주상 변압기의 고주파 모델에 관한 연구

한병덕(Han Byung-Duk),오정환(Oh Jung-Hwan),임태훈(Lim Tae-Hoon),김현종(Kim Hyun-Jong),임춘백(Lim Choon-Baek),김한수(Kim Han-Soo),김재철(Kim Jae-Chul) 대한전기학회 2000 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2000 No.7

Obesity Fact Sheet in Korea, 2021: Trends in Obesity Prevalence and Obesity-Related Comorbidity Incidence Stratified by Age from 2009 to 2019

양예슬,한병덕,한경도,정진형,손장원,On Behalf of the Taskforce Team of the Obesity Fact Sheet 대한비만학회 2022 Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome Vol.31 No.2

Background: The global public health burden of obesity has increased with socio-economic development. The Korean Society for the Study of Obesity released the 2021 Obesity Fact Sheet to address trends in obesity prevalence and comorbid conditions by different age groups. Methods: Individuals ≥20 years old who underwent a health checkup provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service between 2009 and 2019 were included. The prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity was standardized by age and sex based on the 2010 population and housing census. The incidence of obesity-related comorbidities was tracked from 2009 to 2019, and the incidence per 1,000 person-years was calculated using Poisson regression adjusted for age and sex. Results: Obesity and abdominal obesity prevalence has increased for the entire population over the past 11 years. Obesity prevalence has risen rapidly in individuals in their 20s and 80s compared with other age groups. Additionally, class III obesity prevalence in both men and women has significantly increased by nearly threefold. The relative risk of developing type 2 diabetes, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and cancers in people with obesity or abdominal obesity is greater than in people without obesity or abdominal obesity. The relative risk was higher in young and middle-aged individuals than in the older population. Conclusion: The findings based on the 2021 Obesity Fact Sheet suggest the need to better understand obesity characteristics according to age and sex and to establish individualized treatment strategies.

커피 소비와 생활습관 및 영양밀도의 관련성

김선희,한병덕,윤미은 대한영양사협회 2019 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.25 No.2

This study evaluated the nutrient intake with increasing coffee consumption for 403 adults aged over 30 years in Korea. The 403 subjects were national health screening examinees, who visited Sahmyook Seoul Hospital’s Comprehensive Check-up Center between 2017.11.01 and 2018.12.18. The subjects were asked to answer questionnaires covering a 24-hour recall fluid and dietary intake before the health examination. The research ethics council of Sahmyook University (2-7001793-AB-N-012019036HR) approved this study. Coffee consumption exceeding two servings daily was more likely in males, in those aged between 30 and 40 years, and in the smoking, drinking, non-exercise, non-breakfast groups compared to each counterpart. The correlation between the coffee consumption frequency and current nutrient density showed negative correlations in most micronutrients. The mean nutrient density decreased gradually with increasing coffee consumption (<1 serving daily, ≤1∼2 servings daily, >2 servings daily) in the ANOVA analysis. Therefore, the progressive adverse health effects of excessive coffee consumption needs to be researched further, and a daily total caffeine limit should be suggested in education of the nation levels.

국내 성인의 체지방지수 분석

권민희,한병덕,조성중,조진희 대한가정의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Family Practice Vol.11 No.1

연구배경: 비만의 진단을 위해 WHO는 body mass index (BMI) 값을기준으로 삼는다. BMI는 lean body mass와 fat body mass를 구분하지못하므로 bioelectrical impedance analysis를 통해 percent body fat, fatfree mass, fat mass index (FMI) 등의 값을 이용하여 체지방율을 예측한다. 우리나라를 포함한 전 세계적으로 여러 연구를 통해 BMI에근거한 비만의 분류별 FMI 값의 cut-off value를 제시하고 있다. 이번연구를 통해 성별, 연령대별로 FMI 값의 cut off value 값의 분포를살펴보고, 임상적 의의에 대한 고찰을 하였다. 방법: 2018년 5월부터 2019년 5월까지 전국 7개 건강검진센터의 수진자를 대상으로 신체계측과 BIA를통한 체성분분석을 시행하였다. 수진자를 10년 단위로 나누어 20대부터 80대까지 연령별로 구별하여 FMI 값에 대한 분포도를 알아보고, 성별, 연령별로 BMI 기준값에 상응하는 FMI의 cut-off value를 도출하였다. 결과: FMI 분포는 남녀 모두 BMI 기준 정상에서 비만단계까지는평균 FMI 단순평균값의 차이가 거의 없었으며, 고도비만군에서는연령이 증가할수록 FMI 평균값이 줄어드는 경향을 보였다. BMI에상응하는 FMI cut–off value는 남자에 비해서 여자가 평균값 BMI18.5에 해당하는 값은 남:여(3.2:4.5)로 1.3 높게 측정되었고, BMI 25에 해당하는 값은 남:여(6.1:8)로 여자가 1.9 높게 측정되었다. 비만진단기준에 상응하는 FMI 값은 연령대 증가와 함께 상승하였다. 결론: 비만진단기준인 BMI 25에 해당하는 FMI cut off value가 연령별 차이가 있음을 확인하였으며, 남자보다 여자에서 그 차이가 더큼을 확인하였다. 연령별로 일률적인 기준값을 적용하는 데는 주의가 필요하며, 연령이 보정된 FMI 값의 적용이 필요하다. Background: Body mass index (BMI), a standard guideline used by the World Health Organization to diagnose obesity, has limited ability to differentiatebetween lean body mass and fat body mass. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is commonly used to value body adiposity to calculate percentbody fat, fat free mass, and fat mass index (FMI). Numerous studies have published a population-based cut-off value of FMI corresponding to BMI tobetter assess obesity. This study aimed to suggest an FMI cut-off value that is indicative of obesity and understand any limitations to its clinicalapplication. Methods: From Jan 2017 to Dec 2018, this multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 618,757 community-dwelling healthy Koreansaged 20 years or older. Body composition parameters were measured using BIA. FMI was calculated for each age group and obesity classificationgroup. Results: The mean reference values of the reference groups were as follows: FMI 6.1 for men and 8 for women for those with BMI >25 and FMI 3.2 formen and 4.5 for women for those with BMI <18.5. When subjects were divided by 10-year age groups, the FMI cut-off value for the diagnosis ofobesity varied and the value increased with aging. Conclusion: FMI reference values varied among age groups. FMI values for women were distributed in a wide range and had larger differences in thesame obesity group. It is essential to apply age-specific FMI reference values to patients to achieve optimum body composition analysis.

아침 식사와 학업 성취도의 상관관계: 2017년 청소년건강행태온라인조사 결과

엄도현,조성중,한병덕,정승진,남가은,김정훈,김태륜,이상우,민순홍,이우현,허연 대한가정의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Family Practice Vol.9 No.1

Background: Eating breakfast is important for optimal growth and development in adolescence, and is associated with academic achievement as well as nutrition and health status. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between breakfast consumption frequency and high school students’ academic achievement. Methods: We used data from the 2017 Korea Youth’s Risk Behavior Web-Based Study, conducted by the Korean Center for Disease Control (64,991 students). The relationship between academic achievement and breakfast consumption frequency was examined using logistic regression. Results: Students who consumed breakfast frequently exhibited higher academic achievement as compared to their counterparts. There was a significant correlation between awareness of appropriate eating habits and breakfast consumption frequency. Further, students who had not received any education about eating habits exhibited low academic achievement. Conclusion: To improve the academic achievement of students, they should be motivated to eat breakfast every day. Additionally, appropriate education about eating habits need to be implemented at schools and at home to increase students’ breakfast consumption frequency. 연구배경: 청소년기에서의 아침식사는 성장과 발달에서 중요하며영양 및 건강 상태 뿐만 아니라 학업수행능력과도 연관이 있다. 이에중고등학생들의 아침식사 빈도가 학업성취도와의 상관관계를 알아보고자 한다. 방법: 본 연구는 2017년 청소년건강행태 온라인조사의 자료를 이용하여 아침식사 빈도와 학업성취도의 상관관계를 알아보고 영양 및식사습관에 대한 교육 이수 여부와 학업성취도와의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 결과: 아침식사 빈도와 학업성취도의 관련성을 알아본 연구에서 아침식사의 빈도가 높은 집단에서 학업성취도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 영양및식사습관에대한교육이수여부와아침식사의빈도를알아본 연구에서 식습관에 대한 교육 이수 여부와 아침식사 빈도는 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈다. 영양 및 식사습관에 대한 교육 여부와 학업성취도와의 관련성을 확인하는 연구에서 영양 및 식사습관에 대한교육을받은적이없는집단에서낮은학업성취도를나타내었다. 결론: 중고등학생의 학업성취도 향상을 위해서는 아침식사를 매일해야 하며 아침식사의 빈도를 높이기 위해서는 학교와 가정에서의식사습관에 대한 적극적인 교육이 필요하다.

전공의 수련 및 근로환경 실태조사

경문배,김이연,한병덕,조태호 대한의사협회 의료정책연구소 2014 대한의사협회 의료정책연구소 연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

Associations between Breastfeeding and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Glycemic Control in Parous Women: A Nationwide, Population-Based Study

남가은,한경도,김도훈,허연,한병덕,조성중,박용규,박용문 대한당뇨병학회 2019 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.43 No.2

We investigated associations between breastfeeding duration and number of children breastfed and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and glycemic control among parous women. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data for 9,960 parous women from the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (2010 to 2013). Having ever breastfed was inversely associated with prevalent T2DM (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42 to 0.87). All ranges of total and average breastfeeding duration showed inverse associations with T2DM. Even short periods of breastfeeding were inversely associated with T2DM (adjusted OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.99 for a total breastfeeding duration ≤12 months; adjusted OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.99 for an average breastfeeding duration per child ≤6 months). A longer duration of breastfeeding was associated with better glycemic control in parous women with T2DM (P trend=0.004 for total breastfeeding duration; P trend <0.001 for average breastfeeding duration per child). Breastfeeding may be associated with a lower risk of T2DM and good glycemic control in parous women with T2DM. Breastfeeding may be a feasible method to prevent T2DM and improve glycemic control.

흐름의 입사각이 점성토 지반의 수리저항성능에 미치는 영향

김영상(Kim, Young-Sang),한병덕(Han, Byung-Duck),강경오(Kang, Gyeong-O) 한국해안해양공학회 2012 한국해안해양공학회 논문집 Vol.24 No.1

지금까지 하천 및 해류에서의 지반의 수리저항 특성에 대한 연구는 흐름의 방향을 고려하지 않고 주 흐름방향에 대해서만 고려해 왔다. 최근 왕복류 흐름에 의한 지반의 수리저항특성에 대한 연구결과에 의하면 세립질 및 조립질 시료 모두에서 일방향 흐름보다 왕복류를 고려한 양방향 흐름에서 세굴률이 크게 발생 하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 해안구조물이 설치되는 해안 또는 협곡에서 흐름의 방향은 반드시 180?를 이루지 않으므로 흐름의 입사각이 지반의 수리저항성능에 미치는 영향에 대한 검토가 반드시 필요하다. 이에 흐름방향을 고려할 수 있도록 개선된 수리저항성능 실험기를 이용하여 인공적으로 조성된 점성 세립질 및 점성 조립질 시료에 대하여 0?, 90?, 135?, 180?의 입사각을 갖는 흐름에 대한 일방향 및 양방향 수리저항성능을 평가하였다. 실험결과 세립질 및 조립질 시료 모두에서 입사각이 커짐에 따라 수리저항성능은 감소하고 세굴률이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 압밀압력이 낮은 경우에는 세립토의 수리저항성능이 급격히 떨어지나 압밀압력이 큰 경우에는 조립토의 수리저항성능이 세립토에 비해 약간 더 빠르게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 최종적으로는 양방향 흐름일 경우 가장 큰 세굴률이 발생하므로 다양한 흐름방향에 노출되는 구조물의 경우는 양방향 흐름에 대해 수리저항성능을 평가하는 것이 타당한 것으로 판단된다. Until now, study on the hydraulic resistance characteristics of the ground at the river and the ocean current has been focused on the behavior under uni-directional flow without the direction change of flow. However, recent research result shows that scour rate which were measured under the bi-directional flow was much higher than those measured under uni-directional flow for both fine grained and coarse soil. Since the direction of inflow and return flow at the shore, where the structure will be constructed, is not always 180?, effect of the incidence angle on the hydraulic resistance capacity of the ground should be examined. Using the improved EFA which can consider the direction change of flow, hydraulic resistance capacities of the artificially composed clayey fine grained soil and clayey sandy soil under 0?, 90?, 135?, 180? flow angle of incidence were assessed. Test result shows that hydraulic resistance capacity decreases and scour rate increase with the increase of the incidence angle between inflow and return flow. For the low consolidation pressure condition, hydraulic resistance capacity of the fine grained soil decreases rapidly. While the hydraulic resistance capacity of the coarse grained soil decreases more rapidly than fine grained soil under high consolidation pressure. Eventually since the larger the incidence angle between inflow and return flow, the larger the scour rate. Hydraulic resistance capacity under bi-directional flow(0??180?) should be examined for the design purpose.

전차선로에서의 뇌격에 의한 가공지선과 피뢰기의 차폐효과

임성정(Seong-jeong Rim),한병덕(Byung-duk Han),오정환(Jung-hwan Oh),윤상윤(Sang-yun Yun),김재철(Jae-chul Kim),정용철(Yong-chul Chung) 대한전기학회 1999 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1999 No.7

금연 진료 환자에서 니코틴 의존도와 우울감 간의 관련성

김창수,남가은,정경만,한병덕,조성중,김정훈,엄도현,김태륜,이상우 대한가정의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Family Practice Vol.9 No.2

Background: This study evaluated the association between nicotine dependence and depressive mood in patients who visited a secondary hospital for smoking cessation treatment. Methods: From March 2016 to February 2017, a total of 48 patients who visited the smoking cessation clinic of a secondary hospital in Seoul were surveyed through questionnaires. Nicotine dependence was assessed by the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess depressive mood. Results: The mean BDI score was positively associated with nicotine dependence (P=0.01). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, increasing BDI was associated with higher odds (1.21, 95% confidence interval; 1.02–1.44) of high nicotine dependence after adjusting for all confounding variables. Conclusion: Depressive mood was positively associated with nicotine dependence among patients who visited a smoking cessation clinic. Consideration of depressive mood in smoking cessation treatment may be helpful for smoking cessation among patients with a willingness to quit smoking. 연구배경: 금연 치료를 받기 위해 내원한 환자를 대상으로 니코틴의존도와 우울감 간의 관련성을 평가하였다. 방법: 2016년 3월에서 2017년 2월까지, 서울시 소재 일개 2차 병원 금연 클리닉에 내원한 48명을 대상으로 하였다. 니코틴 의존도는 한국판 니코틴 의존도 설문 도구(Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence)로 평가하였다. 우울감 평가는 한국판 벡우울척도(Beck DepressionInventory, BDI)를 이용하였다. 결과:니코틴 의존도가 높을수록 우울 정도도 높았다(P=0.01). 나이,성별, 체질량지수, 음주 여부, 총 흡연기간, 흡연시작 연령을 보정한 다변량 로지스틱 회귀 분석 결과 BDI의 증가는 니코틴 의존도 오즈비의 증가와 관련되었다. 결론: 금연 진료를 위해 내원한 환자에서 니코틴 의존도와 우울감간에 양의 상관관계를 보였다.