가중치 결합 양방향 필터를 이용한 깊이 지도의 업샘플링 방법

오동률(Dong-ryul Oh),오병태(Byung Tae Oh),신지태(Jitae Shin) 한국통신학회 2015 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.40 No.6

EEG를 이용한 긴장 · 이완지표에 관한 연구

오동률(Dongryul Oh),홍광석(Kwangsuk Hong) 한국HCI학회 2014 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 피험자에게 긴장을 사진으로 유발했을 때와 피험자 본인이 자각(自覺)하여 유발했을 때의 뇌파를 측정하여 어떤 것이 더 사람의 뇌파 변화에 영향을 끼치는지 비교하고 이를 수치화할 수 있는 지표를 제안하고자 함이다. 뇌파의 δ,θ, α, SMR-β, MID-β, HIGH-β, γ대역의 파워 값을 구하고 안정된 상태를 나타내는 α파와 긴장 상태를 나타내는 HIGH-β의 비율로 긴장·이완도를 수치화한 기존 이완지표인 HIGHβ(power비율) 를 이용해 긴장이 사진에 의해 유발되었을 때와 자각에 의해 유발 되었을 때 값을 수치화하여 비교한 결과, 사진을 이용하여 시각적으로 자극을 유발했을 때가 이완지표 수치가 낮은 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 피험자의 정신적 자각에 의해 유발된 이완상태를 기존 이완지표보다 잘 나타낼 수 있는 새로운 이완지표를 뇌파 대역별 상관관계를 바탕으로 제안하였고 실험을 통해 기존 이완지표와 새로운 이완지표를 비교하였다. The objective of this study is to present a relaxation indicator so that which factor affects change of human brain wave could be compared and digitized by measuring brain wave at the time when stressed and excited emotion is induced to test subject through a photo and such emotion is perceived by the test subject. As a result of comparing digitized power value at the time when stressed and excited emotion is induced to test subject through a photo and such emotion is perceived by the test subject by using α/high-β(power ratio) that is existing relaxation indicator after obtaining power value of δ, θ, α, SMR-β, MID-β, γ band of brain wave, it was confirmed that value of relaxation indicator when visual stimulation was induced by using a photo was low. In addition, a new relaxation indicator that may represent relaxation state of a emotion being induced by mental perception of the test subject better than existing relaxation indicator was suggested based on correlation by each brain wave band and through an experiment, existing relaxation indicator and a new relaxation indicator were compared.

Role of Adjuvant Thoracic Radiation Therapy and Full Dose Chemotherapy in pN2 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Elucidation Based on Single Institute Experience

박효정,오동률,안용찬,표홍렬,노재명,선종무,안진석,안명주,박근칠,김홍관,최용수,김진국,조재일,심영목 대한암학회 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.4

Purpose The optimal adjuvant therapy modality for treating pN2 non-small cell lung cancer patients has not yet been established. In this study, the authors investigated clinical outcomes following three different adjuvant therapy modalities. Materials and Methods From January 2006 to December 2012, 240 patients with cN0/1 disease were found to have pN2 disease following curative resection and received one of three adjuvant therapy modalities: thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) and concurrent chemotherapy (CTx) (CCRT) (group I), CCRT plus consolidation CTx (group II), and CTx alone (group III). TRT was delivered to 155 patients (groups I/II), and full dose CTx was delivered to 172 patients either as a consolidative or a sole modality (group II/III). Results During 30 months of median follow-up, 44 patients died and 141 developed recurrence. The 5-year overall survival (OS), locoregional control (LRC), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and disease-free survival (DFS) rates of all patients were 76.2%, 80.7%, 36.4%, and 29.6%, respectively. There was no difference in OS among groups. TRT (groups I/II) significantly improved LRC, full dose CTx (groups II/III) did DMFS, and CCRT plus consolidation CTx (group II) did DFS, respectively. Conclusion The current study could support that TRT could improve LRC and full dose CTx could improve DMFS and that CCRT plus consolidation CTx could improve DFS.

Low-Dose Radiation Therapy for Primary Conjunctival Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma

이가인,오동률,김원석,김석진,고영혜,우경인,김윤덕,안용찬 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.2

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and the long-term outcomes of primary conjunctival marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL) patients who were treated with radiation therapy (RT). Materials and Methods Retrospective data of 79 patients with 121 primary conjunctival MZBCL lesions were collected from January 1, 2001 till June 30, 2014. All lesions were treated by local RT (26 Gy) with patient-specific customized lens-shielding device. Results The current Korean patients’ cohort showed younger median age at diagnosis (38 years), great female preponderance (78.5%) and more frequent bilateral involvement (53.2%) than the previous studies. Following 26 Gy’s RT, excellent clinical outcomes were achieved: 5-year rates of overall survival, local relapse-free survival, and contralateral relapse-free survival were 100%, 98.1%, and 91.5%, respectively. Two patients (2.5%) developed local relapse and five (6.3%) developed relapse at initially uninvolved contralateral conjunctiva with median interval of 52.9 months, and late adverse events of grade 2 and 3 occurred in seven (8.8%) and two (2.5%) patients, respectively. Conclusion 26 Gy’s RT was highly effective and safe, with the use of lens-shielding device, in treating patients with primary conjunctival MZBCL.

Tumor Volume Reduction Rate during Adaptive Radiation Therapy as a Prognosticator for Nasopharyngeal Cancer

이혜빈,안용찬,오동률,남희림,노재명,박수연 대한암학회 2016 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.48 No.2

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic significance of the tumor volume reduction rate (TVRR) measured during adaptive definitive radiation therapy (RT) for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). Materials and Methods We reviewed the RT records of 159 NPC patients treated with definitive RT with or without concurrent chemotherapy between January 2006 and February 2013. Adaptive re-planning was performed in all patients at the third week of RT. The pre- and mid-RT gross tumor volumes (GTVs) of the primary tumor and the metastatic lymph nodes were measured and analyzed for prognostic implications. Results After a median follow-up period of 41.5 months (range, 11.2 to 91.8 months) for survivors, there were 43 treatment failures. The overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS) rates at 5 years were 89.6% and 69.7%, respectively. The mean pre-RT GTV, mid-RT GTV, and TVRR were 45.9 cm3 (range, 1.5 to 185.3 cm3), 26.7 cm3 (1.0 to 113.8 cm3), and –41.9% (range, –87% to 78%), respectively. Patients without recurrence had higher TVRR than those with recurrence (44.3% in the no recurrence group vs. 34.0% in the recurrence group, p=0.004), and those with TVRR > 35% achieved a significantly higher rate of PFS at 5 years (79.2% in TVRR > 35% vs. 53.2% in TVRR ! 35%; p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, TVRR was a significant factor affecting PFS (hazard ratio, 2.877; 95% confidence interval, 1.555 to 5.326; p=0.001). Conclusion TVRR proved to be a significant prognostic factor in NPC patients treated with definitive RT, and could be used as a potential indicator for early therapeutic modification during the RT course.

Radiation Therapy Alone in cT1-3N0 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Who Are Unfit for Surgical Resection or Stereotactic Radiation Therapy: Comparison of Risk-Adaptive Dose Schedules

조원경,노재명,안용찬,오동률,표홍렬 대한암학회 2016 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.48 No.4

Purpose High dose definitive radiation therapy (RT) alone is recommended to patients with cT1-3N0 non-small cell lung cancer, who are unfit for surgery or stereotactic RT. This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness following RT alone using two different modest hypofractionation dose schemes. Materials and Methods Between 2001 and 2014, 124 patients underwent RT alone. From 2001 till 2010, 60 Gy in 20 fractions was delivered to 79 patients (group 1). Since 2011, 60 Gy in 20 fractions (group 2, 20 patients), and 60 Gy in 15 fractions (group 3, 25 patients) were selectively chosen depending on estimated risk of esophagitis. Results At follow-up of 16.7 months, 2-year rates of local control, progression-free survival, and overall survival were 62.6%, 39.1%, and 59.1%, respectively. Overall survival was significantly better in group 3 (p=0.002). In multivariate analyses, cT3 was the most powerful adverse factor affecting clinical outcomes. Incidence and severity of radiation pneumonitis were not different among groups, while no patients developed grade 2 esophagitis in group 3 (p=0.003). Under current Korean Health Insurance Policy, RT cost per person was 22.5% less in group 3 compared with others. Conclusion The current study demonstrated that 60 Gy in 15 fractions instead of 60 Gy in 20 fractions resulted in comparable clinical outcomes with excellent safety, direct cost saving, and improved convenience to the patients with tumors located at  1.5 cm from the esophagus.

The Role of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Multi-institutional Retrospective Study (KROG 11-06) Using Propensity Score Matching Analysis

송진호,우홍균,김범석,하정훈,안용찬,오동률,노재명,박효정,이창걸,금기창,차지혜,조관호,문성호,김지윤,정웅기,오영택,김원택,조문준,계철승,김연실 대한암학회 2016 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.48 No.3

Purpose We compared the treatment results and toxicity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients treated with concurrent chemotherapy (CCRT) alone (the CRT arm) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by CCRT (the NCT arm). Materials and Methods A multi-institutional retrospective study was conducted to review NPC patterns of care and treatment outcome. Data of 568 NPC patients treated by CCRT alone or by neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by CCRT were collected from 15 institutions. Patients in both treatment arms were matched using the propensity score matching method, and the clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results After matching, 300 patients (150 patients in each group) were selected for analysis. Higher 5-year locoregional failure-free survival was observed in the CRT arm (85% vs. 72%, p=0.014). No significant differences in distant failure-free survival (DFFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival were observed between groups. In subgroup analysis, the NCT arm showed superior DFFS and DFS in stage IV patients younger than 60 years. No significant difference in compliance and toxicity was observed between groups, except the radiation therapy duration was slightly shorter in the CRT arm (50.0 days vs. 53.9 days, p=0.018). Conclusion This study did not show the superiority of NCT followed by CCRT over CCRT alone. Because NCT could increase the risk of locoregional recurrences, it can only be considered in selected young patients with advanced stage IV disease. The role of NCT remains to be defined and should not be viewed as the standard of care.

Effect of Radiation Therapy Techniques on Outcome in N3-positive IIIB Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy

노재명,김진만,안용찬,표홍렬,김보경,오동률,주상규,김진성,신정숙,홍채선,박효정,이언주 대한암학회 2016 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.48 No.1

Purpose This study was conducted to evaluate clinical outcomes following definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for patients with N3-positive stage IIIB (N3-IIIB) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a focus on radiation therapy (RT) techniques. Materials and Methods From May 2010 to November 2012, 77 patients with N3-IIIB NSCLC received definitive CCRT (median, 66 Gy). RT techniques were selected individually based on estimated lung toxicity, with 3-dimensional conformal RT (3D-CRT) and intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) delivered to 48 (62.3%) and 29 (37.7%) patients, respectively. Weekly docetaxel/paclitaxel plus cisplatin (67, 87.0%) was the most common concurrent chemotherapy regimen. Results The median age and clinical target volume (CTV) were 60 years and 288.0 cm3, respectively. Patients receiving IMRT had greater disease extent in terms of supraclavicular lymph node (SCN) involvement and CTV ! 300 cm3. The median follow-up time was 21.7 months. Forty- five patients (58.4%) experienced disease progression, most frequently distant metastasis (39, 50.6%). In-field locoregional control, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) rates at 2 years were 87.9%, 38.7%, and 75.2%, respectively. Although locoregional control was similar between RT techniques, patients receiving IMRT had worse PFS and OS, and SCN metastases from the lower lobe primary tumor and CTV ! 300 cm3 were associated with worse OS. The incidence and severity of toxicities did not differ significantly between RT techniques. Conclusion IMRT could lead to similar locoregional control and toxicity, while encompassing a greater disease extent than 3D-CRT. The decision to apply IMRT should be made carefully after considering oncologic outcomes associated with greater disease extent and cost.

글로벌 자동차 기업의 특허포트폴리오에 관한 실증연구

박은영(Eun-young Park),윤혜선(Hye-sun Yoon),김태영(Tae-young Kim),오동률(Dong-ryul Oh),조근태(Keun-tae Jo) 한국기술혁신학회 2016 기술혁신학회지 Vol.19 No.2

기업들의 경쟁 환경이 세계시장으로 급속히 확대되고 있다. 이에 글로벌 자동차 기업을 대상으로 한 실증분석을 통해, 기업들의 국제적인 기술수준을 비교할 수 있는 특허포트폴리오 분석 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 1991년부터 2010년까지 20년간의 삼극특허를 이용하여 국제적 수준의 특허활동을 측정하였으며, 권리적, 기술적, 경제적 측면에서 특허품질을 측정하였다. 그 결과, 미국의 자동차기업인 Ford와 GM은 특허품질이 우수하고, 특허품질의 변화도 크게 증가한 잠재적 리더로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 삼극특허를 기준으로 국적이 다른 글로벌 기업들 간의 국제적인 특허활동을 측정하고, 권리적, 기술적, 경제적 측면에서의 종합적인 특허품질을 삼극특허에 기반하여 일관성 있게 분석하는 방법을 제시한 점에서 연구의 의의가 있다. The competition environment among companies is rapidly expanding into the world market. Therefore, this study intended to suggest an analysis method of patent portfolio that can compare an international technological capacity through empirical analysis on the global automobile companies. This study measured international patent activity using triadic patent data of 20 years from 1991 to 2010, and measured patent quality from legal, technological and economic aspects. As a result, Ford and GM, automobile companies of America, are analyzed to be the potential leaders with greatly increased patent quality. The significance of this study is in measuring international patent activities between global companies from different countries based on the triadic patent. And, this study suggested methods of analyzing patent quality consistently from legal, technological and economic aspects based on the triadic patent.

The Effect of Hospital Case Volume on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Multi-institutional Retrospective Analysis (KROG-1106)

하보람,조관호,문성호,이창걸,금기창,김연실,우홍균,김진호,안용찬,오동률,노재명,이종훈,김성환,김원택,오영택,강민규,김진희,김지윤,조문준,계철승,최진화 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.1

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hospital case volume on clinical outcomes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Materials and Methods Data on 1,073 patients with cT1-4N0-3M0 NPC were collected from a multi-institutional retrospective database (KROG 11-06). All patients received definitive radiotherapy (RT) either with three-dimensional-conformal RT (3D-CRT) (n=576) or intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) (n=497). The patients were divided into two groups treated at high volume institution (HVI) (n=750) and low volume institution (LVI) (n=323), defined as patient volume  10 (median, 13; range, 10 to 18) and < 10 patients per year (median, 3; range, 2 to 6), respectively. Endpoints were overall survival (OS) and loco-regional progression-free survival (LRPFS). Results At a median follow-up of 56.7 months, the outcomes were significantly better in those treated at HVI than at LVI. For the 614 patients of propensity score-matched cohort, 5-year OS and LRPFS were consistently higher in the HVI group than in the LVI group (OS: 78.4% vs. 62.7%, p < 0.001; LRPFS: 86.2% vs. 65.8%, p < 0.001, respectively). According to RT modality, significant difference in 5-year OS was observed in patients receiving 3D-CRT (78.7% for HVI vs. 58.9% for LVI, p < 0.001) and not in those receiving IMRT (77.3% for HVI vs. 75.5% for LVI, p=0.170). Conclusion A significant relationship was observed between HVI and LVI for the clinical outcomes of patients with NPC. However, the difference in outcome becomes insignificant in the IMRT era, probably due to the standardization of practice by education.