논문 : 도시 상업 공간 구조에 대한 차별화된 성별 이용 패턴 분석 -신촌 및 이화여대 상업 지구를 사례로-

신정엽 ( Jung Yeop Shin ),이건학 ( Gun Hak Lee ),김진영 ( Jean Young Kim ) 한국도시지리학회 2014 한국도시지리학회지 Vol.17 No.1

도시 상업 공간은 성별에 따라 차별화된 특성을 가지며, 다양한 활용이 이루어진다. 그런데, 성별에 따른 도시 상업 공간의 특성 이해의 중요성에도 불구하고, 미시적 스케일에서 실증적 분석 연구가 제대로 이루어지지 못한 실정이다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구는 성별에 따른 도시 상업 공간의 탐색을 실증적으로 수행하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서울시 신촌 지역과 이화여대 상업 지구를 대상으로, 건물의 투수성, 업종 분포와 공간 조직, 토지이용의 활용도를 중심으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 성별에 따라 남성 중심 업종은 주로 신촌 지역에, 여성 중심 업종은 이화여대 지역에 공간적으로 클러스터되어 있으며, 두 지구의 업종 분포의 차이는 성별에 따른 사회적 활동과 의미와 관련되어 있음을 확인하였다. Urban commercial space has differentiated characteristics by gender, and a variety of urban activities are performed in that space. Notwithstanding the importance of understanding characteristics of urban commercial space by gender, there had been little research in both empirical and quantitative ways. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to explore the urban commercial space by gender quantitatively. For empirical analysis, Shin-chon and Ewha Womans University areas were analyzed in terms of building transparency, spatial distribution of business and spatial structure, and land use. From the results of the analysis, we could find that the business domain for males is mainly spatially clustered in Shin-chon area, while the business domain for females dominates Ewha Womans University area in a spatially clustered form. Furthermore, significant differences of the land use pattern between two areas are likely to be related with social activities by gender.

8.3% Carbamide Peroxide 함유 펜 형 자가미백제인 BIancTis Forte의 색조개선 및 안전성에 관한 임상연구

이진경,민선홍,홍성태,오소람,정신혜,황영혜,유성엽,배광식,백승호,이우철,손원준,금기연 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.2

This clinical study evaluated the whitening effect and safety of polymer based-pen type BlancTis Forte(NIBEC) containing 8.3% carbamide peroxide. Twenty volunteers used the BlancTis Forte whitening agent for 2 hours twice a day for 4 weeks As a control. Whitening Effect Pen (LG) containing 3% hydrogen peroxide was used by 20 volunteers using the same protocol. The change in shade (ΔE^(*) color difference) was measured using Shadepilot™ (DeguDent) before, during and after bleaching (2 weeks, 4 weeks and postbleaching 4 weeks). A clinical examination for any side effects (tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications) was also performed at each check-up. The following results were obtained. 1 Both the experimental and control groups displayed a noticeable change in shade (ΔE) of over 2 No significant differences were found between the two group (p>0.05) implying that the two agents have a similar whitening effect. 2 The whitening effect was mainly due to changes in a and b values rather than in L value (brightness). The experimental group showed a significantly higher change in b value thus yellow shade than the control(p < 0.05) 3 None of the participants complained of tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications confirming the safety of both whitening agents 8.3%의 carbamide peroxide를 함유한 펜형 코팅용 미백제인 BlancTis Forte (NIBEC, Seosul & JinCheon)를 실험군으로, 3% hydrogen peroxide를 함유한글 Whitening Effect Pen (LG. Seoul) 제재를 대조군으로 각각 피험자 20명에게 2시간씩 1일 2회 제조사의 지시대로 치아표면에 4주간 적용하도록 지시하고 색조개선 효능과 안전성을 평가하였다. 미백 효과는 미백 전 및 미백 2주, 4주 및 미백 종료 4주 후에 Shadopilot™을 이용하여 색 변화를 측정하였고, 매 내원시기마다 모든 환자는 치수생활력 검사와 치주 및 치태 검사를 통해 부작용 여부 (치아과민증 및 구감 내 연조직의 부작용)를 기록한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.실험군 및 대조군의 색 변화량 (ΔE)은 2이상으로 인지할 수 있는 색 변화를 보였으며, 두 제품 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않아 (p > 0.05) 유사한 미백효능을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 2,미백효과는 명도의 개선보다는 주로 a. b값의 변화에 의한 것으로 특히 실험군에서 b값의 변화, 즉 황색조의 개선효과가 대조군에 비해 유의성 있게 높은 것으로 나타났다 (p <0.05). 3.치아나 치은의 과민증이나 이상증상을 호소하는 피험자는 없어 두 제품 모두 안전성을 확인할 수 있었다.

국가예방접종전산등록체계 개발을 위한 민간의료 기관 하부구조 및 환경 조사연구

이무식,김은영,이건세,이석구,홍지영,김건엽,김대경,신의철,이연경,기몽서,나백주,김영택 한국모자보건학회 2003 한국모자보건학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Impact of cytokine gene polymorphisms on risk and treatment outcomes of aplastic anemia

Lee, Yun-Gyoo,Kim, Inho,Kim, Jin Hee,Bae, Ji-Yeon,Kwon, Ji-Hyun,Shin, Dong-Yeop,Lee, Jong-Eun,Song, Eun Young,Kim, Hyun Kyoung,Yoon, Sung-Soo,Park, Sung Sup,Lee, Dong Soon,Han, Kyou-Sup,Park, Myoung H Springer-Verlag 2011 Annals of hematology Vol.90 No.5

Distinct Features of Nonthyroidal Illness in Critically Ill Patients With Infectious Diseases

Lee, Woo Kyung,Hwang, Sena,Kim, Daham,Lee, Seul Gi,Jeong, Seonhyang,Seol, Mi-Youn,Kim, Hyunji,Ku, Cheol Ryong,Shin, Dong Yeop,Chung, Woong Youn,Lee, Eun Jig,Lee, Jandee,Jo, Young Suk Wolters Kluwer Health 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.14

<▼1><P>Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Nonthyroidal illness (NTI), often observed in critically ill patients, arises through diverse alterations in the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. However, the causal relationship between underlying disease and NTI diversity in critically ill patients is poorly understood.</P><P>The aim of this study was to examine NTI severity and adverse outcomes in critically ill patients with respect to their underlying disease(s).</P><P>The medical records of 616 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between January 2009 and October 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with known diseases or taking medications that affect thyroid function were excluded. All-cause mortality (ACM) and length of stay (LOS) in the ICU were assessed as adverse outcomes.</P><P>The enrolled patients (n = 213) were divided into the following 4 groups according to the severity of NTI at the nadir of their thyroid function test (TFT): normal (n = 11, 5.2%), mild NTI (n = 113, 53.1%), moderate NTI (n = 78, 36.6%), and severe NTI (n = 11, 5.2%). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age and gender. NTI severity showed a significantly strong association with ACM (<I>P</I> < 0.0001) and a significant positive association with LOS in the ICU (<I>P</I> = 0.031). After adjusting for age, gender, and current medications affecting TFT, increasing NTI severity led to increased ACM (odds ratio = 3.101; 95% confidence interval = 1.711–5.618; <I>P</I> < 0.0001). Notably, the prevalence of moderate-to-severe NTI was markedly higher in patients with infectious disease than in those with noninfectious disease (<I>P</I> = 0.012). Consistent with this, serum C-reactive protein levels were higher in patients with moderate-to-severe NTI (<I>P</I> = 0.016).</P><P>NTI severity is associated with increased ACM, LOS, and underlying infectious disease. Future studies will focus on the biological and clinical implications of infectious disease on the HPT axis.</P></▼2>

Effectiveness of pharmacopuncture for cervical spondylosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lee, Sungyub,Shin, Joon-Shik,Lee, Jinho,Ha, In-Hyuk,Kim, Me-riong,Koh, Wonil,Lee, Sook-Hyun,Kim, Seoyoun,Cha, Yun-Yeop,Lee, Jun-Hwan,Jang, Bo-Hyoung,Lee, Yoon Jae ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. 2018 European journal of integrative medicine Vol.20 No.-

Genomic characterization of extensively drug-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> strain, KAB03 belonging to ST451 from Korea

Lee, Sang-Yeop,Oh, Man Hwan,Yun, Sung Ho,Choi, Chi-Won,Park, Edmond Changkyun,Song, Hyun Seok,Lee, Hayoung,Yi, Yoon-Sun,Shin, Juhyun,Chung, Chaeuk,Moon, Jae Young,Lee, Je Chul,Kim, Gun-Hwa,Kim, Seung Elsevier 2018 INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION Vol.65 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) <I>Acinetobacter baumannii</I> strains have emerged rapidly worldwide. The antibiotic resistance characteristics of XDR <I>A. baumannii</I> strains show regional differences; therefore, it is necessary to analyze both genomic and proteomic characteristics of emerging XDR <I>A. baumannii</I> clinical strains isolated in Korea to elucidate their multidrug resistance. Here, we isolated new sequence type of XDR <I>A. baumannii</I> clinical strain (KAB03) from Korean hospitals and performed comprehensive genome analyses. The strain belongs to new sequence type, ST451. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis with other types of <I>A. baumannii</I> strains revealed that KAB03 has unique SNP pattern in the regions of <I>gyrB</I> and <I>gpi</I> of MLST profiles. <I>A. baumannii</I> KAB03 harbours three antibiotic resistance islands (AbGRI1, 2, and 3). AbGRI1 harbours two copies of Tn<I>2006</I> containing <I>bla</I> <SUB>OXA-23</SUB>, which play an important role in antibiotic resistance. AbGRI2 possesses aminoglycoside resistant gene <I>aph(3′)-Ic</I> and class A β-lactamase <I>bla</I> <SUB>TEM</SUB>. AbGIR3 has macrolide resistant genes and aminoglycoside resistant gene <I>armA</I>. <I>A. baumannii</I> KAB03 harbours mutations in <I>pmrB</I> and <I>pmrC</I>, which are believed to confer colistin resistance. In addition, proteomic and transcriptional analysis of KAB03 confirmed that β-lactamases (ADC-73 and OXA-23), Ade efflux pumps (AdeIJK), outer membrane proteins (OmpA and OmpW), and colistin resistance genes (PmrCAB) were major proteins responsible for antibiotic resistance. Our proteogenomic results provide valuable information for multi-drug resistance in emerging XDR <I>A. baumannii</I> strains belonging to ST451.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Whole genome of an XDR <I>A. baumannii</I> KAB03 belonging to ST451, isolated in South Korea, was analyzed </LI> <LI> <I>A.s baumannii</I> strains belonging to ST451 have unique SNP pattern in the regions of <I>gyrB</I> and <I>gpi</I> of MLST profiles </LI> <LI> Antibiotic resistance proteins of <I>A. baumannii</I> KAB03 were suggested by proteomic and transcriptomic analysis </LI> </UL> </P>

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Elderly Patients: A Single Institution`s Experience

( Dong Yeop Shin ),( In Ho Kim ),( Ki Hwan Kim ),( You Nak Choi ),( Seung Hoon Beom ),( Yae Won Yang ),( Yoo Joo Lim ),( Eun Young Lee ),( June Koo Lee ),( Ji Yeon Kim ),( Hyun Kyung Kim ),( Sung Soo 대한내과학회 2011 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.26 No.3

Background/Aims: We investigated the clinical characteristics and prognosis of elderly patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods: We reviewed the clinical data, laboratory findings, bone marrow findings, and cytogenetic analysis of elderly patients (≥ 60 years) with ALL, and data of an additional 101 younger adult patients (< 60 years) with ALL were reviewed for comparison. Results: Twenty-six elderly patients (≥ 60 years) and 101 younger adult patients (< 60 years) with ALL were retrospectively enrolled. The median follow-up duration was 6.0 months (range, 0.4 to 113.2) in the elderly patients and 21.7 months (range, 1.0 to 122.7) in the adult patients. In total, 34.6% (9 patients) of the elderly patients and 24.8% (25 patients) of the adult patients had Philadelphia chromosome positive ALL. The overall complete remission (CR) rate was much higher in the younger than in the elderly patients (94.1% vs. 57.7%, p < 0.001). The median overall survival (OS) of the younger patients (< 60 years) was 26.3 months, whereas that of the elderly patients (≥ 60 years) was 10.3 months (p = 0.003). In the elderly patients with ALL, T cell lineage and the presence of lymphadenopathy were significant prognostic factors for OS in a univariate analysis (p = 0.033 and 0.041, respectively). Conclusions: The outcomes of Korean elderly patients with ALL were poor, and the shorter OS was mainly due to the low CR rate. T-cell lineage and the presence of lymphadenopathy were significant prognostic factors in Korean elderly patients with ALL.

LT, Others : O-072 ; Host injury in acute viral hepatitis is attributed to cytotoxic T lymphocytes not specific to the infecting virus

( Dong Yeop Chang ),( Hyun Woong Lee ),( Won Seok Kang ),( Young Jun Koh ),( Jino Lee ),( So Youn Shin ),( Soo Seong You ),( Yoon Seok Choi ),( Ji Hye Kim ),( In Soo Oh ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Kyung Suk S 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1

Background/Aims: During viral infection, tissue damage is caused not only by direct cytopathic effects of virus but also by host immune responses. We investigated activation status and functions of CD8+ T cells and the mechanism of CD8+ T cell-mediated host injury in acute hepatitis A (AHA), which is caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection and manifested by severe liver injury in adults. Methods: The study population was AHA-diagnosed 56 patients, hospitalized in Chung-Ang University Hospital. All patients were seropositive for anti-HAV IgM and had clinical and laboratory features of acute hepatitis. The whole blood and serum were obtained, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll density-gradient centrifugation and cryopreserved. Direct ex vivo IFN-γ ELISpot assay of peripheral blood lymphocytes was performed by stimulating them with overlapping peptides for HAV VP2 and 3C proteins in order to assess comprehensively HAV-specific IFN-γ response. Results: Total IFN-γ response against VP2 and 3C did not show positive correlation to serum ALT level, corroborating that the liver injury of AHA is not associated with HAV-specific T cell response. Activation of unrelated virus-specific CD8+ T cells significantly correlated with the percentage of CD38+HLA-DR+ cells in total CD8+ T cells, which was a correlate of the liver injury. In a prospective analysis, the percentage of CD38+ HLA-DR+ cells in total CD8+ T cells or that in unrelated virusspecific CD8+ T cells decreased along with the decrease in serum ALT level at the time of discharge, but that in HAVspecific CD8+ T cell population did not. Conclusions: We demonstrate that unrelated virus-specific CD8+ T cells, which are not specific to HAV, are activated and proliferating in AHA, the severity of liver injury correlates with the activation of non-HAV-specific CD8+ T cells, not to that of HAV-specific T cells.

LT, Other : O-072 ; Host injury in acute viral hepatitis is attributed to cytotoxic T lymphocytes not specific to the infecting virus

( Dong Yeop Chang ),( Hyun Woong Lee ),( Won Seok Kang ),( Young Jun Koh ),( Jino Lee ),( So Youn Shin ),( Soo Seong You ),( Yoon Seok Choi ),( Ji Hye Kim ),( In Soo Oh ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Kyung Suk S 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.-

Background/Aims: During viral infection, tissue damage is caused not only by direct cytopathic effects of virus but also by host immune responses. We investigated activation status and functions of CD8+ T cells and the mechanism of CD8+ T cell-mediated host injury in acute hepatitis A (AHA), which is caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection and manifested by severe liver injury in adults. Methods: The study population was AHA-diagnosed 56 patients, hospitalized in Chung-Ang University Hospital. All patients were seropositive for anti-HAV IgM and had clinical and laboratory features of acute hepatitis. The whole blood and serum were obtained, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll density-gradient centrifugation and cryopreserved. Direct ex vivo IFN-γ ELISpot assay of peripheral blood lymphocytes was performed by stimulating them with overlapping peptides for HAV VP2 and 3C proteins in order to assess comprehensively HAV-specific IFN-γ response. Results: Total IFN-γ response against VP2 and 3C did not show positive correlation to serum ALT level, corroborating that the liver injury of AHA is not associated with HAV-specific T cell response. Activation of unrelated virus-specific CD8+ T cells significantly correlated with the percentage of CD38+HLA-DR+ cells in total CD8+ T cells, which was a correlate of the liver injury. In a prospective analysis, the percentage of CD38+ HLA-DR+ cells in total CD8+ T cells or that in unrelated virusspecific CD8+ T cells decreased along with the decrease in serum ALT level at the time of discharge, but that in HAVspecific CD8+ T cell population did not. Conclusions: We demonstrate that unrelated virus-specific CD8+ T cells, which are not specific to HAV, are activated and proliferating in AHA, the severity of liver injury correlates with the activation of non-HAV-specific CD8+ T cells, not to that of HAV-specific T cells.