffer from stress and burn -out. Therefore, teacher education programs should be developed to solve these problems and encourage teachers.

간호실무에서 신봉이론(Espoused theories)에 대한 탐색적 연구

서문자,김혜숙,이은희,박영숙,조경숙,강현숙,임난영,김주현,이소우,조복희,이명하,지성애,하양숙,손영희,권성복,김희진,추진아 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

As a nursing practice involves nurses' actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives, Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal) ; excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, account- ability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics) ; human respect. partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences. positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention. rewarding peer relationship(3 theories of situations) The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore. it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to and any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions

Chlorpromazine이 백서 해마에서 전기경련 충격에 의한 MAPK 타이로신 인산화에 미치는 영향

주연호,정성훈,전송희,강웅구,김용식,김상욱,박주배 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.2

Object : In order to examine the interaction mechanisms of electroconvulsive shock(ECS) and antipsychotic drug at the level of molecular biology, we observed the effect of chlorpromazine pre-treatment on the activation of mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK) induced by electroconvulsive shock(ECS) in rat hippocampus Method : Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups. To the experimental group chlorpromazine(20㎎/㎏) was given intraperitoneally, and to the control distilled water was given instead. Thirty minutes later, ECS was given and the hippocampus was dissected out 2 minutes thereafter. Immunoblotting with antiphosphotyrosine antibody was carried out, and the signal intensity at 42kDa band was quantitized using densitometer. The obtained result was compared by student t-test between the experimental and the control group. The absolute amount of MAPK was measured by immunoblotting with anti-MAPK antibody. Result : The tyrosine phosphorylation of MAPK reached peak at 2 minutes after ECS. However, in the chlorpromazine pre-treated group, the peak level of MAPK tyrosine phosphorylation was significantly attenuated(t=-3.12, df=14, p=0.008) compared to the control. In contrast to this, the absolute amount of MAPK did not differ between the pretreated and the control group. Conclusion : Chlorpromazine attenuated the tyrosine phosphorylation of MAPK by ECS. This finding seems to be related to the fact that chlorpromazine pre-treatment changed the cfos expression by ECS in rat brain. Antipsychotic drug and ECS might interact at the level of MAPK signal transduction system, and this might explained the observed synergistic effect of two treatment modality.

자연미술의 이해와 지도의 실제 사례연구 : 초등학교 미술교과를 중심으로

강주희 한국문화교육학회 2012 문화예술교육연구 Vol.7 No.2

In urbanized information age, we have been isolated from the natural environment with loss of human dignity. The fundamental solution in this situation is for us to recover close relationship with nature as well as form holistic/ecological world view pursuing nature-friendly life style. Arts help us not only to reflect our ways of life but also to discuss relationship between human and nature, human and human, and human and society. Especially, nature art, an art genre using natural resources based on interrelationship between human and nature, leads us to introspect the relationship with nature as an action of the ecological approach. Nature art requires sensuous experiences in nature to explore and understanding it rather than the process of planning rather. It is based on intuitive ideas of art making from direct and actual experiences in nature. In this sense, nature art is appropriate to teach in an elementary school for children interested in direct and authentic learning experiences. Although for schools located in urban area it is hard to provide students a variety of experiences in nature, we could still use natural resources in everyday life such as small trees, stones, sands, and birds. This might be more meaningful for students to realize that we live with nature. Lastly, nature art in art education should develop ecological world view as well as expansion of media for arts, experimental art making, and a variety of artistic experiences. 자연미술은 작가가 직접 자연 속에 녹아들어 감각적 체험을 통해 받은 영감을 바탕으로 한 작품을 말하며, 자연물, 자연환경, 또는 자연현상을 매체로 사용하는 것이 특징이다. 작품은 시간적•공간적 현장성을 지니기 때문에 시간의 흐름에 따른 자연현상에 의한 변화까지도 작품의 일부로 수용하는 것이 일반적이며, 작품은 사진이나 동영상을 통해 기록되어 전시된다. 또한, 자연미술은 자연과 괴리되어 살아가고 있는 현대 사회의 학생들에게 감각적 체험을 통해 자연이 우리와 공존하고 있는 존재로 일깨워줌과 동시에 자연의 생명력에 대한 존중감과 환경지식, 그리고 환경을 보호하고자 하는 환경의식을 형성하도록 도와준다. 이러한 맥락에서 본고에서는 자연미술에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 자연미술교육에 대한 교육적 가치와 방법을 논하고, 실제 지도 사례를 살펴보았다. 초등학교 4,5,6학년 미술영재학생들을 대상으로 ‘자연과 미술’이라는 주제로 자연미술교육프로그램을 2박3일간 진행하였다. 본 프로그램은 자연미술의 이해를 위한 감상활동, 자연과의 깊이 있는 교감을 위한 미적체험활동, 자연과의 조화를 통한 표현활동으로 구성되었다. 각각의 활동을 통해서 자연에 대한 새로운 시각을 갖게 됨과 동시에 자연과의 의미있는 관계를 형성하게 된다. 그러나 단기간의 교육에는 한계가 있으며, 학생들이 자연의 미적 가치를 이해하고, 표현하는데 자연을 섬세하게 관찰하고 탐구•경험할 수 있는 충분한 시간이 필요하며, 작품의 결과보다는 그 과정을 즐기도록 해 줄 필요가 있다.

Tobit 모형을 이용한 CVM 분석

강주훈,강희용,정승진 관동대학교 기업경영연구소 2004 경영논집 Vol.22 No.-

There, in general, exists a difficulty in evaluating the external effect of economic activities by measures. It is simply because the external economic effect often fails to reflect the market price in real market transactions. Because evaluating the social expenses or benefits from public goods or environmental pollution often relies heavily on indirect, individual and subjective decision, it often tends to be over or underestimated. This paper adopted a closed Contingent Valuation Approach; if a respondent agrees on a specific price at the first stage that makes it possible to advance with an increased price to the second stage in which the respondent may accept the increased price. Then the respondent pays the highest price In the regression analysis, the Probit Model and the Logit Model is used in case that the dependent variable is considered as the appropriate selectable variable. The Tobit Model can be more of an appropriate model than the Probit and Logit in terms of describing the highest paying price at the second stage through the closed and contingent valuation approach.

한국인 만성 긴장형두통 환자에서 바이오피드백을 활용한 자율적 이완훈련의 효과

강은호,안주연,구문선,박주언,유범희 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.3

Objectives : We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of biofeedback-assisted autogenic training for chronic tension-type headache, and to determine the relationship among the changes in electromyography (EMG) activity, headache activity, and mood states according to the psychophysiological treatment. Methods : Chronic tension-type headache patients aged from 20 to 40 years (n=35) were randomized to the treatment group receiving biofeedback-assisted autogenic training (8 sessions) or the monitoring-only control group. EMG activities, headache index, and various psychological variables were examined. Results : We found greater treatment response rate (≥50% reduction in headache index) in patients with biofeedback-assisted autogenic training than in the monitoring group (61% vs. 18% ; χ²=6.882, df=1, p=0.01). There were no significant changes in the mean values of the pretreatment EMG activities across the sessions m either group (all p’s>0.1). Mood states including anxiety and depression improved over time in the both groups, with the improvements being more prominent in the treatment group. Moreover, the reduction in depression level predicted treatment outcome in terms of headache index (95% confidence interval : 0.272-0.966, p=0.039). Conclusion : These results show that biofeedback-assisted autogenic training is effective for the treatment of chronic tension-type headache in a Korean population. Changes in mood states may be closely associated with the clinical outcome in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache using biofeedback-assisted autogenic training.

대식세포의 Pro-inflammatory cytokine 생산에 대한 세포디짐의 효과

주성수,강희철,원태준,황광우,이도익 중앙대학교 약학연구소 2003 약학 논총 Vol.17 No.-

Cefodizime, a third cephalosporine, was originally developed for use in infectious disease as an advanced antibiotics. Cefodizime has also been known to play a meaningful role in activating natural killer properties of immune cells as well as enhancing immunological parameters such as phagocytosis. Furthermore, as the infection can result in remarkable changes for homeostatic mediators, it is expected that cefodizime may initiate the strong immuno- modualtory effect. In the present work, we investigated whether cefodizime has a biphasic effect of anti-bacteria and immunomodulation via macrophage. For the study, we isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages and treated with cefodizime 10㎍/㎖, 50㎍/㎖, 100㎍/㎖, IFN-v 10U/㎖.+LPS l㎍/㎖ Cells were then incubated for 4, 8, 12, and 24hrs to analysis the expression of IL-1, IL-6, IL-12 mRNA from macrophages. The results showed that cytokines were expressed more than that of control in a time-dependent manner and 100㎍/㎖ cefodizime group showed the greatest expression as much as the positive control (IFN-v+LPS)showed at 24h. In conclusion, cefodizime can play a significant role for the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-12 in earlier stage so that macrophages and other immune cells can response to the infectious substances, immediately. Moreover, when such pro-inflammatory cytokines are increased, we can also expect that the enhancement of cell-cell interaction of NK cell, CTL and B cell by cefodizime can affect the immunomodulatory effect along with its major role in anti-bacterial effect.

흰쥐 뇌에서 전기경련 충격에 의한 CREB 인산화의 발달단계에 따른 변화

강웅구,정희연,안용민,정선주,전송희,박주배,조수철,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.3

연구목적 : 이 논문에서는 뇌에서 전기경련 충격(Electroconvulsive shock. ECS)에 의한 전사인자 CREB의 인산화를 발달단계에 따라 알아봄으로써 정신장애의 신경발달학적 이해를 위한 생물학적 기반지식을 얻고자 하였다. 방 법 : 생후 7. 14. 21일 및 성년 흰쥐에 ECS를 가하고 시간별로 해마 및 소뇌 조직을 얻어 CREB의 인산화를 알아보기 위해 특이 항체로 면역블롯을 실시하였다. 결 과 : 발달단계에 따라 해마에서는 CREB이 감소한 반면 소뇌에서는 CREB이 증가하였다. 기저상태의 CREB 인산화는 해마와 소뇌에서 생후 7일에 비해 14일 이후 증가하였는데, 소뇌의 경우 CREB의 양증가와 비례하였다. ECS 후 CREB인산화 증가는 해마에서는 생후 21일 이후에 나타났으나, 소뇌에서는 생후 7일은 물론 성년에서도 나타나지 않았다. 결 론 : CREB 매개 신호전달은 발달단계별 및 조직별 활성의 차이를 나타내었으며 해마에서는 생후 21일 이후 ECS에 의해 활성화되었지만, 소뇌에서는 그렇지 않았다. 해마에서 ECS에 의한 CREB 인산화 증가는 c-fos 유전자의 발현과 관계있으리라고 생각되지만, CREB의 Ser-133 인산화 만으로는 발달단계 및 조직에 따른 c-fos 발현의 특이성을 설명할 수 없었다. Objectives : In order to understand the biological basis of neurodevelopmental perspectives of mental disorders, the authors investigated the developmental and regional changes in the phosphorylation of the transcription factor CREB following the electroconvulsive shock(ECS) in rat brain. Methods : Rats of various age groups(7, 14, 21 days postnatal and adults) were given ECS and their hippocampi and cerebella were dissected at specified time points. The content of CREB and phosphorylated CREB were measured by immunoblot analysis. Results : The amount of CREB increased in the hippocampus and decreased in the cerebellum according to the age. Baseline levels of CREB phosphorylation in both tissues were increased from postnatal 14 days, and it was proportional to the amount of CREB protein in the cerebellum. In the hippocampus, ECS increased the phosphorylation of CREB at postnatal 21 days, but in the cerebellum, ECS did not increased the phosphorylation of CREB in any age group. Conclusion : CREB mediated signal transduction pathways showed developmental and tissue-specific changes. ECS increased the phosphorylation of CREB in the hippocampus by postnatal 21 days, but not in the cerebellum. CREB activation is supposed to be related with the induction of c-fos after ECS in the hippocampus. However, the Ser-133 phosphorylation of CREB could not completely explain the developmental and tissue specificity of c-fos induction.

속초시 관광산업의 경제적 파급효과

姜周勳,洪性喜 관동대학교 경영경제연구소 2002 경영논집 Vol.21 No.-

한국경제는 1990년대 중반까지 정부주도의 성장 추구 전략으로 비약적인 발전을 하였다. 그러나 지역 간의 성장불균형성장은 Net 사회의 강화된 시장 경쟁력에 대한 대응과 지방자치의 확립을 위하여 반드시 해소되어야 할 과제가 되었다. 속초시는 환 동해안 시대의 대북 교역의 거점지역이며, 향후 연계관광의 중심지로서 발전할 수 있는 잠재력이 큰 도시이므로 지역주민들은 개발과 청정 환경의 보전이라는 당위적인 명제를 동시에 해결하며 도약할 수 있는 계기를 맞이하였다. 본 연구는 속초시가 재정 자립도를 높이고 경쟁력을 갖추기 위한 방안으로써 관광 단지 개발의 경제적 파급효과를 분석하였다. 관광관련 서비스 산업에 편중된 지역 특성을 볼 때 현대적 관광단지를 개발하면 관광 수요가 창출되어 전후방 산업의 연관효과를 얻게 된다. 따라서 고용창출로 인한 소득 증대 효과를 비롯하여 지방재정 자립에 크게 기여할 것으로 분석되었다.

REBT 집단상담 프로그램의 스포츠현장 적용효과에 대한 사례 연구

강주희,김선응 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this study was to discover the effects of group counseling program based on Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy for anxiety reduction training. For this study. a experimental group and a control group, composed of woman high school 3G plays in total, were organized and treatment was conducted on groups. The experimental group, composed of 18 plays, attended physical training and group counseling program based on Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy for anxiety reduction training. The control group. composed of 17 plays. received only physical training. These two groups turned out to be all homogeneous by F-test pretesting. Treatment lasted for an nine-week period. In each week. a two-hour-long session was conducted. Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 scale were the instruments used to measure the effect of the treatment. T-test was employed to find difference between groups after treatment. the experimental group showed significant differences statistically compared with the control group in cognitive anxiety score and somatic anxiety score, self-confidence of CSAI-2. These results imply that group counseling program based on REBT for anxiety reduction training enhanced self-confidence and reduced cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety making which are major factors in sport competition anxiety.