토양칼럼을 이용한 초기우수 중 염양염류의 수변녹지 토양에서의 제거도 평가

윤석표,최지용 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.3

To investigate removal effects of nutrients in stormwater runoff by soil of riparian protection zone, soil column experiment was conducted for 20 months. Artificial stormwater runoff containing phosphate and nitrate was applied on the surface of soil column twice a week, and phosphate and nitrate concentrations were measured from the leached water. Soil of riparian protection zone reduced the released amount of infiltrated water to the surrounding water. After infiltration of 1m depth of soil column, average removal rates of phosphate and nitrate were 97.7% and 74.7%, respectively. As main mechanisms of phosphate are adsorption to soil particle and utilization by plants, periodical replacement of soil and harvesting of plant at the end of growing season are required. For the removal of nutrients in stormwater runoff by the soil layer, soil of riparian protection zone has higher hydraulic conductivity to infiltrate stormwater. Sandy soil having hydraulic conductivity of about 1?0^(-2)㎝/s range might be appropriate for this purpose.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

상수도 배관의 부식감지시스템 개발 (Ⅰ)

최윤석,김정구 대한금속재료학회 2003 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.41 No.10

In order to develop a new corrosion sensor for detecting and monitoring the corrosion of buried pipeline, sensor element design and the correlation of its output to corrosion rate of steel pipe itself were evaluated by laboratory test methods in synthetic groundwater. It uses well-known principles of galvanic corrosion and consists of two dissimilar metals (anode and cathode) installed on the buried pipeline. In this paper, two types of electrochemical probes were used: galvanic cells containing pipeline steel (CS)-copper (Cu) and pipeline steel (CS)-type 304 stainless steel (SS) couples. The corrosion behavior in synthetic groundwater for the different electrodes was investigated by potentiodynamic test. The galvanic corrosion test was accomplished by a zero resistance ammeter technique. Weight loss measurements were conducted to obtain the corrosion rates of pipeline steel in synthetic groundwater. The correlation between galvanic current and corrosion rate was obtained by galvanic current measurement and corrosion rate measurements. The results of the potentiodynamic test indicated that copper exhibited an active corrosion behavior, while stainless steel demonstrated spontaneous passivation. In galvanic corrosion tests, the galvanic current of copper-steel couple was higher than that of other couple. The comparison of the sensor output and corrosion rate revealed that a linear relationship was found between the probe current and the corrosion rate. Especially, a better linear quantitative relationship was found between the Cu-CS probe current and the weight loss data of the pipeline steel coupons. In addition, the Cu-CS probe is more suitable for high resistance soil than SS-CS probe, due to the high current output.

Neuropathic Pain의 동물모델에서 유발된 Thermal Hyperalgesia에 대한 Clonidine의 효과

윤석화,오세철,최세진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.2

The effects of intraperitoneal injection(i.p.) of the alpha 2 adrenal receptive agonist, clonidine on the thermal hyperalgesia produced by unilateral patially tight ligation of the sciatic nerve was studied in rats. First in the preoperative and postoperative Mays, paw withdrawal latency of both hind paw(lesioned,unlesioned) with heat stimulant was tested. After that, each groups of rats injected saline, clonidine 10㎍/kg, or clonidine 50㎍/kg. I.p.10㎍/kg and 50㎍/kg clonidine, paw withdrawal latency of lesioned side significantly reduced than saline group. It is suggested systemical clonidine may be useful in treating neuropathic pain in humans.

경사각에 따른 자리 진동 히트파이프의 열전달특성에 관한 연구

최재혁,윤두호,윤석훈 한국해양대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 연구논문집 Vol.19 No.-

In this paper, heat transfer characteristics of a self-oscillating heat pipe were experimentally investigated for the effect of inclination angle and heat loads. This type of heat pipe consists of a heating section, a cooling section and an adiabatic section. The heat pipe used has a 0.002m internal diameter, a 0.34m length in one turn and consists of 19 turns. Each of the heating and cooling section has a length of 70mm. Experiments were performed to measure the temperature distributions and the pressure variation of the heat pipe according to inclination angle. Based on the experimental results, the heat transfer ability of the self-oscillating heat pipe seems to improved with the increase of the inclination angle.

타이어 설계인자를 고려한 자동차의 조종 및 안정 특성에 관한 연구

윤성운,홍석주,최규남 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2004 機械技術硏究 Vol.7 No.2

As the technique of automobile industry is being advanced, the advancement of performance for vehicle is being required. In order to achieve this purpose, the study on the handling and stability which are produced by moving vehicle is carried out actively. Ability to predict vehicle performance using computer simulation is essential to reducing the development time for tire companies as well as car makers. From the previous research. we showed that handling simulation tool developed for J-turn and lane change maneuvers on ADAMS could be used in predicting the performance difference among tires with different specifications in vehicle mild handling behaviors. Through this study, some meaningful correlations were achieved. Also barriers to direct application of the simulation technique to tire development process and several technical problems that should be resolved were iden tified. In this results, ability to predict vehicle performance using computer simulation is essential to reducing the development time for tire companies as well as car makers.

Cr, Co, Cu, Ni와 Ca의 첨가에 따른 지하매설배관의 전기화학적 특성에 관한 연구

최윤석,신동호,심재주,김정구 대한금속재료학회 2005 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.43 No.1

Aqueous corrosion characteristics of low carbon steel with small amounts of Cr, Co, Cu, Ni and Ca, in synthetic groundwater was studied by electrochemical corrosion tests (potentiodynamic test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements) and analytical techniques. Neither carbon steel nor newly alloyed steels showed passive behavior in this synthetic groundwater. Newly alloyed steels, containing Cr-Co, Cr-Cu-Ni and Cr-Cu-Ni-Ca showed higher corrosion resistance than carbon steel in the potentiodynamic tests. EIS measurements showed that the Nyquist plot presented two time constants. The high frequency resistance component (R_(rsut)) and low frequency resistance component (R_(et)) were affected by the alloying elements. The polarization resistance (RP= R_(et) +Ra) of steels could be clearly ranked as Cr-Cu-Ni-Ca steel >> Cr-Cu-Ni steel > Cr-Co steel > carbon steel. Results of surface analyses (XPS and EPMA) showed that Cr and Cu were concentrated in the inner region of rust. However, Co and Ni were uniformly distributed all over the rust layer. These alloying elements improved corrosion resistance of low alloy steel in synthetic groundwater. Especially, Cr-Cu-Ni-Ca steel had the lowest corrosion rate due to the inner rust film formation during the initial stage of corrosion, which suggested a potential for substituting carbon steel in soil environment (Received October 29, 2004)

상수도 배관의 부식감지시스템 개발 (Ⅱ)

최윤석,신동호,김상현,김정구 대한금속재료학회 2005 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.43 No.4

In order to develop a new corrosion sensor for detecting and monitoring the corrosion of buried pipeline, the electrochemical property of sensors and the correlation of its output to corrosion rate of steel pipe, were evaluated by electrochemical methods in synthetic groundwater, two soils of varying resistivity (5,000 ohm-cm, 10,000 ohm-cm), and synthetic tap water. In this paper, two types of electrochemical probes were used: galvanic cells containing of pipeline steel-copper and pipeline steel-stainless steel (Type 304). The results of EIS measurement indicated that the sensor current was inversely related to sensor resistance, which was governed by the corrosion behavior of cathode. In galvanic corrosion tests, the galvanic current of Cu-CS probe was higher than that of SS-CS probe. The comparison of the sensor output and corrosion rates revealed that a linear relationship was found between the probe current and the corrosion rates. A good linear quantitative relationship was found between the Cu-CS probe current and the corrosion rate of pipeline steel coupons in the soil resistivity of 5,000 ohm-cm, and synthetic tap water. In the case of the soil resistivity of 10,000 ohm-cm, although the SS-CS probe showed a better linear correlation than that of Cu-CS probe, the Cu-CS probe is more suitable than SS-CS probe, due to the high current output. (Received February 1, 2005)

ANALYSIS OF FIRE CHARACTERISTICS IN APARTMENT BUILDING THROUGH FULL SCALE EXPERIMENT AND ZONE MODEL SIMULATION

Yoon,Myong-O,Park,Jin-Kook,Kim,Choong-Ik,Ryou,Hong-Sun,Kim,Jin-Gon,Kim,Myung-Bae,Choi,Jun-Seok,Kim,Kwang-Il 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

Fire characteristics of a typical apartment building in Korea was studied through full scale experiment and zone model simulation. The fire was ignited at the living room and allowed to spread to other parts of a single unit in a five storied apartment building. Various data including temperatures, species concentrations, and images were collected in the experiment. A zone model(CFAST) was used to analyze the same apartment building that represents the average households in Korea. The results were compared with a full scale experiments. While CFAST allows one compartment involved with fire, the experiment allowed the fire to spread to other compartments. Therefore, the comparison between experimental data and Zone-Model data is valid until the living-room fire spread to other parts of the apartment. Flashover occurred at approximately 380 seconds in a fire experiment, and at approximately 420 seconds in Zone-Model. Based on all of data between experimental data and Zone-Model data, it is concluded that the safe escape time is about 250 seconds.

EMLA Cream 도포와 1% Lidocaine 침윤 후 요골동맥천자시 진통정도의 비교

윤석화,황원재,최세진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1995 충남의대잡지 Vol.22 No.2

In a double blind study, the efficacy of topical 5% EMLA cream was compared with that of 1% lidocaine infiltration in the pain-relief and incidence of complication after radial arterial cannulation. Forty three premedicated adults were allocated randomly to two groups to receive EMLA cream and 1% lidocaine infiltration. Following arterial cannulation, pain was assessed by the patient using visual analogue score (VAS) and by a independent observer using four-caregory verbal rating score (VRS). There no significant differences between the EMLA group and 1% lidocaine infiltration group both patient and observer assessments. Compared with lidocaine infiltration group, significantly lower trial numbers of puncture in those recieving EMLA cream group, but no difference of discomfortness of puncture were observed in EMLA cream group.