생물학적 소양의 함양을 위한 BSCS 통합 권고안과 6, 7차 교육과정 비교

구수정,김영신,김병석,이성조,정완호 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 2000 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구에서는 BSCS 위원회가 생물학적 소양의 함양을 위하여 제시한 중등 생물 교육과정 개발 지침과 우리 나라 제6차, 제7차 교육과정을 개념 제시 형태, 하위 개념들의 내용 일치도, 개념 수의 측면에서 비교 분석하였다. 연구 결과 우리 나라 교육과정의 내용 체계에서의 상의 수준으로서의 지식 영역과 하위수준으로서의 내용 요소 부분에 제시되어 있는 개념들이 포괄성의 차이 없이 단순히 개념 나열적으로 제시되어 있는 상태라서 개념 수준간 등급화가 충분하지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 우리 나라 생물 교육과정에는 생태계, 유전과 생식, 물질대사 부분에 너무 많은 개념들이 들어 있는 것으로 나타났는데 이로부터 BSCS가 학문중심 교육 과정기에 제시했던 많은 개념들에 대해서 현 시대 흐름에 비추어 학생들의 생물학적 소양의 함양을 위해 재조정하도록 권고하면서 제시한 6개의 통합 원리들을 편중되지 않게 고르게 포하하기 위해서는 우리 나라에서도 생물교육과정에 대한 재구성 노력이 필요한 것을 알 수 있었다. 한편 생물 Ⅰ보다 생물 Ⅱ에 생물학적 소양의 함양을 위한 필수 개념들이 더 많이 제시되어 있는 것으로 분석되었는데 이는 우리 나라 제7차 교육과정의 과학 10에서 과학적 소양이, 그리고 생물 Ⅰ에서 생물학에 대한 기초 소양이 강조되고 있고, 생물 Ⅱ에서는 생물학 관련 전공 과목 이수 준비를 강조하고 있는 과목별 성격과 목표에 부합되지 않는 것이며 따라서 우리나라 교육과정에서도 각 과목별 특성을 분명히 제시 및 반영하려는 노력이 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 이상과 같은 연구 결과로부터 현재 우리 나라 과학 및 생물 교육의 중요한 목적의 하나로 설정되어 있는 학생들의 생물학적 소양의 함양을 위해서 제7차 교육과정에 의한 생물 교과서의 교수 자료 개발 및 장차 제8차 교육과정 개발에 사용할 수 있는 실제적인 지침을 마련하기 위한 구체적인 논의가 있어야 함을 시사받았다. In this study, the concept presentation form, the content coherence of sub-dimensional concepts and the number of concepts of the 6th and the 7th Korean curriculum were analyzed comparing the guide to developing the secondary biology curricula to develop biological literacy with BSCS. According to the result, the discrimination between concept levels in the frame of contents of the Korean curricula is insufficient, because each of concepts presented in the knowledge domain as upper level and sub-dimensional concept elements as lower level are simply arrayed. Considering too much concepts of ecosystem, genetics, reproduction and metabolism, there should be an effort to reform the biological curriculum to include concepts evenly, not in the biased state, to reflect all the 6 unifying principles by BSCS for developing students' biological literacy. Finally there should be an effort to reflect the characteristics of each subjects concretely among Science 10, Biology Ⅰ and Biology Ⅱ in the 7th curriculum considering the result that essential concepts to develop biological literacy are presented more in some principles of Biology Ⅱ than Biology Ⅰ. Thinking the results of the present study, concrete discussions should be made to set up the standard reference about biological literacy and to present essential concepts for teaching and learning to develop it in the process of biology textbook development for meeting the 7th Korean curriculum and in the development of 8th Korean curriculum in advance.

우리나라 數學敎育過程의 變遷과 새 數學 運動(New Math.Movement)의 관계에 대해서

李炳守,具魯美 慶星大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.13 No.2

Views on the mathematical education are dependent on the views of the nature of mathematics. Accordingly the views of the nature of mathematics influences on the organization of the school curricula of mathematical education. In this paper we researched how the curricula of mathematical education in our country changed in connection with the new-math. movement and Back-to-basics movement about 1950 to about 1990.

단독주택지역의 주거환경에 대한 주민만족도에 관한 연구

김철수,임성호,윤병구 계명대학교 산업기술연구소 1998 産業技術硏究所 論文報告集 Vol.21 No.1

The main purpose of this study is to suggest some policy directions for a better residential environment in detached housing area in case of Taegu metropolitan city. In order to consider the change of urban spatial structure, study areas are classified into three zone-CBD, inner zone and outer zone. A field survey is conducted to measure residential satisfaction levels in term of safety, health and convenience. The main findings of this research can be summarized as follows. In general, the level of residential satisfaction at CBD is the worst with the lowest levels of the all three measures, while that of outer zone is the best with some dificiencies in term of health. The major determinants of the levels of residential satisfaction are found out to be (i) privacy protection, public transport, air quality and neighborhood facilities in case of CBD, (ii) cleanliness, fire protection, sunlighting and shopping facilities in case of inner zone, and (iii) public transport in case of outer zone. As is discussed, zonal problem is unique.

Bacillus stearothermophilus KJ16이 생산하는 Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase의 정제와 효소특성

김병우,김광현,남수완,권현주,송승구,윤종원 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase from B. stearothermophilus KJ16 that can produce both cyclodextrin glucanotransferase and cyclodextrinase was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, Sephadex G-100 chromatography, and FPLC. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was about 65,000 dalton by SDS-PAGE. The optimal pH and temperature were 6.0 and 60℃, respectively. The enzyme was stable at 50℃ for 1 hr and in the pH range of 5.5 and 8.5. Mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol inhibited the enzyme activity strongly. The enzyme produced 60% cyclodextrin(CD) from 5% soluble starch with the ^α-, ^β-, ^γ-CD ratio of 42 : 46 : 12. Amylopectin was the most suitable with 67% conversion to CD.

전침 자극에 의한 오디 괄약근 운동성 변화에 관한 연구

이성구,김명완,김홍자,서동환,이상수,김동일,유교상,주연호,민병일,김지훈 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2001 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2000 No.-

Background/Aims: This study was designed to evaluated the effects of electroacupuncture on the sphincter of Oddi (SO) motility in humans and to correlate the manometric findings with plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) levels. Methods: Eleven patients (M: F= 5: 6) who had various kinds of biliary disorders were enrolled. SO motility was monitored with a conventional low-compliant continuously perfused technique using ERCP (n=9) or percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscope (n=2). After baseline monitoring for phasic wave contractions of SO, electroacupuncture was applied at a specific acupoint, GB 34, in these 11 patients. A nonspecific acupoint 5 cm away from GB 34 was selected as a control. Manometric parameters of SO were also checked in 6 subjects during stimulation of the control acupoint. CCK plasma levels were measured during the time course of electroacupuncture stimulation. Result: All the manometric parameters including the basal pressure of SO, amplitude, frequency and duration of phasic wave contraction of SO were significantly decreased (p< 0.05) during electroacupuncture stimulation. The inhibition of SO contractility was accompanied by increased CCK plasma levels. After removal of electroacupuncture stimulation, restoration of amplitude and duration to basal condition were noted. A tendency towards the return of SO contractility was also observed in basal pressure and frequency. Stimulation of the control acupoint, however, did not affect the SO contractility and plasma CCK levels. Conclusions: Electroacupuncture stimulation of acupoint GB 34 showed reversible inhibition of SO contraction in humans. We speculate that the response of SO to electroacupuncture stimulation may be mediated by some neurohormonal mechanisms including CCK release. (Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Motility 2000;6:44-41)

5년간 집단 검진에 의한 연취급 사업장 근로자들의 건강수준 평가

차영수,이성수,안규동,한구웅,이병국 순천향 대학교 산업의학연구소 출판부 1995 순천향산업의학 Vol.1 No.1

To evaluate the health status of workers in lead using industries under supervision by Soonchunhyang University Institute of Industrial Medicine as part of program of group occupational health service and find out longitudinal changes of health status of lead workers through the service for 5 years from 1989 to 1993, authors analyzed 5 years's periodic health examination data which comprised 29 lead using industries with 40,035 total cumulative number of workers. Selected variables for this study were screening results of general health examination and final results of confirmative health examination for the general health examination which dealt with office workers and blue collar workers with no exposure of hazardous condition. For the special health examination, zinc protoporphyrin in whole blood (ZPP) and screening results of special health examination were selected for study variables. For the confirmative special health examination with screening positive workers, blood lead(PbB), delta-aminolevulinic acid in urine, ZPP, and final result were selected for study variables. Information on age, sex, and type of industries were also collected. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The five years screening positive rate for general health examination was 13.7% and 5 years rate for C category which did not need further confirmative recheck was 5.2%. 2. While the proportion of liver disease in C category in primary general health examination was 49.2% those of anemic disease and hypertensive disease were 23.3% and 27.5% respectively. 3. Five years screening positive rate and negative rate for storage battery industries, secondary smelting related industries, telecommunication related industries and other industries were 83.4% and 12.4 %, 76.5% and 17.5%, 75.5% and16.4%, and 79.5 and 14.4% respectively. 4. Screening positive rate for 5 years were increased as age increased from 9.0%(age less than 30 years ) to 21.1% (age more than 40 years). 5. Only 22.1% of screening positive workers for 5 years general health examination were diagnosed as confirmed general diseases and 33.1% were revealed as normal. The rate of confirmed general diseases were differed by the type of industries and they were increased by age increased. 6. The rate confirmed general disease and non-disease in screening positive of liver, cardiovascular, tuberculosis and chest, anemic and renal disease category were 25.5% & 14,5%, 22.8% &37.2% 21.5% &23.0% 62.0% & 7.0%, and 16.5% & 53.9% respectively. 7. The 5 years prevalence rate of confirmed general disease(D_(2)/total workers) and prevalence rate of abnormal finding(C+D_(2)) were 3.21% and 14.9% as a whole. By the screened disease category, those rate were 1.23% &6.89% for liver disease, 1.17% & 5.43% for cardiovascular disease, 0.96% &1.64% for tuberculosis and chest disease, 0.76% & 1.02% for anemic disease and 0.03% & 0.06% for renal disease respectively. 8. The five years screening positive rate of all lead workers with the criteria of the measurement of ZPP(>=100㎍/㎗) was 10.2% (female lead workers :25.5% male lead workers :8.1%). The positive rate has tendency to decrease year by year from 1989 to 1993. The phenomenon of decrease of rate was significant in storage battery industries, but not apparent in secondary smelting related industries. 9. The proportion of lead poisoning (D_(1)) among screening positive of lead workers was 14.9% for 5 year special health examination and rest of screening positive were diagnosed as high lead absorption. White the proportion of D_(1) was 8.8% in storage battery industries, that was 23.9% in secondary smelting related industries. 10. The distribution of screening positive lead workers by the group of ZPP for 5 years as a whole was 48.3%, 20.9%, 20.5% and 10.3% in the group of ZPP 100-149㎍/㎗, 150-199㎍/㎗, 200-299㎍/㎗ and above 300㎍/㎗, respectively. 11. The proportion of screening positive lead workers whose blood lead were above 60㎍/㎗ and whose urine ALA were above 10㎎/ℓ were 53.3% and 61.4%, respectively. 12. The 5 year overall prevalence rate of lead poisoning (D_(1)/all lead workers) was 0.142%(female lead workers:0.116%, male lead workers:0.145). For the rate of high lead absorption((C+D_(1))/all lead workers) was 0.945%(female lead workers:2.36, male lead workers :0.756). The above prevalence was decreased in later year of study period than early year of study period.

섬유상 담체 종류에 따른 생물학적 오수처리 비교연구

이수구,임병란,한종옥 서울産業大學校 1994 논문집 Vol.40 No.1

This study was performed to investigate the treatability of sewage from department store by attached growth biological treatment method using several fibrous media such as Supermodule made of polyvinylidine chloride and acry fiber(FBC), ringlace made of polyvinylidine chloride(HBC) and polypropylene(PP). The pilot plant was set up in the field of K department store and four consecutive aerated reactors were packed with each media and maintained in the condition of hydraulic retention time 12 hours. Experimental results showed that the effluent BOD concentration was stable even though the influent concentration was largely fluctuated in the range of 300~900㎎/L. BOD removal efficiencies in HBC, PP and FBC systems were 90%, 87% and 94%, respectively. The influent BOD was mainly removed in the first, second and third reactors and the removal rate in the fourth reactor was the lowest due to the low concentration and low influent load. The concentration of biomass attached to fibrous media was the highest in the FBC system compared with HBC and PP systems. Total concentration of volatile solids in the FBC system was 5,900 ㎎/L which was high compared with the other media systems. The production ratios of waste sludge were 9.2, 8.45 and 7.3 gDS/㎥ of influent sewage in HBC, PP and FBC systems, respectively.

韓國女性의 閉經에 關한 硏究

閔富基,丘秉參,李壽鍾 고려대학교 의과대학 1983 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.20 No.3

The climacteric that is sometimes associated with symptomatology, is the phase in the aging process of women marking the transition from the reproductive stage of life to the nonreproductive stage. During this climacteric phase, physiologic and sexual function is decreased of lost. The menopause is defined the cessation of menstruation for consecutive 12 months. The age of onset of menopause may make a difference by the individual women, and moreover it does appear to depend on various factors; socioeconomic status, cultural background, genetic, and health status. In the same country, the age of menopause does not appear significant difference for generation as being shown in that of menarchal age initiating menstruation. But it is influenced by racial, geographic, climate, and natural factors. In the advanced country, it has been studied about information of closely static results for people’s health status. The study is attempted for understanding of physiology of women, in sexual & maturated phase and menopausal status. Furthermore, it is indicated for the clinlcal diagnosis, family planning, and health status of the people. The author noted the following results about the age of onset of menopause, indicating the reproductive physiology of women, 3378 cases living on various area in Korea. 1. With observation of menopausal age of 6 areas in Korea, the mean age is 48.8 yrs. In Seoul (range 38-59 yrs. Frequent occurring age 46-49 yrs.), 48.2 yrs. In Kyungki area, (range 41-55 yrs., frequency 47-49 yrs.), 49.1 yrs. At Kangwon (range 38-57 yrs., frequency 47-51 yrs.), 8.2 yrs. In Choongchung(range 38-56 yrs., frequency 48-51 yrs.), 47.4 yrs. At Kyongsang (38-55 yrs. 45-50 yrs.), and 48.2 yrs. In Junla area (38-59 yrs., frequency 47-50 yrs.). 2. With persentile distribution of menopausal age according to distinction of age, onset of menopause is occurred in 5% at age 45, 80% at age 50 and 98.4% at ge 55. The mean age of menopause is noted 47.6 yrs. 3. By the observation of menopausal age according to distinction of parity, the mean age of menopauses 47.8 yrs. (range 38-57 yrs., frequency 45-57 yrs.) at multiparity, 47.9 yrs. at primiparity (range 38-54 yrs., frequent 45-49 yrs.), 48.2 yrs. at para 2 (range 38-60 yrs., frequency 48-56 yrs.), 47.7 yrs. and 47.9 yrs. at para 3 and para 4 or more group (range 38-60 yrs., frequency 46-50 yrs. at both group). And therefore, there is tend to lowering of menopausal age at para 4 or more groups than other groups. 4. In relation with the menopausal age and cohabitation with a family, the mean age is noted 46.8 yrs. at single group, 47.5 yrs. at group of living with a husband, and 48.5 yrs. at group of living with children. And therefore, menopause is occurred earlier in the single group than the other groups. And there is a significant difference in menopausal age between the single group and the other groups. 5. in relation with the education and the menopausal age, the mean age was noted 47.4 yrs. at no-educational group, 47.6 yrs. at primary educational group, 46.8 yrs. at middle school. There is tend to rising of mean menopausal age at primary educational group than middle school. 6. There is no significant difference for onset of menopausal age among the 6th decades, 7th decades and 8th decades at the postmenopausal women. The mean ages of the 6th decades 7th decades and 8th decades of the postmenopausal women were noted at 48.2 yrs., 48.1 yrs., and 48.0yrs., respectively.

모 컴퓨터 회사 근로자 건강증진 사업 전개를 위한 수요조사

임현우,안병용,최환석,박정일,김경수,이강숙,김정아,구정완 가톨릭대학산업의학쎈타 산업의학연구소 1997 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.36 No.4

Before conducting the health promotion program, we surveyed the health risk appraisal(HRA) of 210 workers (186 men and 24 women) in a computer company, for the need assessment, selection of target population, priority setting, and as a standard for comparision after performing the program. The smokers were 115(88.6%), and drinkers (over 1 bottle of Soju per week) were 91(44.8%) in men. Entire women and 148(78.0%) men never or irregularly exercise. Type A personality were 73(39.2%) in men, 8(33.3%) in women, and 26(14.0%) of men and 6(25.0%) of women were high stress risk group. 53(25.2%) of men and 2(8.3%) of women were obese (BMI ≥25kg/m²), and workers who consumed exess of total calory compared with recommendation were 142(76.3%) in men and 18(75%) of women. By the health risk appraisal, it was suggested that smoking cessation program, drinking counselling, exercise prescription, stress management, and weight control program should be conducted effectively for the high risk group.

관상동맥 질환에서 CD14 유전자형에 따른 세균 및 Heat Shock Protein에 대한 반응의 차이

한주용,최수연,조현주,김화평,강현재,구본권,김남중,김효수,손대원,오병희,박영배,최윤식 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.1

Background : CD14 is the receptor for lipopolysaccharides and heat shock protein (HSP), which has been suggested being associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated whether the response to infectious agents or HSP is different according to CD14 polymorphism in Koreans. Materials and Methods : Antibody titers to Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and human HSP60 (hHSP60) were measured in 48 patients with stable CAD and in 41 healthy controls by ELISA. CD14 genotype was determined by PCR and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was measured. Results : Seropositivity to C. pneumoniae and H. pylori, and antibody titer to hHSP60 were not significantly associated with the presence of CAD. CD14 genotype distribution was 31 TT (35%), 43 CT (48%), and 15 CC (17%). To compare the response to the infectious organism and hHSP60, we divided study population into 3 groups; CAD patients with non-TT genotype (group I, n=30), CAD patients with TT genotype (group II, n=18), and normal controls (group III, n=41). Seropositivity to C. pneumoniae and H. pylori, and antibody titer to hHSP60 were not significantly different among 3 groups. Though hs-CRP level was significantly different among 3 groups, post-Hoc analysis showed that hs-CRP level was not significantly different between group I and group II (group I: 1.6[1.1-3.5] mg/L and group II: 0.35[0.1-2.0] mg/L). Conclusions : This study suggests that the inflammatory responses to infectious organisms and HSP do not differ according to the CD14 genotype in Koreans. 목적 : 만성적인 세균 감염이나 자가 면역 반응이 동맥경화와 연관되어 있다는 주장이 제기되어 왔다. CD14은 lipopolysaccharides (LPS)와 heat shock protein(HSP)의 수용체로 C(-260)→T 다형성이 관상동맥 질환의 위험과 관련되어 있다고 제안되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 한국인에서 CD14 다형성에 따른 LPS와 HSP에 대한 반응성을 염증표지자를 측정하여 살펴보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 안정형 관상동맥 환자 48명과 정상 대조군 41명을 대상으로 Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori 항체 및 인체 HSP60 (hHSP60) 항체 역가를 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 방법으로 측정하였다. CD14 유전자형은 중합효소연쇄반응을 이용하여 결정하였고 hs-CRP를 측정하였다. 결과 : C. pneumonias 및 H. pylori 항체 양성 여부 및 항체 역가, 그리고 hHSP60에 대한 항체 역가는 안정형 관상동맥 질환의 유무와 유의한 상관관계는 없었다. CD14 유전자형의 분포는 TT 30명(39%), CT 31명(40%), 그리고 CC 16명(21%)이었다. 관상동맥 질환 군에서 TT 유전자형은 38%, 대조군에서는 32%로 TT 유전자형과 관상동맥 질환의 유무와는 유의한 상관관계가 발견되지 않았다(P>0.05). CD14 유전자형에 따라 C. pneumonias와 H.pylori 감염 및 hHSP60에 따른 반응에 차이가 있는지 여 부를 알아보기 위해, 관상동맥 질환 군을 다시 TT 유전자형 군과 non-TT 유전자형 군으로 나누어, 전체적으로 세군에서 항체 양성률과 역가를 비교하였다(I군: CD14 TT 유전자형을 가진 안정형 관상동맥 환자, II군: CD14 TT 유전자형을 가진 안정형 관상동맥 환자, III군: 정상 대조군). 세 군에서 C. pneumonias와 H. pylori 항체 양성률 및 hHSP60 항체 역가에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 세 군사이에 hs-CRP 값에 유의한 차이가 있었지만, post-Hoc분석에서 II군의 hs-CRP 값이 I군에 비해 유의하게 높지는 않았다(0.35 [0.1-2.0] mg/L in group II vs. 1.6 [1.1-3.5]mg/L in group I, P>0.05). 결론 : 본 연구는 한국인에서 CD14 유전자형에 따라 LPS나 HSP에 대한 반응이 유의하게 다르지 않음을 시사한다.