고등학교 과학동아리 천체 관측 교육 프로그램 개발 - 소형 망원경을 활용한 산개성단의 거리 탐구 -

최동열,윤마병 한국지구과학회 2019 한국지구과학회지 Vol.40 No.3

The purpose of this study is to develop an astronomical observing education program that enables high school students to inquire the distance of astronomical bodies based on the research methods (observing open clusters and exploring collected big data) using small telescopes and DSLR cameras. After analyzing the 2015 revised science curriculum, we developed science club activity materials and teacher-student learning contents suitable for high school earth science education. A panel of six teachers and researchers of earth science education and astronomy, participated in developing the educational materials. The validity of the program was verified through establishing the agreement among the panels after in-depth discussions and clarifications. The program, developed with 10 lessons in total, showed high satisfactory content validity (CVI, .89) and conformity of school class (Likert’s 5 point scales, 4.17). The feedback of the panels and the Delphi analysis continued to improve the quality of the program. The pilot testing result with high school students (N=9) showed that the students’ satisfaction rate was high as 4.48. Using the astronomical observational education program of this study is expected to contribute in improving the convergence educational activity, interest, curiosity, and inquiry ability of students in the universe and the astronomical bodies. 본 연구의 목적은 고등학교 지구과학 교육에서 쉽게 다룰 수 있는 소형 망원경과 DSLR 카메라를 활용하여 산개성단을 관측하고, 이를 통해 수집한 데이터를 활용하여 천문학자들과 같은 연구 방법으로 산개성단까지의 거리를 탐구할 수 있는 천체 관측 교육 프로그램을 개발하는 것이다. 2015개정 과학과 교육과정을 분석하여 고등학교 지구과학교과 교육에 적합한 과학 동아리 활동 수업 자료와 교사용-학생용 학습 콘텐츠를 개발했다. 지구과학 교육과 천문학 분야의 전문가(교사) 6명이 패널로 참가하였고, 패널들 간의 상호간 신뢰도를 구축한 후, 프로그램의 타당도를 검증했다. 총 10차시 수업자료로 개발된 프로그램은 내용타당도(CVI. .89)와 현장 적합성 정도(리커트 5점 척도, 4.17) 검사에서 매우 만족스러운 검증 결과를 받았다. 프로그램에 대한 패널들의 의견 반영과 델파이 분석으로 개발 프로그램을 지속적으로 수정-개선하여 완성하였다. 개발된 프로그램을 고등학교 천체 동아리 학생들(N=9)을 대상으로 시범적 예비수업에 적용한 결과, 학생들의 수업 만족도가 4.48로 매우 높았다. 본 연구의 천체 관측 교육 프로그램을 천체 탐구의 융합교육 활동으로 활용한다면 학생들의 우주와 천체에 대한 관심과 호기심, 탐구 능력 증진에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

토끼 음경해면체에 대한 Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide의 효과와 작용기전

최동열,김세철 大韓泌尿器科學會 1992 Korean Journal of Urology Vol.33 No.2

光州圈 觀光호텔 營業서비스職 從事員의 意識構造

崔東烈 서강전문대학 1994 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

In the day of reform, hotel industry should promote efficiency of internal control. For that reason, the most important thing in the hotel industry is the management of human agency. Hereafter, the success or failure of hotel management is dependent upon upbringing and efficient use of experts. From this point of view, subjects of this thesis are service businessmen of tourist hote. in Kwangju area, and I investigate their way of thinking. I want this thesis shall be useful to efficient personnel management. The result of study is as follows. 1. A motive of employment and loss of employment It is found that hotel employees in Kwangju area decided employment not by their own will arbitrarily, but by other's will or meaninglessly. And it is exposed that the longer hotel employees are continuous their service, the more they leave their job. It is exposed that the reason of lose of unemployment is "for work at good hotol" and "by scout negotiation". 2. Occupational consciousness Respondents responded that tourist hotels had low social status and dark future, 67.9% of respondent responded that they wanted to continue their serve for 1-3 years. On the other side, 68.6% of respondent, including respondent who made answer of "be usual", responded affirmatively to the question about self-conceit as hotelmen. Ultimately. it is exposed that they have self-conceit as hotelmen, but they didn't content with hotel as their job. 3. Wages and working-environment Hotel employees in Kwangju area feel that their wages are guite dissatisfied with a remuneration for their work, but they have weak antipathy in comparison with wages level of other job. It is responded that they were content with working quantity and working-environment for the most part, but they were dissatisfied with welfare. 4. Service training and a labor union Accoding to investigation of questionaire, hotel employees are very interested in the necessity of service training. As many as 82.3% of respondent responded that service training was necessary. 82.6% of respondent responded that a labor union should be established. And it is responded that the necessity of a labor union was protection of rights and interests, improvement of working environment and welfare" and "for the substantial development of hotel" in the order named. 5. Policy of personnel management and human relations Hotel employees responded that the management was indifferent to raising the morale and did injustice to promotion and personnel changes. On the other hand, they made affirmative response, some extent, to the question asking response against employees' suggestion. And they made a quite affirmative response in the answer to the question about humans relations and teamwork with other employees or higher officer. They responded "improvement of welfare", "raising wages", "improvement of working environment" and "homely atmosphere" in the order named, to the question asking what they wanted most the hotel manager did. Generally, the result of actual investigation against way of thinking of service business employees in Kwangju area are found extraordinarily negative. The cause of these results is attributed to both employers and employees. But it looks like employers made more mistakes than employees did. Now times are changing. I think if employers disregard employees as usual, the growth of hotel industry shall be difficult to expect. So I think, hotel managers in Kwangju area should accept the result of this investigation, grow and take good care of man of ability even yet and consider a counterplan to use them. And I think employees should have management, increase trust with employers and endeavor to improve themselves reliably.

Prognostic Implications of the Expression of CXCL16 in Breast Carcinoma

최동열,홍란,임성철,기근홍,서재홍,이미자 대한병리학회 2011 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.45 No.1

Background: Of the many prognostic factors for breast cancer, the relationship between an infiltration of inflammatory cells and the prognosis is debatable. Of the chemokines affecting cancer’s inflammatory reactions, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 (CXCL16) has attracted attention for its prognostic value in many cancers, including colorectal cancer and renal cell carcinoma. But the situation for breast carcinoma is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the prognostic factors and the CXCL16 expression in patients with breast carcinoma. Methods: The patients (n=106) diagnosed with invasive ductal cancer of the breast were enrolled. We reviewed the clinicopathological factors of these patients, hematoxylin and eosin stains were prepared and estrogen receptor (ER), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) and CXCL16 immunostaining was performed. Results: The ER expression was significantly correlated with age and inflammation. A CXCL16 expression was noted in 81.1% of the cases. No association was evident between a CXCL16 expression and any other parameter, including the survival rate. Multivariate analysis did not implicate ER, HER2/neu or CXCL16 as an independent prognostic factor, but the tumor size was independent predictive factor for the patient outcome. Conclusions: An inflammatory reaction mediated by CXCL16 is not associated with the prognosis of breast cancer or any clinicopathological factors.

광주권 호텔산업의 재무분석에 관한 연구 : A, B호텔을 중심으로

崔東烈,李康熙 서강대학 지역발전연구소 1995 지역발전연구 : 서강전문대 Vol.1 No.-

To sum up the result of this study, in case of A, B Hotel is as follows. 1. Analysis shows that there is little stability including an aspect of a fund rasing, the ability to pay and working fund. 2. Analysis shows that there is little earnings. 3. Analysis shows that operations are sluggish. Therefore, ① It should be prevented the state of encroaching upon capital, through expansion of equity capital and lowering the standard of dependence upon borrowed capital. ② It is demanded that a company-wide cost reduction and a reduction the number of employees. ③ It should be excluded wasteful leakage which is appeared from the cost of management and maintenance, and controlled financial expence. ④ It should be given consideration to minimizing spare plant capacity, application of unwhol--esome stock-in-trade, daring restraint of investment, decreasing allotment of charges for custody and maintenance and the other expenses, and inclusion or not of inferiority credit caused by business fluctuations.

사출기 스크류와 배럴의 접촉거동 특성에 대한 연구 ( A Study on Contact Dynamic Characteristics of Screw and Barrels in Injection Molding Machine )

최동열,고영배,조승현,김청균,주성규 한국트라이볼로지학회 2000 한국트라이볼로지학회 학술대회 Vol.32 No.-

점상 촬영을 통한 타임랩스 제작 프로그램 개발: 참탐구를 위한 천체 관측 교육 프로그램 설계 원리의 적용

최동열,안유민 한국현장과학교육학회 2022 현장과학교육 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this study is to develop an astronomical observation education program that can help students understand the constellation and the concept of diurnal motion while experiencing authentic inquiry through practical astronomical observation and data processing and analysis. To this end, we analyzed the 2015 revised science curriculum to extract essential inquiry elements about the diurnal motion of the stars, and based on the design principles of the astronomical observation education program for authentic inquiry, we developed the initial education program by deriving essential design principles and detailed guidelines. After that, a panel of 5 experts in the field of earth science education and astronomy was formed, mutual trust was established, and the validity of the program was verified. The program developed as a total of 8 lessons obtained very satisfactory verification results for all items in the content validity. The final program was completed by continuously modifying and improving the developmented program through the reflection of the panel's opinions on the program and Delphi analysis. We applied the development program to classes for first-year high school students(N=90): Students’ responses were analyzed using satisfaction tests, questionnaires, and in-depth interviews to prove the effectiveness of this development program and the degree of realization of inquiry. If the program developed in this study is used as an educational activity for the constellation and diurnal movement, it will be able to contribute to the improvement of students’ interest and curiosity about the universe and celestial bodies, and positively for experiencing authentic inquiry. 본 연구의 목적은 실질적인 천체 관측과 데이터 처리 및 분석을 통해 참탐구를 경험하면서, 별자리 학습 및 별의 일주운동에 대한 개념 이해를 도울 수 있는 천체 관측 교육 프로그램을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2015 개정 과학과 교육과정을 분석하여 별의 일주운동에 관한 필수 탐구 요소를 추출하였고, 참탐구를 위한 천체 관측 교육 프로그램 설계 원리를 기반으로 필수 설계 원리와 세부 지침을 도출하여 점상 촬영을 통한 타임랩스 제작 프로그램을 개발하였다. 총 8차시 분량으로 개발된 프로그램 초안은 지구과학교육학 및 천문학 분야의 전문가 5명으로 구성된 패널들로부터 내용 타당도를 검증받았으며, 패널들의 검토 의견을 바탕으로 초안을 지속적으로 수정·개선하여 최종 프로그램을 완성하였다. 이후 고등학교 1학년 학생들(N=90)을 대상으로 개발된 프로그램을 적용하고 설문 조사, 개방형 질문지, 심층 면담 등을 통해 프로그램의 만족도 및 참탐구 구현 정도 등 프로그램의 효과성을 확인하였다. 별자리 및 일주운동을 학습하는 데 있어 이 연구에서 개발한 프로그램이 학생들의 우주와천체에 대한 관심과 호기심을 북돋우고 참탐구를 경험하는 데 긍정적으로 기여할 수 있을 것으로 전망한다.

NGC 7790의 UBVI CCD 측광

최동열,김희수,임범두,성환경 한국지구과학회 2015 한국지구과학회지 Vol.36 No.7

CCD photometry of the intermediate age open cluster NGC 7790 has been obtained using AZT-22 1.5m telescope (f/7.74) at the Maidanak Astronomical Observatory in Uzbekistan. NGC 7790 contains three Cep variable stars including CEa Cas, CEb Cas, and CF Cas. PSF photometry was carried out using IRAF/DAOPHOT for all observations. The total number of stars observed both in and filter was 1008 and the limiting magnitude was V≈22. To determine atmospheric extinction coefficients and photometric zero points, many blue and red standard stars as well as the standard stars in the celestial equator under various airmass were observed. Photometric data were transformed into the standard Johnson-Cousins’ UBVI standard system. From the analysis of UBVI color-magnitude diagram and color-color diagram, the color excess in and filter, the selective extinction ratio in and filter and distance modulus of the cluster were determined. The age of the cluster was estimated to be based on the position of these three Cepheid variables in the color-magnitude diagram, the isochrone of the Geneva group (Ekström et al., 2012-Z=0.019), and the isochrone of the Padova group (Bressan et al., 2012-Z=0.014) were used to compare each other. Of them, the Geneva models that considered stellar rotation well described the position of Cepheid variables in the blue loop. Although they were well consistent with standard period-luminosity relation of Cepheid variables, three Cepheid variables in NGC 7790 were, on average, brighter by about 0.5 mag than the absolute magnitude estimated from the mean period-luminosity relation at a given period.등급도, 세페이드 변광성, 주기-광도 관계 우즈베키스탄 Maidanak 천문대 AZT-22 1.5m 망원경(f/7.74)과 SITe CCD를 사용하여 3개의 Cep 변광성 CEa Cas, CEb Cas 및 CF Cas가 있는 중년 산개성단 NGC 7790의 측광 관측을 수행하였다. 관측자료는 IRAF/DAOPHOT를 이용하여 PSF 측광을 수행하였으며, 와 필터에서 모두 측광된 별의 수는 총 1008개이며, 측광의 한계등급은 V≈22등급이다. 대기소광계수 및 측광영점을 결정하기 위하여 천구적도에 있는 여러 표준별과 청색 및 적색 표준별을 다양한 대기투과량에서 관측하였다. 표준별 측광을 통해 대기소광계수 및 측광영점을 결정하고, 성단의 측광자료는 Johnson-Cousins UBVI 표준계로 변환하였다. NGC 7790의 색-등급도와 색-색도에서 이 성단의 와 필터에서의 색초과량, B와 V 필터에서의 선택적 소광량 및 거리지수를 얻었다. H-R도에서 세페이드 변광성의 위치를 고려하여 나이를 결정하였다. 이 과정에서 Padova연구집단(Bressan et al., 2012)의 등연령곡선()과 Geneva 연구집단(Ekström et al., 2012)의 등연령곡선()을 모두 사용하였고, 그중에서 자전을 고려한 Geneva 연구집단의 진화모형이 관측자료와 잘 일치하여 NGC 7790의 나이로 를 얻었다. 또 NGC 7790내 세페이드 변광성의 절대등급은 세페이드 변광성의 평균 주기-광도 관계에 비해 분산 범위 내에 있기는 하지만 주어진 주기에서 평균적으로 약 0.5등급 정도 밝음을 확인하였다.

'고객'개념의 변화와 고객서비스

崔東烈 서강전문대학 지역발전연구소 1998 지역발전연구 : 서강전문대 Vol.4 No.2

The participation of guest is the premise in offering service at service enterprise. So, guest is very valuable. In order to offering service for guest's satisfaction, it is needed right knowledge about guest. In this study, I predict about the idea of guest in the modern and future society and suggest the producing method of high-qualityservice. In the past, there were plentiful need in comparison with supply, guest was annoying object to enterprise. But, later, the supply exceeded the need according to the development of producing skill, and the importance of guest was increased. In the modern society, the supply is exceedingly increased, guest is treated as a king. The farther time proceeds, the higher guest's position will be. High-quality-service is accomplished through endeavor of both guest and server. High-quality-service is not expected only by guest's high level of attitude. On the contrary, the level of server is the chief element determining high-quality-service. The level required by guest for high-quality-service will be more higher in the future, and the production of high-quality-service enough to satisfying guest depend on server. Only when the level of service-civilization of server is maintained beyond that of guest, high-quality-service can be expected. In the future society, service for guest's satisfaction depend on the role of the first line server. Therefore the idea of internal-guest and internal marketing is risen. In order that service-enterprise of future produces service enough to satisfy guest, at first, it should satisfy server and make effort to raise the server's level of service-civilization.

‘첨단기자재를 활용한 연구방법론’ 수업이 고등학교 영재학생들의 과학 진로지향도, 과학 흥미도에 미치는 영향

최동열,김종헌,이민주,김우겸 한국영재교육학회 2019 영재와 영재교육 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 ‘첨단기자재를 활용한 연구방법론’ 수업 프로그램이 고등학교 과학영재들의 과학 진로지향도 및 과학 흥미도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보는 것이다. 연구 참여자는 3단계의 영재선발 과정으로 선발된 대전 소재의 과학영재 고등학교 1학년 94명이다. ‘첨단기자재를 활용한 연구방법론’ 수업 프로그램(16차시)에 대하여, 수업 전과 후에 과학 진로지향도, 과학 흥미도에 대한 검사를 실시하였다. 사후에 전체 참여자를 대상으로 프로그램에 대한 만족도와 설문지를, 30명을 대상으로 프로그램에 대한 소감문을 작성하게 하여 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수업 후 과학 진로지향도 중 과학 진로에 대한 가치인식이 통계적으로 매우 유의하게 향상된 것으로 나타났다(). 둘째, 수업 후 과학 흥미도 중 담당 교사 선호도가 통계적으로 유의하게 향상된 것으로 나타났다(). 이는 수업 과정에서 과학 관련 직업 및 과학자나 과학교사에 대한 호감도가 높아져 나타난 결과로 해석되었다. 학생들의 수업 만족도는 4.73으로 매우 높았다. 첨단 기자재를 활용한 각 분야별 연구 실습은 연구 활동에 처음 참여하는 고등학생들의 R&E 주제 선정이나 연구 설계 과정에 도움을 줄 수 있다. 또한 본 연구의 수업 프로그램을 과학고나 영재고등학교 R&E 준비를 위한 기초 교육 프로그램으로 활용한다면, 연구의 기초 소양 증진은 물론, 학생의 과학 관련 진로에 대한 관심과 과학자에 대한 호감도를 증진 시키는 데에도 크게 기여할 수 있을 것이다.