한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

당뇨병 백서의 간세포에서 Glucokinase 활성도 및 유전자 발현에 대한 인슐린의 영향

강성이,팽정령,서광식,안규정,우정택,김성운,양인명,김진우,김영설,김광원,최영길 경희대학교 유전공학연구소 1993 遺傳工學論文集 Vol.5 No.-

목적 당대사의 조절 상태에 따른 생체 변화를 분자 수준에서 이해하고자 식이 조건을 달리한 정상 백서와 화학적으로 유도된 당뇨병 백서의 간조직에서 혈당수준과 인슐린치료 정도에 따라 나타나는 글루코키나제 활성도 및 유전자 발현을 분석하였다. 방법 스트렙토조토신 정맥투여 후 당뇨병의 유발을 확인하고, 인슐린을 1일 3회 3일간 복강내로 투여하여 상태를 안정시킨 후, 인슐린 투여군은 인슐린 투여 6시간이내에 그리고 인슐린 비투여군은 24시간 후 단두하여 채혈하고 복강을 열어 간조직을 채취하였다. 채취한 간조직에서 글루코키나제 활성도는 인산화된 포도당에서 NADH의 형성을 형광분광계로 측정하였으며, 글루코키나제 유전자 mRNA발현은 Northern 분석법을 이용하였다. 성적 정상 백서에서 공복상태와 식이를 섭취한 경우에 간조직의 글루코키나제 효소의 활성은 차이가 없었으나, 글루코키나제 유전자 mRNA 발현은 증가되었다. 당뇨병이 유발된 백서의 간조직에서 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현은 정상 백서에 비하여 낮았다. 인슐린 투쳐 후 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가되었고, 특히 혈당이 정상화된 경우에서 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가도었다. 결론 인슐린에 의한 간조직에서 글루코키나제 효소의 활성 및 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA을 증가를 볼수 있었다. 당뇨병 백서에서 인슐린 투여 후에 혈당조절이 안된 경우 간조직의 글루코키나제 유전자의 mRNA 발현이 증가가 없는 것으로 보아 글루코키나제 mRNA의 발현에는 인슐린 이외의 다른 요소가 관여할 것으로 생각된다. The liver-specific hexokinase isoenzyme, referred to as glucokinase, is thought to play a key reglulatory role in hepatic glucose metabolism. The glucokinase gene is, therefore, of interest both because of its tissue-specific expression and because of the several regulatory processes that can be analyzed. The level of hepatic glucokinase activity appears to be determined essentially by regulation of the rate of enzyme synthesis, with insulin playing a leading role as an inducer. We investigated the role of insulin for the induction of glucokinase in the liver of diabetic rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin 7 days before the experiment. Regular insulin was given by three days intraperitoneal injection at 8-h interval. The glucokinase mRNA in the liver was estimated by Nothern blot assay, as well as by fluorometric enzyme activity assay. Glucokinase activity was not reduced in the liver of normal fasting rats as compared to normal fed rats. And glucokinase activity was reduced in the liver of diabetic rats as compared to normal rats. In diabetic rats treated with insulin, glucokinase enzyme activity were increased. But glucokinase mRNA expression was only increased in normoglycemic diabetic rat with treated with insulin as compared to hyperglycemic rat. These data indicate that insulin stimulates hepatic glucokinase enzyme activity and mRNA expression. But other hormonal or metabolic factors may be contribute to regulation of glucokinase mRNA expression.

전국 10개 종합병원 중환자실 환자의 직장내 Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci(VRE) 보균율, 보균의 위험요인 및 유전적 다양성 조사

정희진,송준영,엄중식,김우주,최선주,최정현,이혁,정문현,이광미,신동현,손보라,최종성,우흥정,권정아,이경원,최강원,박승철 대한감염학회 2002 감염 Vol.34 No.5

혈액 투석 환자에서 중심정맥 협착에 대한 스텐트 삽입술 : Wallstent Placement

임대승,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이정우,강정아,김정희,이민수,정준용,최시완,정진옥,성인환,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Stenosis of central vein is a common complication arising after percutaneous subclavian vein catheter insertion performed for temporary vascular access in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. There are several treatment methods for the condition like percutaneous angioplasty(PTA), stent insertion, and surgery, but recent trend is toward PTA and stents. Among the patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure from March 1993 to May 2002 and undergoing hemodialysis through AV fistula, the 14 Patients in whom central vein stenosis arose were selected for the study. A total of 28 percutaneous interventions(5 PTA and 23 stent placement) were performed, and restenosis rate and the time taken till the restenosis in de novo lesions and instant lesions were compared. All 28 cases were operated successfully. The 14 cases that received both anigioplasty and stent placement initially. (de novo lesion : 14 cases), Among the 10 cases with de novo lesion that followed up more than 1 year, 3 cases are currently undergoing hemodialysis without restenosis, and the remaining 7 cases have recurred stenosis with the mean time to restenosis of 10.9 months. In the 7 cases in whom stenosis recurred, 11 interventions were done(instent lesion: 11 cases). 4 of these were using only ballon angioplasty with 100% restenosis rate and the mean time of 3 months until restenosis. The remaining 7 cases were using both balloon angioplasty and stent placement, also with 100% restenosis rate but with the mean time of 12 months until restenosis, which was later than the group receiving only balloon angioplasty. In treating the patients with central vein stenosis, stent placement seems to be more advantageous over PTA in terms of restenosis rate and the mean duration of patency. In the case of instent lesion, inserting the stent for the second time after stenosis recurred lengthened the duration of patency compared to performing balloon angioplasty alone.

역해석을 이용한 압밀정수의 재평가

정진섭,최우정 원광대학교 대학원 2007 論文集 Vol.39 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to estimate settlement using the measurement data and to verify the application back-analysis by finite element analysis. It is very important to predict settlement in pre-loading method used to improve soft ground. But the settlement measured in the field shows a considerable difference from the predicted settlement due to various factors such as non-homogeneous soft layers, sampling disturbance, erroneous selection of soil parameters and deficiency of consolidation theories among others. Therefore, analysis of actual settlement behavior based on the measurement data during consolidation period is a very useful procedure in evaluating the rates of consolidation settlement. This study estimates settlement using analysis methods such as Hyperbolic, Hoshino and Asaoka method. Because these prediction method of ultimate primary settlement are analytically simple and economical, they are widely used in the field. To search consolidation parameter for site, back-analysis technique was performed using finite element analysis. From the results of analysis, the back-analysis technique for consolidation parameter is verified. Because a feed-back system to combine the data measured in construction field with priorly estimated information at the design stage is necessary.

3축 자세 제어용 센서 시스템의 구현

정종원,최우진,이준탁 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2001 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.9 No.1

In this paper, were developed the 3 axes attitude control sensor system to control and monitoring the moving object. The proposed sensor system has been studied in Japan, America for a year ago. But it is high expensive and has a difficulty in application. To overcome these problems, proposed the 3 axes attitude control sensor system is low cost and easily applied. Proposed sensor system is equipped with the 3 gyro sensors, 2 tilt sensors and 3 MR sensors using 80C51 microprocessor for signal processing. It's output value transmit at long distance using RS232 serial communication protocol. We expect this system shall have a good performances in many applications of control and monitoring the moving object.

능동 클램프 ZVS 플라이백 컨버터의 역률개선에 관한 연구

최태영,류동균,이우석,안정준,원충연,김수석 성균관대학교 2002 학술회의지원논문목록집 Vol.2002 No.-

본 논문에서는 single-stage, two-stage 두가지 역률보상(PFC)기법을 기존의 능동 클램프 플라이백 컨버터에 적용하여 역률 개선을 하였다. 삽입된 플라이백 컨버터의 능동클램프회로가 주스위치와 보조스위치의 영전압스위칭(ZVS)을 구현하며, 스위칭 손실을 줄임으로써 고효율을 얻을 수 있고, 높은 주파수에서의 스위칭이 가능하다. 하지만 일반적으로 사용되는 다이오드정류기, 평활용커패시터에 의한 낮은 역률의 문제점이 남아있다. 본 논문에서는 300W급 능동 클램프ZVS플라이백 컨버터를 설계하여 single-stage, two-stage방식을 적용, 입력역률개선을 시뮬레이션과 실험에 의해 입증하고자 한다. This paper analyzed PFC of active clamp ZVS flyback converter by adding two method PFC (Power Factor Correction) circuit - two-stage and single-stage. The addition of active clamp circuit also provide a mechanism for achieving ZVS of both the primary and auxiliary switches. ZVS also limits the turn off di/dt of the output rectifier, reducing rectifier switching loss and switching noise, due to diode reverse recovery. As a results, the proposed converters have characteristics of the reduced switching noise and high efficiency in comparison to conventional flyback converter. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed converters improve the input PF of 300W ZVS flyback converter by adding single-stage, two-stage PFC circuit.

제3기 국민건강영양조사를 바탕으로 살펴본 직업군별 Framingham risk score

최민철,송윤희,이상열,우정택 大韓産業醫學會 2009 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Objectives To find differences in Framingham risk scores which predict the probable risk of future cardiovascular disease among three different occupational categories Methods Subjects were selected from respondents of the 3rd Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey A total of 2,059 employed people between 20 to 59 years old were selected The occupational categories were professional and office workers salespeople and service workers and technicians and elementary occupations The Framingham risk score was calculated to find the risk of cardio vascular disease within the next 10 years In addition socio demographic characteristics life-styles the prevalence of chronic disease and cardiovascular disease were compared among the occupational categories Results The average Framingham risk score was 2.77± 6.44 for professional and office workers(n=771) 5.95±6.10 for salespeople and service workers (n=603) and 7.07±5.87 for technician and elementary occupations (n=685) Statistically significant multiple regression equations were derived(P<0.001) Conclusions Framingham risk scores of technicians and elementary occupations were highest which suggests that this occupational group has the highest risk of cardiovascular disease 목적 제3기 국민건강영양조사를 이용하여 우리나라 근로자들의 직업별 성인병 및 뇌 심혈관질환의 유병률의 차이가 있는지 보고자 하였으며 직업군별 Framingham risk score를 측정하여 직업군에 따라 향후 심혈관질환의 위험의 차이가 있는지 보고자 하였다 방법 제3기 국민건강영양조사 원시자료 34,152명중에서 직업을 가지고 있는 20~59세까지의 성인 12,328명을 선정하였으며 Framingham risk score의 항목별 점수 측정이 가능한 총 2,059명을(남성 1052명 여성1007명) 최종 대상으로 하여 직업군별 인구학적 특성 생활 습관 만성질환 뇌 심혈관질환의 단순 유병률 Framingham risk score 및 10년 후의 심혈관질환의 위험도를 알아보았다 결과 뇌혈관질환 심혈관질환 및 뇌 심혈관질환을 합산한 경우 전문 사무직보다 판매서비스직과 생산직의 유병률이 높았으며 통계적으로도 유의한 결과를 보였다 10년 후의 심혈관질환의 위험도를 측정하는 Framingham risk score를 전문 사무직 판매서비스직 생산직의 직업군별로 살펴보면 남성의 경우는 6.02±5.86, 7.09±5.93 7.90±5.61 여성의 경우 0.75±5.03, 5.22±6.11, 5.76±6.02 로 유의한 차이를 보였다 교육수준 체질량지수 그리고 공복혈당과 같은 유의한 변수와 교호작용을 고려한 중희귀분석결과 희귀식의 최초의 값은 전문 사무직 판매서비스직 생산직 순으로 낮은 값을 보였다 또한 서로 다른 기울기의 희귀직선을 도출하였으며 체질량지수와 공복시 혈당의 생체지표를 보정하여 시행한 중희귀분석에서 Framingham risk score는 전문 사무직 판매서비스직 생산직의 순서였다 결론 사회경제적 계층을 대표하는 직업군에 따라서 뇌 심혈관질환의 유병률의 차이를 보였으며 직업군별로 향후 심혈관질환에 이환될 위험도가 다름을 알 수 있었다

都市設計制御要素의 有用性에 관한 硏究 : 小規模商店街의 開發方式에 따른 比較를 中心으로 Focusing the Development Types of Shopping Streests

최정우 牧園大學校 建築·都市硏究센터 1997 建築·都市環境硏究 Vol.5 No.-

The city is the set of solid and void. Each of building as solid comes together and forms exterior spaces as void and districts, and finally the city. This study aims to establish the definition of the 'private initiated urban design' by the private sector. There are three ways in building construction according to the design subject such as public initiated urban design, private urban design and private development. Through the comparative analysis among them the usability of the collective development way of urban design is looked over on the point of the exterior spaces of the small and medium sized buildings located in the rear-streets running parallel with the main streets. The results are as follows; In the comparative analysis of usability about each case, co-development seems that is the practicable method for general use as the most useful method among the control tools of urban design. In addition, parking on the front open spaces and the use of joint parking entrances are shown as the methods promoting the efficiency of space. The efficiency of such control elements would be maximized in case they should be applied collectively to the streets as a whole. The security of the space for walking is an important part in making collective exterior space on inside streets.

인플레이션率과 連續割引率을 고려한 部分負在庫模型에 관한 硏究

최규탁,김정자,이강우,春日井 한국경영과학회 1992 韓國經營科學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

This paper develops an inventory model with partial backorders considering both inflation rate and discount rate under the situation of deterministic demand and lead time and then make an economic analysis. Especially, the inventory model with partial backorders provided here is the inventory model minimizing annual total cash outflows, which is extended by the addition of inflation rate and discount rate into "Inventory Model with Partial Backorders" of Park[6]. An iterative solution procedure is developed to find an optimal inventory policy. To provide guidelines for economic analysis of inventory model with partial backorders, sensitivity analysis for selected values of parameters is performed.