사법협조자 형벌감면제도

차시환 ; 추볼조 ; 정신교 김천대학교 2013 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.34 No.-

Unlike crimes is which there is a specific victim, organized crime or these regarding corruption are conducted in an organized fashion, and thus it is hard for people other than the accomplice to provide direct evidence for the crime or for law enforcement to expect the accomplice to testify even with the possible danger of self-incrimination In order to cope with this phenomenon, there is discussion about the system which gives a immunity or a less severe punishment to the criminal who contributed remarkably to determine the entire picture of the crime. there are several systems which are analogous to that, such as perpetuation of evi-dence, suspension of indictment, however, they have too considerable drawack to derive a voluntary aid efficiently from the criminal. Recently, the ministry of justice proposed to amend the criminal law and the criminal procedure law. We will achieve the desired outcome if we make a law concretely and clearly through a full discussion about anticipated problems, and reconsider the problems that might occur after the implementation of this system.

알코올 금단 발작 환자에서 진전 섬망 예방에 대한 Nimodipine과 Chlordiazepoxide의 효과 비교

정두신,양광익,이보람,방차옥,이태경,성기범,안무영,박형국 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.1

Background & objectives : An increase of calcium influx during alcohol withdrawal state may contribute to neuronal hyperexitability, which cause delirium tremens(DT). Some investigators have found calcium channel blockers effects in prevention of DT in experimental animals. Therefore we evaluated the preventive effects of calcium channel blocker(nimodipine) and benzodiazepine(chlordiazepoxide) on the development of DT in alcohol withdrawal seizure(AWS) patients. Method : A total 59 patients with AWS were divided into three groups according to the management nimodipine-treated, chlordiazepoxide-treated, and control(no specific medication) groups. We compared the incidence rates of DT in the three groups. Results : Total incidence rate of DT was 30.5%(18 of 59 patients). There were 6 DTs of 18 patients(33.5%) in nimodipine-treated group, 4 of 21 patients(22.5%) in chlordiazpoxide-treated group, and 8 of 20 patients(44.0%) in control. Conclusion : The control group(44.0%) showed the highest incidence rate of DT. And nimodipine-treated(33.5%) and chlordiazepoxide-treated group(22.5%) were followed. However, this result failed to demonstrated statistically significant differences due to small numbers size.

명예훼손에 대한 ISP의 형사책임

정신교, 추봉조, 차시환 김천대학교 2012 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.33 No.-

ISP is Internet operators means that If you have access to the Internet to take advantage of the general users, businesses, institutions, organizations, etc. Typically refers users to Internet access, Web site hosting, search engines, bulletin board system provides various services, such as those that provide through the Internet. This paper examined ISP's civil liability and criminal liability from point of view of the Criminal Act. As a result, ISP's Criminal liability shall be limited to aiding and abetting by omission' only when ISP's access and control against illegal contents objectively admit-ted. The damage of defamation using the internet is so quick and extensive that in many cases the results from human rights violations due to it happen to be gone to an irreversible state to recover. The thing that will need to be preceded before the criminal law restriction on internet defamation, is the freedom of speech and harmonizing issues It is difficult to draw the exact line for the collision between freedom of speech on the Internet and rights of respect for individuals. In other words, defamation issues should be dealt carefully to protect rights of respect for individuals because cyber space doesn't permit an individual infinite freedom of speech. Basically admitting freedom of speech, a limited responsibility should be asked within the boundary of not violating a personal honor.

음주교통사고의 미필적 고의 적용가능성

차시환 ; 추봉조 ; 정신교 김천대학교 2014 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.35 No.-

There is increasingly high a Crime Rate of Alcohol Impaired Driving and habitual Alcohol Impaired Driving in Korea. But It was a very simple measures and ex post pun-ishments about these problems in Korea. To form a society, it is necessary to have elements of cohesion and unity at the sametime. In order to make the society cohesive and harmonious, regulations and orders should be established. In other words, society should have rules to regulate behavior of citizens. The regulating society is one of roles that politics play. The criminal law is the law which covers the crime and punishment respond to it. So this has the function to protect the interest in thelaw. It is well presented as "nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege". The principal of legality is adopted to the positive law and the code of legal process. Therefore this principal must be adopted to the both the pos-itive law and the code of legal process. This situation leads to the discord in the both law. Therefore a theory is not accord in the both. If we support the theory of the recognition, we easily accept the theory that the intention is presumed. But we accept the theory of toleration in the positive law, and so the point at issue in the theory of recognition. So we don't support the theory of the recognition. But it is profitable of the proof's liability of a prosecuting attorney. That is the strictness

공인중개사의 불법행위 유형과 형사책임

정신교 ; 차시환 ; 추봉조 김천대학교 2011 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.32 No.-

The primary purpose of the national real estate brokerage system with their real estate transaction is to take place safely and quickly. Real estate transactions to take place quick-ly and safely, the real estate deal in terms of things there should be no problems with rights, and acquired real estate acquired to be utilized appropriately for the purpose will be that. This paper is analysis the type of prohibited and practices of real estate Broker's law and criminal penalties for violations of this regulation is for the Discussion Korea's Real Estate Section to be recognized as a professional is needed to compen-sate the institutional, real estate broker's aggressive penalties for the illegal acts must be present. Despite of clear evidence of the existence of penalties and the alleged discovery, because it's difficult to prove a direct criminal penalties will be difficult. Therefore, Real estate strict penalties for the illegal types are needed. And it is also needed for improved methods of investigation. And the ethics of real estate brokers is essential.

각국의 성폭력범죄 비교 및 검토

추봉조 ; 차시환 ; 정신교 김천대학교 2014 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.35 No.-

With women and children for sexualtypical case of rape cases on the rise in our soci ety continue to Yongsan child abuse cases since 2000 (2006.2), the amount Hye, arts events (2007.12). sexuesin case (2009.12), szimgiltae case (2010.2), gimsucheol case(2010 6), Gwangjin housewife murder (2012 08), and the like. May exacerbate the anxiety and fear of the people, for the crime. Accordingly, var- ious measures have poured out competitively government and parliament. Identifying sex offenders, especially public institutions in 2000, 2007 Electronic Monitoring System, in 2010 DNA Database System. 2011 drug treatment is also being implement-ed and the like. The problem is also important to have emerged more powerful than the correspond- ing criminal sanctions to the atrocious crimes of sexual violence, but this is getting so angry criminal sanctions for human rights violations, according to the information is dif-ficult to carry, and also the effectiveness of the policy is to ensure the problem The sit-uation facing the. And now became so difficult to understand the complex system of legal experts and law-related sexual crimes. This study is the analysis, we propose a method to incorporate the structural prob-lems of the Penal Code and the Criminal Penal Code and special laws and regulations in the country for sexual offenses, and review current legislation on sexual violence against international crime. This study analyzes what the nature of the crime of sexual violence response plan that is currently being implemented in the country know, and the problem of comparative legal study such as this throughout the United States, Germany, Japan, the major crimes of sexual violence response system, including the criminal We present a countermeasure for our sexual reality.

스쿠알렌 합성 유전자를 도입한 형질전환 가시오가피

서진욱,정재훈,최용의,이학성,신차균 중앙대학교 유전공학연구소 2003 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.16 No.1

The enzyme, squalene synthase, represents a branch point in the isoprenoid pathway capable of diverting carbon flow specifically to the biosynthesis of phytosterol and Triterpenoid. Transgenic Eleutherococcus senticosus plants were prepared by introducing the genes for squalene synthase derived from Panax ginseng (PgSS1), hygromycin phosphotransferase (HPT) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Establishment of transgenic plantlets were confirmed by the presence of PgSS1 and HPT bands in the genomic DNA preparation using a PCR method and a Southern blotting. In addition, expression of the introduced GFP DNA was confirmed by observing green fluorescence of GFP from the embroyos. In the in vitro analysis of the PgSS1 enzymatic activities the transgenic plants showed to have 1.5 to 3 times higher than wild type plant, indicating that the PgSS1 genes was well over-expressed in the transgenic plants. Especially the PgSS1 acivities of embroyogenic cell was 120 times higher than those of plantlet.

STZ 유발 당뇨쥐에서 시간에 따른 생리적 항산화계의 변화

이순재,양정아,김성옥,최정화,신주영,채영미,차복경 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1997 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.5 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate change of physiological antioxidative system according to the time in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 150±10gm were randomly assigned to one normal and five STZ-induced diabetic groups. Diabetic groups were classified to experimental period. Diabetes was experimentally induced by intravenous injection of 55 mg/kg of body weight of STZ in citrate buffer(PH 4.3) after 6 weeks feeding of three experimental diets. Animals were sacrificed at 0, 3, 6, 12, 18th days of diabetic states. 1. Activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in liver was increased in that of diabetic mellitus(DM) groups at 3th day but that of DM groups was not significant from 6th day according to period. Glutathion peroxidase(GPX) was significantly decreased in DM groups from 6th day 2. Reduced glutathione(GSH) contents in liver significantly decreased in diabetic groups from 3rd day compared with those of DM groups according to the period. Oxidized glutathione(GSSG) was higher from 6th day. GSH/GSSG ratio was significantly lower than that of normal group from 3rd day to all experimental period 3. Contents of vitamin E in liver of DM groups were significantly decreased compared with that of normal group from 6th day. 4. Lipid peroxide(LPO) contents in liver of DM groups were significantly increased compared with that of normal group from 3rd day. The present results indicate that STZ-induced diabetic rats were reduced by antioxidative defense system and taken by peroxidate damage in tissue compared with normal group from 3rd day or 6rd day after injection STZ. It lended to acceleration all diabetic groups but no significance according to the experimental time.

여자 고등학생의 성태도와 부모 양육태도가 성폭력 인식수준에 미치는 영향

강수인,김수민,김유진,김지수,박지원,신수경,이지현,장은주,정채린,진애경,차지영,이수연 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2019 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.53

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the factors influencing consciousness of sexual violence in female high school students, focusing on sexual attitude and parental attitude. ethods: Data were collected from 248 female high school students in South Korea. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection through online survey. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Tukey’s test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression using the SPSS 25.0 program. Results: The mean score of consciousness of sexual violence in female high school students was 43.54 out of 48. The findings indicate that the mean score of consciousness of sexual violence differed y number of years in high school and academic achievement. Among sexual attitude, parental ttitude, and consciousness of sexual violence, there were meaningful correlations between onsciousness of sexual violence and sexual attitude (r=.132, p=.038,), love-hostility (r=.172, p=.006),and autonomous-control (r=.132, p=.038). Love-hostility aspect of parental attitude (=.159, p=.049) and academic achievement (=.208, p=.001) were found to be the important influencing factors on female high school student’s consciousness of sexual violence (F=5.720, p<.001). Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that the love-hostility aspect of parental attitude and academic achievement influence consciousness of sexual violence of female high school students. Therefore, in order to improve consciousness of sexual violence in female high school students, sex education program and parent-education program should be developed with further research.

The Relationship between Depression Severity and Prefrontal Hemodynamic Changes in Adolescents with Major Depression Disorder: A Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy Study

Jeong Eun Shin,Yun Sung Lee,Seo Young Park,Mi Young Jeong,Jong Kwan Choi,Ji Hyun Cha,Yeon Jung Lee 대한정신약물학회 2024 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.22 No.1

Objective: Numerous studies have identified hemodynamic changes in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). However, studies on adolescents with MDD are limited. As adolescence is a stage of rapid brain development, differences may occur depending on age. This study used fNIRS as an objective tool to investigate hemodynamic changes in the frontal lobe according to depression severity and age in adolescents with MDD. Methods: Thirty adolescents (12 aged 12−15 years and 18 aged 16−18 years) were retrospectively investigated. The Children’s Depression Inventory was used as a psychiatric evaluation scale, fNIRS was used as an objective brain function evaluation tool, and the Verbal Fluency Test was performed. Results: During the Verbal Fluency Test, in the younger MDD group, oxygenated-hemoglobin concentration increased in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region as the severity of depression increased. In the older MDD group, the oxygenated-hemoglobin concentration decreased in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region as the severity of depression increased. Conclusion: These results suggest that fNIRS may be an objective tool for identifying age differences among adolescents with MDD. To generalize the results and verify fNIRS as a potential biomarker tool, follow-up studies with a larger sample group should be conducted.