In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Cleavage in Canine Oocytes

Hae }ung Kim,Sang Ryeul Lee,Sin Hae Park,Sung Hyun Kim,Bong Soo Kim,Dong Hun Yoo,Sin Hae Park,Mi Jung Shin,Jae Wook Kim,Zae Young Ryoo 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2006 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.30 No.2

형제 유·무에 따른 성격특성의 비교

박경숙,박정인,이정림,조혜정 연세대학교 생활과학대학 1985 婦學 Vol.18 No.-

The aim of this research was to make a comparative analysis of personality traits among children with more than 2 siblings, with only 1 sibling, and those without siblings. The subjects were 117 pupils in the 5th grade, selected from 4 elementary schools in Seoul. The instrument for the study was a standardized personality inventory developed by Bum Mo Chung. The data were analysed with two­way analysis of variance in which the independent variables were sex and the number of siblings. The major results were: ⑴ the personality traits of the children were influenced more by sex differences than by the number of siblings, and ⑵ the personality of the boys was found to be more active, impulsive, and dominant than that of the girls, while the personality of the girls was more reflective than that of the boys.

청소년의 스마트폰 중독과 우울 및 불안과의 관계

김경은,김필송,민주연,박수경,신서인,이지은,정해인,조호정,최정원,최정인 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2013 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.47

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the degree of smart phone addiction among adolescents and their depression and anxiety levels. Method: In this study, 379 high school students were selected using the convenient sampling method. The instruments used for this study were smart phone addiction measure, the CES-D (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale), and the STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). Data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA with Scheffe test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Result: The mean score for smart phone addiction was 40.45±17.27, depression was 36.56±9.58, state anxiety was 44.00±9.61, and trait anxiety was 45.70±9.75. There were significant differences between the degree of smart phone addiction and the following variables: gender (t=-4.953, p<.001), hours of smart phone use per day (F=12.259, p<.001), types of frequently used features (F=3.485, p=.008), and satisfaction level for smart phone (F=5.18, p<.001). There were statistically significant relationships (p<.001) among degree of smart phone addiction, depression level, and state and trait anxiety levels. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that there was a significant relationship between smart phone addiction and mental health, specifically, depression and anxiety among adolescents. Further research is needed to develop nursing strategies to provide care for adolescents who frequently utilize smart phones.

농촌지역 노인들의 인지기능 장애와 사망과의 관련성

선병환,박경수,나백주,박요섭,남해성,신준호,손석준,이정애,Sun, Byeong-Hwan,Park, Kyeong-Soo,Na, Baeg-Ju,Park, Yo-Seop,Nam, Hae-Sung,Shin, Jun-Ho,Sohn, Seok-Joon,Rhee, Jung-Ae 대한예방의학회 1997 예방의학회지 Vol.30 No.3

60세이상 노인인구를 대상으로 '농촌지역 노인들의 우울 및 인지기능 장애에 관한 연구'를 한 이정애와 정향균의 연구대상 558명에 대해 농촌지역 노인들의 인지기능 장애와 사망과의 관련성을 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 3년동안 동안 전체 대상자의 사망률은 558명중 57명인 10.2%이었으며 353명의 정상 인지기능군 중 사망자는 30명으로 사망률 8.5%, 126명 의 경도 인지장애군중 사망자는 14명으로 사망률 11.1%, 79명의 중증 인지장애군중 사망자는 13명으로 사망률 16.5% 이었다(표 3). 2) 3년동안 전체 연구 대상자의 생존율은 0.91이었으며 정상, 경도, 중증 인지기능 장애군의 3년 생존율은 각각 0.92, 0.90, 0.86이었다. 로그 순위 검정법으로 인지기능 정상군과 경도 및 중증의 각 인지기능 장애군의 생존곡선을 비교한 결과 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 또한 인지기능 정상군과 경도 이상의 인지기능 장애군간 생존곡선을 비교한 결과도 유의한 차이는 없었다. 3) 혼란변인을 보정하지 않는 Cox의 비례위험 회귀 모형의 단변량분석의 결과 95% 신뢰구간(C.I. : Confidence Interval)에서 사망위험도가 유의한 변인은 연령, 월수입, 흡연습관, 신체장애 등이었으며, 인지기능 장애정도를 정상 그리고 경도 및 중증으로 분류한 분석에서는 정상군에 비해 경도 및 중증의 사망위험도가 유의하게 높지 않았으나, 인지기능 점수(MMSEK score)의 증가에 따른 분석 결과 사망위험도가 0.94로 유의하게 낮게 나타났다(표 4). 4) 잠재적 혼란변인들의 영향을 보정한 Cox의 비례위험 회귀모형의 다변량 분석의 결과 인지기능 장애정도 및 MMSEK 점수증가에 따른 사망위험도는 어느 모형에서도 인지기능 장애정도가 사망에 미치는 위험도는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다(표 5). 5) 남녀별로 각각 인지기능 장애와 사망위험도와의 관계를 알아보기 위해 다변량 분석을 시행한 결과 인지기능 장애정도 및 MMSEK 점수 증가에 따른 사망위험도는 어느 모형에서도 인지기능 장애정도가 사망에 미치는 위험도는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다(표 6, 표 7). 이상 본 연구는 농촌지역 노인들에서 인지기능 장애정도가 사망에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였지만, 인지기능 장애정도가 사망에 미치는 영향을 통계적으로 유의하게 고찰하지 못하였다. The purpose of this study was to examine the mortality risk associated with cognitive impairment among the rural elderly. The subjective of study was 558 of 'A Study on the Depression and Cognitive Impairment in the Rural Elderly' of Jung Ae Rhee and Hyang Gyun Jung's study(1993). Cognitive impairment and other social and health factors were assessed in 558 elderly rural community residents. For this study, a Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSEK) was used as a global indicator of cognitive functioning. And mortality risk factors for each cognitive impairment subgroup were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. At baseline 22.6% of the sample were mildly impaired and 14.2% were severely impaired. As the age increased, the cognitive function was more impaired. Sexual difference was existed in the cognitive function level. Also the variables such as smoking habits, physical disorders had the significant relationship with cognitive function impairment. Across a 3-year observation period the mortality rate was 8.5% for the cognitively unimpaired, 11.1% for the mildly impaired, and 16.5% for the severly impaired respendents. And the survival probability was .92 for the cognitively unimpaired, .90 for the mildly impaired, and .86 for the severly impaired respondents. Compared to survival curve for the cognitively unimpaired group, each survival curve for the mildly and the severely impaired group was not significantly different. When adjustments models were not made for the effects of other health and social covariates, each hazard ratio of death of mildly and severely impaired persons was not significantly different as compared with the cognitively unimpaired. But, as MMSEK score increased, significantly hazard ratio of death decreased. Employing Cox univariate proportional hazards model, statistically other significant variables were age, monthly income, smoking habits, physical disorders. Also when adjustments were made for the effects of other health and social covariates, there was no difference in hazard ratio of death between those with severe or mild impairment and unimpaired persons. And as MMSEK score increased, significantly hazard ratio of death did not decrease. Employing Cox multivariate proportional hazards model, statistically other significant variables were age, monthly income, physical disorders. Employing Cox multivariate proportional hazards model by sex, at men and women statistically significant variable was only age. For both men and women, also cognitive impairment was not a significant risk factor. Other investigators have found that cognitive impairment is a significant predictor of mortality. But we didn't find that it is a significant predictor of mortality. Even though the conclusions of our study were not related to cognitive impairment and mortality, early detection of impaired cognition and attention to associated health problems could improve the quality of life of these older adults and perhaps extend their survival.

CuInSe₂박막의 증착과 표면 형상의 특성

박정혜,정병두 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1993 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.52 No.-

Micro Raman Spectroscopy and Auger Electron Spectorscopy have been used to investigate polycrystalline CuInSe_(2) grains of different morphology. The grains larger than 2μm found on films annealed at 315℃ show Raman peaks at 174cm^(-1) and 258cm^(-1). In_(2)O_(3) is found to have formed on the surface and inside the grains the Cu : Se ratio is about 1 : 1. The 258cm^(-1) peak is thought to originate from a copper-selenide phase. 1-2μm size grains found on films annealed at temperatures below 305℃ show a Raman peak at 174cm^(-1) and an additional peak at 186cm^(-1). The Cu : In : Se ratio of these grains is about 1 : 1 : 3-4. The 186cm^(-1) peak is thought to originate from either a Se excessive or a Cu, In deficient phase when compared to stoichiometric CuInSe_(2) in the grain. Considering these properties, the optimum annealing conditions and surface morphology were obtained. Films annealed under such conditions consisted of clusters of crystals smaller than 1μm and showed a clear Raman peak at 174cm^(-1).

왜율개선과 동거제어를 위한 이산제어에 의한 UPS의 제어에 관한 알고리즘의 구현에 관한 연구

박해암,조정래 광주보건대학 1994 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

Recently UPS(Uninterruptible Power Supply) systems are widly used in a variety of fields as a highly reliable power source. But most of an UPS has a dual structure using analog circuits, digital or micro-processor for PWM and phase synchronous controller. We present algorithm and technique using a discrete control even amplitude and synchronous for an UPS in this paper. The proposed system in this paper is composed of a ROM, an A/D converter, a CTC, and a control S/W. The amplitude controller consists of the ROM written modulation index from 0.75 to 0.99 of the PWM data and the A/D converter as an error voltage detector. A timmer and counter mode of the CTC is used a controller for a phase synchronous. We have simulated the algorithm and technique by using an IBM PC/386(40MHz) as a controller, and have obtained the lower distortion and the fast response on synchronous driving as a result. From this result, we recognized that the proposed algorithm and technique is able to apply for an UPS system using only discrete control. This has an advantage in a manufacturing system, because it is able to be used at a flexible and widly applicative operation range by an adjusting a control program.

객체지향성 웹 모델 프로세서 설계에 대한 연구

정혜옥,양동일,남윤성,박순희,최형진 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2006 정보통신논문지 Vol.10 No.-

UML is able to visualize and specialize the output of the system center of the software, and able to connect to various languages and is constructed by engineering/re-engineering. Also, UML is a standard Modeling Language that aims at the documentation. Recently Web Application System is quickly popular and gigantic, it's possible to do modeling using UML which is the method of Object-Oriented analysis and design and simplify the complex developing course of software. In this paper, we suggest the 『Post Seminar System』 model for instance Object-Oriented Web Application which can increase the efficiency of businesses through of exchanging information with members. We constitute web application by separating it into 3 steps such as View class which takes full charge of Screen Presentation, controller which plays the role of connecting ring and divergence of View class and Model class, and Model class that takes charge in the gear with the Application Logic and DB applying MVC model which has considerable merit in developing and maintaining the web application.

정상인에서 양가감정과 관련되 뇌 영역 : 양전자방출단층촬영 상관 연구

정영철,석정호,전지원,박해정,이종두,김재진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.3

Objectives : The present study investigated the brain regions that correlate with ambivalence in schizotypy, a latent personality organization that is proposed to precede and contribute to the liability of developing schizophrenia. Methods : Using ^(18)F-FDG PET scan, we investigated the brain activity of twenty one normal healthy subjects during the resting state. Questionnaires, including the Korean Version of Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale (K-SAS), were administrated after the scan in order to assess the self-rated individual differences in ambivalence. Results : The Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale (SAS) scores showed positive correlation with the metabolic rates in the left parahippocampal gyrus and the fornix. In contrast, the Ambivalence over Expression of Emotion Questionnaire (AEQ) scores showed negative correlation with the metabolic rates in the right putamen. Although scores of the two ambivalence scales Correlated positively (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.477, p<0.050), there was no substantial overlap between the neural correlates. Conclusion : This study suggests that the hippocampal complex, which dysfunction has been reported to correlate with impaired information processing in schizophrenia, may underlie schizotypal ambivalence.

한국무용 참가동기와 생활만족의 구조방정식 모형 분석

박준희,정혜선 朝鮮大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 2005 스포츠科學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

This study was to analyze the life satisfaction by korean dance participation's motivation. Specifically. this study was to test relationship among, participation motivation, active satisfaction and life satisfaction. The subjects(N=191) were selected in highschool and university located at Kwangju province by convenience random sampling. This study organized a self-administration reporting questionaire which was named<The survey on the life satisfaction by korean dance participation's motivation>. The result of reliability about questionaire was Chronbach' a=.758-902. The reliability analysis and SEM were used as statistic analysis techniques. On the basis of the results, the conclusions were drawn as follows; First. There was a signfticant influence between outer participating motivation and active satisfaction. Second, There was a significant influence between active satisfaction and life satisfaction. Third, the model which was generally coincided on X^(2) = 145.701 (P=.000), RMSEA = .073, TLI = .939, NFI = .910, CFI = .952, explained adequate relationship among korean dance participation's motivation, active satisfaction and life satisfaction.

마케팅 리서치에서 다중측정방법에 관한 실증적 연구

박혜정,김혜정,이영주,임숙자 服飾文化學會 2002 服飾文化硏究 Vol.10 No.6

Qualitative research is a method widely used in marketing research However. the method has seldom been used in fashion marketing research in Korea. The purpose of this study was to prove that using both qualitative and quantitative research methods in main stage is much useful than using qualitative research method only in exploratory stage. Qualitative data were gathered by conducting Focus Group Interview(FGI) with 48 college students. Quantitative data were gathered by surveying college students, and 487 questionnaires were used in the statistical analysis. The data were analyzed using content analysis. mean. standard deviation, and t-test. As a result, FGI. one of the tools used in qualitative research methods, was proved to be useful in revealing consumers' deep emotional needs as well as purchase motives. FGI also revealed information which quantitative research method tools such as survey could have missed. Therefore. it is best to use multiple methods-simultaneous use of quantitative and qualitative methods-to understand fast changing consumers' needs and Purchase motives