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우리나라의 중생대와 신생대 지층에서 산출된 은행류의 종의 다양성과 엽형
김종헌 한국지구과학회 2009 한국지구과학회지 Vol.30 No.1
This paper conducted the general review of the 6 genera and 22 species of ginkgoaleans known from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata of Korea based on the recent palaeontological knowledge. Species diversity and leaf form of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic ginkgoaleans were discussed. Results showed that 4 genera 8 species from the Mesozoic strata and 1 genus and 1 species from the Cenozoic strata were recognized respectively. Laminae of the Mesozoic type of ginkgoaleans were mostly split into narrow lobes, but those of the Cenozoic type were characterized by their fan-shaped simple leaf. 이 논문은 우리나라의 중생대층과 신생대층에서 기록된 6속 22종의 은행류 화석을 최근까지 확립된 고생물학적 지식에 기초하여 재검토하고, 종의 다양성과 엽형 대해 논의하였다. 연구결과 은행류 화석은 중생대에서 4속 8종, 신생대에서 1속 1종으로 각각 재분류되었다. 중생대형 은행류의 엽신은 대부분 가는 열편으로 갈라져 있지만, 신생대형은 부채꼴 모양의 단엽형으로 나타난다.
김종헌,원문섭 한국항공우주학회 2015 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.11
본 연구에서는 조류충돌해석을 통해 항공기의 주익 앞전(leading edge)의 구조건전성을 평가하였다. 조류충돌해석을 할 때, 조류의 물성치와 앞전의 물성치 차이가 매우 크기 때문에 일반적인 Lagrange 요소망과 같이 구조 유한요소를 사용한 충돌해석 방법이 적절하지 않으므로 Euler 요소망을 사용한 유체로 모델링 하였다. 다시 말 해, 유체-구조 연성해석론(fluid-structure interaction analysis metho dology)을 통해 효과적인 해석을 수행하였다. 해석결과 항공기의 앞전 구조가 조류충돌에 대해서 충분한 강도와 안전율을 가지고 있음을 증명하였다. In this study, structural safety of a leading edge of an aircraft wing was estimated through bird strike analysis. During bird strike analysis, it is recommended to generate a bird model as fluid using Eulerian mesh than Lagrangian mesh singe large difference of material properties between a bird and a leading edge. In other words, efficient bird strike analysis through fluid-structure interaction(FSI) methodology was performed. As an analysis result, it is proved that a leading edge of an aircraft wing has enough strength and margin of safety against bird strike.
김종헌,오인환,박재현,정해관 대한의학회 2018 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.33 No.37
Background: Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the major environmental health risk factor in Korea. Exposure to PM2.5 has been a growing public concern nationwide. With the rapid aging of the Korean population, the health effects attributable to long-term exposure to PM2.5 were expected to increase further in the future. We aimed to estimate premature deaths attributable to long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 in Korea. Methods: A modelled estimation of long-term exposure to PM2.5 was used to calculate the nationwide exposure level. Hazard ratios of long-term exposure to PM2.5 were obtained from a large prospective cohort study in North America. Modified cause of death (CoD) data, which applied the garbage code reclassification algorithm, were used to calculate premature deaths attributable to long-term exposure to PM2.5. Results: From 1990 to 2013, the average population-weighted PM2.5 concentration in Korea was 30.2 μg/m3. The estimated number of premature deaths was 17,203 (95% confidence interval [CI], 11,056–22,772). The most common CoD was ischemic stroke (5,382; 3,101–7,403), followed by cancer of trachea, bronchus, and lung (4,958; 2,857–6,820), hemorrhagic stroke (3,452; 1,989–4,748), and ischemic heart disease (3,432; 1,383–5,358). Conclusion: Premature deaths due to long-term exposure to PM2.5 accounted for 6.4% of all deaths in Korea. However, individual efforts alone cannot prevent the effects of air pollution. This disease burden study can serve as a basis for the establishment of government policies and budgets and can be used to assess the effectiveness of environmental health policies.
Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease
김종헌 대한치매학회 2018 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.17 No.4
Alzheimer's disease (AD) related genes have been elucidated by advanced genetic techniques. Familial autosomal dominant AD genes founded by linkage analyses are APP , PSEN1 , PSEN2 , ABCA7 , and SORL1 . Genome-wide association studies have found risk genes such as ABCA7 , BIN1 , CASS4 , CD33 , CD2AP , CELF1 , CLU , CR1 , DSG2 , EPHA1 , FERMT2 , HLA-DRB5-HLA-DRB1 , INPP5D , MEF2C , MS4A6A/MS4A4E , NME8 , PICALM , PTK2B , SLC24A4 , SORL1 , and ZCWPW1 . ABCA7 , SORL1 , TREM2 , and APOE are proved to have high odds ratio (>2) in risk of AD using next generation sequencing studies. Thanks to the promising genetic techniques such as CRISPR-CAS9 and single-cell RNA sequencing opened a new era in genetics. CRISPR-CAS9 can directly link genetic knowledge to future treatment. Single-cell RNA sequencing are providing useful information on cell biology and pathogenesis of diverse diseases.