초등학교 아동의 체력과 사회·정의적 특성과의 관계

김용옥(Young Ok Kim),김우자(Woo Ja Kim),조경호(Kyung Ho Cho),김창현(Chang Hyun Kim),송춘현(Chun Hyun Song),강효영(Hyo Young Kang),김인수(In Soo Kim) 한국스포츠교육학회 1997 한국스포츠교육학회지 Vol.4 No.1

리기다소나무의 잎 추출액이 근단세포의 (根端細胞) 형태변화에 미치는 영향

김용옥(Yong Ok Kim),이호준(Ho Joon Lee),김은수(Eun Soo Kim),조영동(Young Dong Cho) 한국식물학회 1995 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.38 No.1

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고속 전방 3D 감시 소나를 위한 다채널 수신 알고리즘 및 보드 개발에 관한 연구

오영석(Young-Seock Oh),박승수(Seung-Su Park),김용옥(Yong-Ok Kim),박동진(Dong-Jin Park),이병용(Byung-yong Lee) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2010 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.4

고래와 선박의 충돌을 막기 위해 고안된 기존의 방법들이 큰 성과를 거두지 못하면서 전방감시소나(FLS; Forward Looking Sonar)시스템 개발의 중요성이 커지고 있다. 하지만 고속 전방 3차원 감시 소나를 구현하기 위한 기술력은 아직 부족한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 전방 3D 감시 소나를 위한 다채널 수신 알고리즘 및 보드 개발에 관한 연구를 진행하였다.

3D 감시 소나를 위한 소나 수신 데이터 취득 및 고속 전송 알고리즘 및 보드 개발에 관한 연구

오영석(Young-Seock Oh),박승수(Seung-Su Park),김용옥(Yong-Ok Kim),박동진(Dong-Jin Park),이병용(Byung-yong Lee) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2010 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.4

3차원 전방감시소나(FLS; Forward Looking Sonar)의 구현은 최근 빈번하게 일어나는 쾌속선과 고래의 충돌사고를 막기 위해 필수적인 사안이다. 현재 일본을 포함한 몇몇 국가에서 연구에 착수하고 있으며 우리나라에서도 국내의 기술력을 바탕으로 FLS 시스템을 개발하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 3D 감시 소나를 위한 소나 수신데이터 취득 및 고속 전송 알고리즘과 보드 개발에 관한 연구를 진행하였다.

선행제왕절개임부의 반복수술시 근막상 종절개방법의 효과

임채춘(Chae Chun Rhim),김용옥(Yong Ok Kim),박기영(Ki Young PARK),상미란(Mi Tan Sang),유순원(Soon Won Ryu),김진홍(Jin Hong Kim) 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.9

목적 : 본 연구는 반복제왕절개술시 복부 반월형 횡절개후 새로운 술기인 근막상 종절개술(Vertical incision on fascia) 을 비교하여 수술부위의 동통강도와 감각회복기간 및 재원기간에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 1997년 1월 1일부터 동년 8월 31일 까지 가톨릭대학교 의과대학부속 성모병원에서 반복제왕절개술을 받은 산모들중 최초의 수술반흔이 복부 반월형 횡절개술(Pfannenstiel skin incision)로 시행받은 200명을 대상으로, 근막상 종절개술과 근막상 횡절개술로 수술한 산모를 각각 100명씩 선정한 후 이를 비교군과 대조군으로 나눈 뒤 설문조사를 시행하였다. 설문은 전화문의 및 입원기록을 병행하였다. 결과 : 수술 후 1병일 동통의 강도는 근막상 종절개술이 근막하 횡절개술보다 낮게 나타났다. (p<0.032) 제왕절개술후 수술부위 감각의 회복기간은 1개월이내 및 3개월이내에서 근막상 종절개술이 근막상 횡절개술보다 더 빨리 회복되는 것으로 나타났으며(p<0.0001), 수술후 평균 재원일수는 근막상 종절개술의 경우가 근막상 횡절개술보다 짧은 것으로 나타났다. (p<0.05) 결론 : 반복 제왕절개수술시 제12번 흉곽신경의 외측 피부가지신경, 음부대퇴신경 및 장골서혜신 경의 손상을 최소화함으로써, 수술후 동통의 감소 ,수술부위 감각회복기간의 단축 및 평균 재원기간의 단축에 근막상 종절개술(Vertical incision on fascia)이 근막상 횡절개술(Transverse incision on fascia) 보다 유의하게 우수한 것으로 나타난 바, 미용적효과와 수술후 산모의 만족도를 증진시킬 수 있는 근막상 종절개술기의 도입을 고려해볼 필요가 있다고 생각된다. Objective : Our purpose was to minimize the nerve and muscle injury during operation and to compare the strength of pain and sensory recovery intervals between vertical and transverse incision on fascia after Pfannenstiel skin incision in repeated cesarean section. Method : Two hundred women delivered by cesarean section from January 1st,1997. to August 31st, 1997. at St. Mary's Hospital were selected. They were divided into two groups. Each group was composed of one hundred women, respectively. One was vertical incision on fascia and the other was transverse incision on fascia. All of their initial skin scars were caused by Pfannenstiel approach and the cases of infraumbilical midline skin incision were excluded.Results : The strength of pain at postoperative first day (POD#1) was significantly diminished in vertical incision on fascia than in transverse incision on fascia(p<0.032). The sensory recovery intervals and mean hospitalization periods were significantly shortened in vertical incision than transverse incision on fascia(p<0.001 and p<0.05 respectively). Conclusion : The vertical incision on fascia after Pfannenstiel skin incision was significantly beneficial to repeated cesarean section delivery by diminishing the strength of pain, minimizing abdominal muscle injury, shortening the sensory recovery intervals and mean hospitalization periods. So it is the time that the introduction of new method-vertical incision on fascia after Pfannenstiel skin incision - that not only provides cosmetic effects but also improves the satisfaction of patients after operation will be taken into consideration.

광양만 해역 퇴적물중 PAHs 오염 특성

조현서(Hyeon-Seo Cho),유영석(Young-Seok You),김용옥(Yong-Ok Kim) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2004 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

PAHs(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) are widespread contaminants in the marine environment. They are of mainly anthropogenic origin from urban runoff, oil spill and combustion of fossil fuels. Some PAHs are potentially carcinogenic and mutagenic to aquatic organism. The surface sediments core sediments were collected at 12 stations with gravity corer from May, 1998 to July, 1999. PAHs were detected at all of the surface and core sediments. Total PAHs concentrations in the surface sediments ranged from 171.40 to 1013.54㎍/㎏ dry wt.. Almost of the surface sediments, naphthalene was the highest in the range of 14.08 to 691.39㎍/㎏ dry wt. and anthracene was the lowest in the range of 0.49 to 22.66㎍/㎏ dry wt. Total PAHs concentrations in the core sediments ranged from 275.04 to 2838.62㎍/㎏ dry wt.. Naphthalene was the highest concentration in the range of 40.60 to 2294.06㎍/㎏ dry wt. and anthracene was the lowest concentration(2.63-11.30㎍/㎏ dry wt.). Most of the PAHs profiles in the outer site of Gwangyang bay showed lower concentrations and fluctuations than the inner bay. The correlation coefficients between individual PAHs and Total PAHs in the surface and core sediments were relatively higher in the low molecular compounds such as naphthalene, acenaphthylene and phenanthrene. In the relationship of the P/A(Phenanthrene/Anthracene) ratio and F/P(Fluoranthene/Pyrene) ratio, P/A ratio was generally above 10 and F/P ratio was displayed to above 1 in all sediment samples. These data indicate that PAHs in sediments around Kwangyang bay seem to be of both pyrolytic and petrogenic origin.

Black Stem이 팽화주맥 및 제품담배의 품질에 미치는 영향

양진철,김대영,노재성,한정호,정한주,김용하,김용옥,Yang, Jin-Chul,Kim, Dae-Young,No, Jae-Seong,Han, Jung-Ho,Chung, Han-Ju,Kim, Yong-Ha,Kim, Yong-Ok 한국연초학회 2010 한국연초학회지 Vol.32 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the influence of stem materials such as black stem on the quality of expended stem and cigarettes. Normal and black stem were separated by tobacco scan and then, those stems were expanded after treating with their respective stem casings. Total sugar, ether extract, ash contents and pH were slightly low in black stem compared with normal stem. However, the number of bacteria and fungi ratio were remarkably higher in black stem than that of normal stem. As compared with normal stems, ratio of rushed stem in rolled process was approximately 2 times higher in black stem with the consequency that the filling capacity of black stem was decreased. The ratio of large particles (> 3.35 mm) of expanded black stem showed decreasing tendency and small particles rate (1.40 mm <) was increased compared with normal stem. When expanded stems were prepared using stem containing 5 levels (0, 10, 20, 30 and 100 %) of black stem, the filling capacity was decreased and static burning rate was significantly decreased with increasing expanded black stem rate. However, the weight and hardness of cigarettes were slightly increased with increasing expanded black stem rate. The contents of phenol compounds, aromatic amines and carbonyl compounds in the cigarette mainstream smoke from the cigarette which was manufactured with various ratio of expended black stem, were gradually increased with increasing expanded black stem rates. Also, the cytotoxicity and the mutagenicity of the TPM were significantly increased with increasing expanded black stem rate. The sensory test result showed that cigarettes blended with 10 and 30 % level of black stem rate was exhibited significantly high sensory attributions such as off-taste, impact, hotness, bitterness and irritation as compared with cigarette blended with normal stem, while smoke fullness and cleanness were slightly decreased with increasing expanded black stem rates. The number of brown spots on cigarettes paper was 2 to 3 times high in cigarettes containing black stem than that of cigarette made from normal stem and were high with increasing black stem rate. The overall assessment in this study suggest, that black stem should not be used because of bad quality of expanded stem and high toxicological activity of cigarette mainstream smoke.

칠철봉 신갈나무(Quercus mongolica)림의 군락구조와 토양환경

이호준 ( Ho Joon Lee ),배병호 ( Bymg Ho Bae ),전영분 ( Young Moon Chun ),정홍락 ( Heung Lak Chung ),홍문표 ( Moon Pyo Hong ),김용옥 ( Yong Ok Kim ),길지현 ( Ji Hyun Kil ) 건국대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 理學論集 Vol.23 No.-

칠절봉 신갈나무림의 군락구조와 토양환경과의 관계를 파악하기 위해 식물사회학적 조사와도양환경을 분석하였다. 조사지역의 신갈나무림은 신갈나무군락, 철쭉꽃하위군, 큰개별꽃하위군으로 구분되었으며, 철쭉꽃하위군과 큰개별꽃하위군에서의 방형구당 평균출현종수는 각각 30종(24~46종), 43종(31~52)종 이었다. 피복지수치에 의한 계층별 우점순위는 교목층에서 신갈나무(6750.0), 아교목충에서 당단풍(2364.0), 관목픙에서 철쭉꽃(988.5), 초본층에서 쌀새(1040.5)가 가장 높게 나타났다. 신갈나무림의 DBH 분포는 2~10cm 범위의 소경목이 전체의 29.7%를 차지하였으며 전체적으로 정규분 포를 나타내어 교한 후 재생과정에 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 후계목의 발달로 인한 극상상태로의 천이가 가능할 것으로 조사되었다. 전반적인 토양환경은 두 하위군 간에 뚜렷한 차이가 없었으며, 큰개별꽃하위군이 철쭉꽃하위군에 비하여 다소 양호한 것으로 조사되었다. 환경구배분석에서 까치박달, 물푸레나무, 함박꽃나무 등은 습한 곳에 분포하고 철쭉꽃, 전나무, 국수나무 등은 건조한 곳에 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. A relationship between the community structure composition and soil environmental factors of the Quercus mongolica forest on Mt. Chiljelbong was investigated from June 1996 to August 1997. The Q. mongolica community was classified into two subcommunity of Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Pseudostellaria palibiniana. The 30(24-46) species per quadrat were appeared in R. schlippenbachii subcommunity and 43(31-52) species in P palibiniana subcommunity. The dominant sequences on each stratum determined by the coverage index showed that Q. mongoliica was the most dominant in tree-1layer with 6750.0, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum in tree-2 layer with 2364.0, R. schlippenbachii in shrub layer with 988.5, and Melica onoei in herb layer with 1040.5 value. The value of diameter breast height(DBH) showed a normal distribution displaying a highest value in the range of 2~ 10cm(29.7%) in Q. mongolica forest and it was investigated being at restoration phase after disturbance. It also was investigated that the succession to climax state would be possible due to growth of successive tree. Overall, which the soil conditions make little difference between two subcommunities, P. palibiniana subcommunity was favorable than those of R, schlippenbachii subcommunity. It was shown that in an environmental gradient analysis, Carpinus cordata, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, and Magnolia sieboldii were distributed in a mesic area, but R. schlippenbachii, Abies holophylla, and Stepanandra incisa in a xeric area.

Cisplatin과 Paclitaxel (Taxol)의 투여순서가 NIHOVCAR-3 세포주의 세포주기와 세포사에 미치는 영향

김용옥,유영옥,김수평,조현희,박철훈,박기영,류기성,나종구,한구택 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.1

목적 : 난소암 세포주에 cisplatin과 taxol을 병합 투여하는 경우에 투여 순서에 따른 세포주기 교란과 apoptosis의 발생 및 세포독성의 차이를 관찰함으로써 항암 효과를 향상시킬 수 있는 투여 순서를 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : RPMI 1640으로 배양한 NIHOVCAR-3 세포주에 30㎍/㎖ 의 cisplatin을 먼저 투여 후 1시간 배양하고 이어서 100nM의 taxol을 투여하고 24시간 동안 배양한 A군과, 반대로 100 nM의 taxol을 투여하고 24시간 동안 배양한 후 이어서 30㎍/㎖의 cisplatin을 투여 후 1시간 배양한 B군으로 나누어 실험을 진행하였다. A군과 B군에서 각각 투여 전부터 98시간까지 계획된 시간에 각각의 flask들로부터 세포들을 수확하여 propidium iodide로 DNA를 염색한 후 flow cytometry를 이용하여 세포주기 분기의 변화, apoptosis 및 좌멸세포 (cellular debris)의 출현 정도를 관찰하였으며, 이와 동시에 trypan blue에 의한 염색으로 사멸세포(dead cell)의 백분율을 구하였다. 결과 : Cisplatin을 taxol보다 먼저 투여한 경우에는 초기에는 세포들이 cisplatin에 의해 주로 S 분기에 정지된 후 이어서 taxol에 의해 G2M 분기에 정지되었으며, 반면 taxol을 cisplatin보다 먼저 투여한 경우에는 대부분의 세포들이 S 분기에 정지되지 않고 G2M 분기에 정지되었다. Apoptotic peak은 cisplatin을 먼저 투여한 경우 보다 taxol을 먼저 투여한 경우에 조기에 출현하였으며 장시간에 걸쳐서 지속적으로 관찰되었다. 좌멸세포의 백분율도 taxol을 먼저 투여한 경우가 cisplatin을 먼저 투여한 경우에 비하여 증가되었다. 결론 : cisplatin과 taxol의 병합투여시에 taxol을 cisplatin보다 먼저 투여하는 것이 항암효과의 향상을 이룩할 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다. The overt effects of the anticancer drugs such as cisplatin and taxol appear to be DNA modification and microtubule stabilization respectively. But the mechanism by which these drugs affect tumor cell cycle perturbation and their correlation to apoptosis and cytotoxicity are not well understood, especially in combined sequential treatment of cisplatin and paclitaxel (taxol). In this study, to elucidate the action mechanisms as a function of cell cycle changes and cytotoxicities and to determine the adequate treatment sequence of cisplatin and taxol to acquire more enhanced cytotoxic effects when they are combined, we evaluated the cell cycle perturbations and its correlation to cytotoxic effects, which is measured by the extents of apoptosis and the fractions of cellular debris and live cells after combination treatment of cisplatin and taxol changing their treatment sequences in NIHOVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cell line. Our results were as follows; (1) The accumulation in S phase inhibited the entrance of tumor cells to G2M phase when the cisplatin treatment was preceded to taxol in their combination. (2) The tumor cells were not accumulated in S phase but most of them entered to and accumulated in G2M phase and they were leading to cell death when the taxol treatment was preceded to cisplatin in their combination. (3) Apoptotic peaks in taxol pretreatment group were detected earlier and persisted longer than that of cisplatin pretreatment group. (4) The cytotoxicities represented by the decreased fractions of live cells and the increased fractions of cellular debris were higher in taxol pretreatment group than those of cisplatin pretreatment group. These results suggested that the taxol pretreatment is more effective in combination of cisplatin and taxol and the relative decrease in the cytotoxicity in cisplatin pretreatment group was considered to be derived from the inhibition of entrance of tumor cells to G2M and protected them from the action by taxol. From these results, we concluded that the taxol pretreatment will enhance the cytotoxic effects to tumor cells when cisplatin and taxol will be administered and it indicates that correlations between cell cycle perturbation, apoptosis and cell death have to be considered in the future combination treatment of other drugs and in the development of new treatment regimens.

칠절봉 신갈나무(Quercus mongolica)림의 군락구조와 토양환경

이호준,배병호,전영문,정흥락,홍문표,김용옥,길지현 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 1998 理學論集 Vol.23 No.-

칠절봉 신갈나무림의 군락구조와 토양환경과의 관계를 파악하기 위해 식물사회학적 조사와 토양 환경을 분석하였다. 조사지역의 신갈나무림은 신갈나무군락, 철쭉꽃하위군, 큰개별꽃하위군으로 구분되었으며, 철쭉꽃하위군과 큰개별꽃하위군에서의 방형구당 평균출현종수는 각각 30종(24∼46종), 43종(31∼52종) 이었다. 피복지수치에 의한 계층별 우점순위는 교목층에서 신갈나무(6750.0), 아교목층에서 당단풍(2364.0) 관목층에서 철쭉꽃(988.5), 초본층에서 쌀새(1040.5)가 가장 높게 나타났다. 신갈 나무림의 DBH 분포는 2∼10㎝ 범위의 소경목이 전체의 29.7%를 차지하였으며 전체적으로 정규분포를 나타내어 교란 후 재생과정에 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 후계목의 발달로 인한 극상상태로의 천이가 가능할 것으로 조사되었다. 전반적인 토양환경은 두 하위군 간에 뚜렷한 차이가 없었으며, 큰개별꽃하위군이 철쭉꽃하위군에 비하여 다소 양호한 것으로 조사되었다. 환경구배분석에서 까치박달, 물푸레나무, 함박꽃나무 등은 습한 곳에 분포하고 철쭉꽃, 전나무, 국수나무 등은 건조한 곳에 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. A relationship between the community structure composition and soil environmental factors of the Quercus mongolica forest on Mt. Chiljelbong was investigated from June 1996 to August 1997. The Q. mongolica community was classified into two subcommunity of Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Pseudostellaria palibiniana. The 30(24-46) species per quadrat were appeared in R. schlippenbachii subcommunity and 43(31-52)species in P. palibiniana subcommunity. The dominant sequences on each stratum determined by the coverage index showed that Q. mongolica was the most dominant in tree-1 layer with 6750.0, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum in tree-2 layer with 2364.0, R. schlippenbachii in shrub layer with 988.5, and Melica onoei in herb layer with 1040.5 value. The value of diameter breast height(DBH) showed a normal distribution displaying a highest value in the range of 2∼10㎝(29.7%) in Q. mongolica forest and it was investigated being at restoration phase after disturbance. It also was investigated that the succession to climax state would be possible due to growth of successive tree. Overall, which the soil conditions make little difference between two subcommunities, P. palibiniana subcommunity was favorable than those of R. schlippenbachii subcommunity. It was shown that in an environmental gradient analysis, Carpinus cordata, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, and Magnolia sieboldii were distributed in a mesic area, but R. schlippenbachii, Abies holophylla, and Stepanandra incisa in a xeric area.