http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
- 中文 을 입력하시려면 zhongwen을 입력하시고 space를누르시면됩니다.
- 北京 을 입력하시려면 beijing을 입력하시고 space를 누르시면 됩니다.
RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : 신차균 (검색결과 86 건)
- 무료
- 기관 내 무료
- 유료
-
-
-
신차균 교육철학회 2000 교육철학연구 Vol.23 No.-
Since 1995, 'experience-based education for humanity' has been a popular issue among Korean educators. But its nature has not been fully discussed and its meaning has not been clearly defined. The purpose of this essay is to examine the ideals and practices of so-called 'experience-based education for humanity'. This essay clarifies the nature of 'experience-based education for humanity' as a kind of character education, and the methodological aspect of which is made of internalizing desirable social norms. So I propose to define it as 'a minimum essential part of education for forming socially desirable human character rather than character education itself'. To clarify the nature of 'experience-based education for humanity', the relations of it to subjects-based education and to moral education are examined. Differences among them are also discussed. It is asserted that the final goal of 'experience-based education for humanity' is not differ from that of subjects-based education, and that the boundary of it goes far beyond narrowly defined 'moral education'. Then the actual needs of 'experience-based education for humanity' and the significance of direct experiences in it are discussed. I argue that current subjects-based education, the major part of which comprises imparting instrumental knowledge, cannot fully internalize social norms which are required in ordinary life. Social norms can only be acquired effectively by pervasive practices in which teachers engage. It is also insisted that unlike comparted subjects--based education, the emphasis of direct experiences in education will effectively bring about integrity of a whole-person. Finally, some practical considerations on 'experience-based education for humanity' are discussed. I suggest that for the effective implementation of 'experience-based education for humanity' a long-term planning of it, the development of various programs which are integrated into ordinary life of students, and active involvement of students are necessarily needed.
-
-
Unusual Features of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Virion
신차균,Shin, Cha-Gyun 대한미생물학회 1996 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.26 No.1
본 연구는 인간면역결핍바이러스의 입자를 비이온성 계면활성제로 처리할 때 바이러스 입자구조에서 분리되어 방출되는 바이러스 구조단백질들의 분포를 sucrose gradient로 분석하여, 바이러스 입자를 구성하는 바이러스 구조단백질과 바이러스입자의 생물리학적 특성을 연구하였다. 바이러스입자들을 0.16% NP40 (Nonidet P-40)으로 처리할 때, 바이러스 capsid 단백질과 바이러스 막 단백질 (membrance protein)들은 다른 바이러스 구성성분들과 잘 분리되었다. 계면활성제처리에서 방출되지 않은 구성 성분들은 matrix 단백질, nucleocapsid 단백질, reverse transcriptase, integrase 및 바이러스 RNA genome로써, 이들은 subviral 구조를 형성한다. 이러한 결과는 상대적으로 다른 바이러스들의 capsid 단백질과 면역 결핍 바이러스의 capsid 단백질 (p24)를 비교할 때, 면역결핍바이러스의 capsid 단백질은 바이러스핵을 형성할 때, capsid 단백질 사이의 결합력이 매우 약한 것으로 추정된다. 또한 바이러스 조절단백질의 하나인 vpr 단백질을 함유하는 바이러스입자를 NP40 처리하여 분석하였을 때, vpr 단백질은 subviral 구조에 존재하는 것으로 나타났다.
-
면역결핍 바이러스의 효소 integrase의 endonucleolytic activity
신차균 中央大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1995 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.8 No.1
면역결핍바이러스의 integrase 단백질은 바이러스 DNA 유전자를 감염세포의 유전자에 공유결합으로 끼워넣어 바이러스 유전자의 복제와 바이러스의 생성을 가능하게하는 바이러스 증식에 필요불가결한 효소이다. 본연구에서는 박테리아에서 overexpression으로 생산한 integrase 단백질의 endonucleolytic 활성의 발현 조건을 조사하였다. 방사능으로 표식된 이중나선의 oligonucleotide 기질 0.1 pmol를 integrase 30 pmol로 처리하였을 때, 90분 정도의 반응시간에서 대부분의 기질이 선택적으로 절단되었다. 또한 이러한 절단반응에 조효소로써 Mg++이온과 Mn++이온이 필요한가를 각 이온의 여러 농도에서 조사해보았을 때, Mn++이온의 존재는 endonucleolytic 활성을 위하여는 꼭 필요하며, 최고 20 mM까지 효소활성이 나타나게하였다. 그러나, Mg++이온은 조사된 모든 농도에 있어서 효소활성이 관측되지 않았다. 또한 방사능으로 표식되지않은 경쟁 oligonucleotide를 사용하여 효소활성의 저해를 조사하였을 때, 1 ug이상의 oligonucleotide는 효과적으로 반응을 억제하였다. The integrase protein mediates insertion of viral DNA into cellular DNA that is essential for viral replication and virion production. Using the human immunodeficiency virus type-1(HIV-1) integrase protein prepared from the overexpressed bacteria, basic conditions for evaluation of the endonucleolytic activity were studied in vitro. Short duplex oligonucleotides corresponding to the ends of linear viral DNA were used as substrates. Endonucleolytic cleavages in a reaction containing 0.1 pmol oligonucleotide as substrate and 30 pmol integrase were almost completed in 90 min. Mn++ was absolutely required for the endonucleolytic activity of the HIV-1 integrase while Mg++ was not. The endonucleolytic activities were observed in the presence of 0.2 to 20 mM Mn++. However, the endonucleolytic activity was not detected in any concentrations of Mg++ in the absence of Mn++. Furthermore, the endonucleolytic activity was fairly inhibited in the presence of competitive oligonucleotides. T
-
Characterization of the Functional Domains of Human Foamy Virus Integrase Using Chimeric Integrases
신차균,Hak Sung Lee,Seung Yi Kang 한국분자세포생물학회 2005 Molecules and cells Vol.19 No.2
Retroviral integrases insert viral DNA into target DNA. In this process they recognize their own DNA specifically via functional domains. In order to analyze these functional domains, we constructed six chimeric integrases by swapping domains between HIV-1 and HFV integrases, and two point mutants of HFV integrase. Chimeric integrases with the central domain of HIV-1 integrase had strand transfer and disintegration activities, in agreement with the idea that the central domain determines viral DNA specificity and has catalytic activity. On the other hand, chimeric integrases with the central domain of HFV integrase did not have any enzymatic activity apart from FFH that had weak disintegration activity, suggesting that the central domain of HFV integrase was defective catalytically or structurally. However, these inactive chimeras were efficiently complemented by the point mutants (D164A and E200A) of HFV integrase, indicating that the central domain of HFV integrase possesses potential enzymatic activity but is not able to recognize viral or target DNA without the help of its homologous Nterminal and C-terminal domains.
-
-
-
연관 검색어 추천
이 검색어로 많이 본 자료
활용도 높은 자료
