Overexpression of Zoysia ZjCIGR1 gene confers cold stress resistance to zoysiagrass

Yang‑Ji Kim,Dae‑Hwa Yang,Mi‑Young Park,Hyeon‑Jin Sun,Pill‑Soon Song,Hong‑Gyu Kang,Seok‑Cheol Suh,Yong‑Eok Lee,이효연 한국식물생명공학회 2020 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.14 No.1

Zoysia japonica Steud. is a warm-season lawn grass popular in Korea and elsewhere. They are cultivated in many places such as river banks, roadside, and play grounds. However, there still is a disadvantage of frequent mowing, and the grass grows poorly under the chilly conditions. To develop a grass variety that circumvents these drawbacks, we cloned the chitininducible gibberellins-responsive1 gene (CIGR1) from zoysiagrass. The full length of the ZjCIGR1 (Zj; Zoysia japonica Steud.) gene was obtained by 5′/3′ RACE PCR and the phylogenetic tree showed that it belonged to the CIGR1-subgroup in the PAT1-group of GRAS protein family. Expression of the ZjCIGR1 in wild-type plants was confirmed in roots, meristems, leaves, and flowers, especially high in the flowers. The transgenic zoysiagrass was confirmed by PCR using gene-specific primers, phosphinothricin-acetyl-transferase (PAT) strip test, and Southern blot analysis. ZjCIGR1-overexpressing plants acquired tolerance to cold stress displaying morphological phenotypes characteristic of stress resistance. In addition, in the transformants, expression of the ZjCIGR1 as well as cold-regulated (COR) gene was increased compared to the wild-type plants under cold stress condition. These results suggest that ZjCIGR1 gene is an important candidate for regulating cold stress resistance.

AGR and Case in English : Unified Agr - less Case Theory

Kim, Yang Soon 한국현대언어학회 2001 언어연구 Vol.17 No.1

Kim, Yang-Soon. 2001. 영어의 일치와 격: Agr-부재 통합 격 이론, 언어연구 17-1, 313-325. 격 이론의 대칭성이라는 격 이론의 일반화와 간결화를 통하여 개념적 필연성과 최소 개념을 추구하는 Agr-부재 통합 격 이론은 모든 격은 대칭적인 동일한 통사환경에서 점검될 것을 제안한다. Chomsky(1995)의 제안을 따라 중재적인 역할을 하던 Agrs/o를 제거하는 대신 중재적인 υP 범주를 설정하여 격 점검에 있어 제범주의 일반화를 가져오며 주격, 목적격뿐만 아니라 사격, 소유격 그리고 소절에서 보이는 예외격과 관련된 통사적 주된 특질들을 일반화, 대칭성의 극대화라는 관점에서 연구하여 통사표현의 설명력을 강화한다. (한밭대학교)

난설헌의 캘리그래피와 아르 데코의 기하학적 문양을 이용한 커피 잔 패턴디자인

양순영 ( Yang Soon-young ),임혜숙 ( Im Hye-sook ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2014 한국디자인포럼 Vol.44 No.-

관광을 테마로 하는 중소도시는 지역의 정체성 확립과 대외홍보를 위한 특화사업으로 그 지역만의 문화자원을 발굴하여 다양한 문화상품개발에 적극 활용하고 있다. 이제 문화상품은 그 지역이 갖고 있는 특정한 문화자원을 극대화시켜 지역 경제 활성화를 도모할 수 있는 유용한 수단이 되었다. 현대인들의 상품 선호성향은 상품의 품질 뿐만 아니라 상품 속에서 문화적 가치가 담긴 미적, 예술적 측면까지도 함께 즐기며 체험하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 강릉커피축제를 비롯해서 커피에 관련된 문화가 활성화 된 강릉의 지역적 특성을 고려하여 강릉의 역사인물 난설헌 허초희의 캘리그래피를 활용하여 잔(杯) 도자상품의 문양으로 활용할 수 있는 패턴디자인을 개발하고자 한다. 패턴으로 활용할 이미지는 난설헌의 친필서체 캘리그래피와 아르 데코 양식의 기하학적 문양을 접목시켜 창의적인 패턴으로 디자인하고 이를 잔 종류에 적용하여 문화상품에 활용 할 수 있음을 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구에 앞서 연구자는 선행논문으로 난설헌의 친필서체를 텍스타일디자인에 활용하는 패턴디자인을 연구하였다.(양순영,임혜숙2013) 선행논문에서 연구한 패턴디자인은 텍스타일디자인에 국한된 점이 있어 본 연구에서는 초서체의 특징인 곡선과 아르 데코의 기하학적 문양을 접목하여 개발한 패턴디자인을 잔(杯)에 적용시켜 지역의 역사 문화적 요소와 현대디자인의 기하학적 형태가 접목된 새로운 패턴으로 개발하고자 한다. 지역문화를 활용한 패턴디자인은 타 지역의 도자문화상품과의 차별화를 도모하고 독창적인 지역문화상품으로서 강릉의 이미지 구축과 홍보에 기여할 것으로 기대한다. Tourism-themed small local cities have explored their own cultural resources and developed diverse cultural products to establish and advertise their own local identity. Now, cultural products are a useful means to promote local economy by maximizing the strength of local cultural resources. In the modern times, people tend to see cultural values from both artistic and aesthetic aspects when they buy a product as well as the quality of the product. Therefore, this study attempted to develop pattern design which could be used as a cup pattern in ceramic ware using the handwriting of Nanseolheon Heo Cho-hui who was born in Gangneung considering local characteristics in which coffee-related culture is flourished including Gangneung Coffee Festival. For images to be used as patterns, Nanseolheon`s handwriting and Art Deco`s geometric patterns were mixed and designed in creative patterns. Then, they were applied to tea deigns to develop them into cultural products. Prior to this study, the pattern design in which Nanseolheon`s handwriting was used for textile design was studied. (Yang Soon-yeong, Im Hye-sook, 2013) In previous studies, pattern design was limited to textile design. Therefore, this study tried to develop new patterns which integrated local cultural factors and modern design after applying the developed pattern design to a cup. It appears that local culture-based pattern design would make Gangneung`s ceramic cultural products differ from those in other regions and make contribution to the development and spread of its own image as a unique local cultural product.

『한비자(韓非子)』의 법(法)과 술(術)의 관계 재조명

양순자(Yang, Soon-Ja) 한국동양철학회 2010 동양철학 Vol.0 No.34

한비자 정치 이론에서 법과 술은 세와 더불어 중요한 통치 도구로 알려져 왔다. 일반적으로 학자들은 한비자의 법은 관료들이 일반 백성을 다스리는 성문법이고 술은 군주가 신하들을 관리하는 술수로 본다. 이런 견해는 『韓非子』 ｢定法｣편에 근거를 두고 있는데, 한비자는 그 편에서 상앙을 법의 이론가로, 신불해를 술의 주창자로 제시한다. 상앙의 법과 신불해의 술은 한비자에게 영향을 주었다고 평가되고 있다. 그러나 한비자 사상에서 법은 성문법이외에 군주가 관료를 등용하고 평가하는 방법과도 관련이 있다. 예를 들면 한비자는 ｢유도｣편에서 법을 군주가 관료들을 등용하고 평가할 때 사용해야 한다고 주장한다. 그러면서 ｢주도｣와 ｢이병｣에서는 그것의 원칙으로 형명참동을 주장한다. 형명참동은 군주가 신하가 진술한 말에 걸맞는 일을 맡겨 주고 오로지 그 일에 맞추어 성과를 요구한다. 성과가 그 일과 들어맞고 일이 그 말과 들어맞으면 상을 주고, 그렇지 않으면 벌을 내린다. 형명참동의 원칙은 상세하게 문서화되지 않았고, 공식적으로 공포(公布)화 되는 과정을 거쳐야 되는 것도 아니다. 다만, 군주가 관료들을 등용할 때 그들의 말을 듣고, 임무를 부여하고, 업적을 평가하는 원칙을 말할 뿐이다.『한비자』의 세 편, 즉 ｢유도｣, ｢주도｣, ｢이병｣에서 보였듯이, 형명참동은 법이 관료임용과 관련되어 쓰여진 용례에서 법의 운용의 원칙이라고 할 수 있다. 그리고 이 때 ‘법’이라는 글자는 성문법적인 의미보다는 ‘행정술’에 가깝다. 다시 말하면 이 때 ‘법’이라는 글자를 일반적으로 해석되어지는 법조문을 갖춘 법률체계(law)로 해석하는 것은 타당하지 않다. 그리고 ‘술’은 두 번째 의미의 법을 잘 운용하기 위해서 필요한 방법을 뜻한다. 그러므로 기존의 『한비자』의 법과 술에 대한 견해, 즉 법은 일반 백성을 다스리는 성문법인 반면에 술은 군주가 신하를 다스리는 은밀한 ‘권모술수’라는 해석은 재고되어야 한다. In Han Feizi's political theory, fa 法 and shu 術 have been known as critical governing tools along with shi 勢. Scholars have generally claimed that fa refers to written laws in order to rule the people while shu means techniques for a ruler to control ministers in Han Feizi's ideas. This view is based on the “Dingfa” chapter of the Hanfeizi where Han Feizi describes Shang Yang as a theorist of fa and Shen Buhai as a doctrinaire of shu. It has been considered that Shang Yang's fa and Shen Buhai's shu influenced Han Feizi. However, fa is related to how for a ruler to select and evaluate ministers as well as to written laws in Han Feizi's theory. For instance, Han Feizi states in “Youdu(有度)” chapter that a ruler should rest on fa in order to select and evaluate ministers. At the same time, he proposes “xingming cantong(形名參同)” as a principle, according to which the ruler assigns tasks to ministers in accordance with the words presented by them and requires accomplishments in accordance with their words. If their accomplishment, task and word are matched, they should be rewarded; otherwise, they should be punished. The principle of xingming cantong is neither documented, nor publicized. It is the principle by which the ruler should follow when he listens to ministers, assigns tasks to them and assesses their accomplishments. As shown in the chapters of “Youdu”, “Zhudao” and “Erbing”, xingming cantong can be said as the principle of fa, when fa is related to employing ministers. In this case, fa means ‘administrative techniques’ rather than written laws. In other words, it is not convincing to interpret the term fa as laws with legal codes, as has been claimed. And, the term shu refers to “methods” to be used in order to put the fa into practice. Therefore, the conventional view of fa and shu in the Hanfeizi--fa is written laws for a ruler to govern the people while shu means manipulative skills for him to control ministers--should be reconsidered.

올리고당과 당알콜이 밀전분의 호화점도 변화 및 팽윤력에 미치는 영향

김창순,이영순,송양순 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 1997 생활과학연구 Vol.- No.1

On the gelatinization starting temperature determined by amyiograph, there were no difference among the wheat starch samples in the 50% sugar solution, which contains oligosaccharides or sugar alcohols used in this experiment. Higher pasting viscosity on 95℃ and after cooling was shown with wheat starch slumies containing sucrose or maltitol powder (MP) than those with syrup type sugars such as IOS (Isomaltooligosaccharide syrup), FOS(Fructooligosaccharide syrup) or MS(Maltitol syrup). The higher the pasting viscosity, the more stable the cake baking pefomance in the oven, resulting in non-collapsed cake produced. Wheat starch slumies with IOS showed highest starch swelling power without relating with amylograph pasting viscosity.

특집 : 고전기사와 일상성(日常性)의 문제 ; 기조발표 : 공시적 관점에서 본 고전시가와 일상성의 문제

양태순 ( Tae Soon Yang ) 한국시가학회 2010 韓國 詩歌硏究 Vol.29 No.-

일상성에 내포된 의미를 가운데 현대라는 시간, 산업사회에서의 도시라는 공간, 진정한 삶을 위해서는 벗어나야 할 굴레라는 부정적인 인식 등은 근대 이전 우리 선인들의 일상과는 무관한 것으로 보인다. 그러나 그 이외의 의미를, 예컨대 하이데거가 말한 잡담·호기 심·애매함이 현대 일상성의 존재양식이라는 것, 레비나스가 말한 향유를 통한 일상적 주체의 확립, 르페브르가 말한 현대의 일상성은 양식이 부재한 소비와 광고의 사회를 특징으로 한다는 것 등은 고전시가에도 적용될 수 있을 것이다. 하이데거에 의하면 우리들의 일상적인 삶의 존재양식은 잡담과 호기심, 그리고 애매함으로 표현된다는 점은 고전시가 〈쌍화점>, <사룡>, <사룡〉류의 시조들에서 확인되었다. 레비나스가 일상성의 토대라고 한 집이라는 거주공간이, 송순의 시조와 오규원의 현대시에서는 자연과 분리 단절된 공간이 아니라 함께 하는 공간으로 표현되었다. 요컨대 그들의 작품에서 자연세계는 소유물화되지 않았던 것이다. 양식이 부재한 현대의 일상성은 소비와 광고의 사회라는 르페브르의 진술을 바탕으로 고전시가인 〈한림별곡〉과 함민복의 현대시 〈광고의 나라〉를 대비시켜 본 결과, 전자의 경우 당대인의 삶과 문학작품에 형식과 주제의 양면에 걸쳐 양식이 있었는데 반해, 후자의 경우 그것이 부재함을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 현대의 일상성이라는 개념을 가지고도 고전시가를 보다 정밀하게 분석 할 수 있음을, 그리고 일상성의 개념에 기댈 때 고전시가와 현대시 사이에도 공통점이 발견된다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 요컨대 일상성의 측면에서 보더라도 고전시가는 현대시의 토대가 되고 있음이 검증되었다고 하겠다. Some meanings of dailiness such as the modern times, the city town places of industrial society, the negative recognition that we have to get rid of the dailiness for our true life have nothing to do with Korean predecessors. But the others such as chitchat, curiosity, obscurity which were referred to as the being mode of dailiness by M. Heidegger and establishment of subjectivity through possession which was referred by Emmanuel Lvinas and the absence of style in modern dailiness which was referred to as characteristic of the society of consumption and advertisement by Henri Lefebvre will be applied to the Korean old poetry. Chitchat, curiosity, obscurity which were referred to as the being mode of dailiness by M. Heidegger were certified in the Korean old poetry <Ssanghwajeom> <Saryong> <Saryongryu Sijo> A house which Emmanuel Lvinas referred to as the foundation of dailiness was not the place cut off from natural world but the place connected with it in Song Soon`s old poetry Sijo and Ohgyuwon`s modern poetry. In the final analysis, the natural world in their works did not come into their possession. Both old poetry <Hanlimbyeolgok> and Ham minbok`s modern poetry represented the characteristic of the society of consumption and advertisement, but the former involve style of the form and theme, on the other hand the latter didn`t.

식품접객업소의 식품위생관리 실태에 관한 연구 : 경상남도 창원시를 중심으로

이경연,송양순,이경혜 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 생활과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

This study was investigated to develop the program of sanitary education which improves sanitary levels of restaurants, nutritional service, and safety of consumers. The subjects of 264 restaurants, which were composed of 4 types of businesses (restaurant of korean-style food, japanese style raw fish, roasted ribs and western style food) were classified into 2 types(large scale, small scale). The food hygiene of these restaurants were investigated by direct interview. Many parts of food hygiene should be improved in storage of frying oil, refreezing and thawing of foods, and hygiene of water. It has been found that there were many sanitary problems of restaurants in Changwon City. The result of this study may show overall sanitation aspect of the korean restaurants, however, there were not any references of other cities which we can compare with. Recently, big accidents of food poisoning were frequently happened in several places including Changwon. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the countermeasure to care for sanitation management of restaurant and food hygiene as soon as possible. Because the sanitary condition of restaurants deeply affects health of citizen, moreover, the program of sanitary education and training for the workers in restaurant should be developed by experts as soon as possible.

한국인 본태성 고혈압환자에서 Angiotensinogen M235T 유전자 다양성

양동호(Dong Ho Yang),홍세용(Sea Yong Hong),김홍수(Hong Soo Kim),방차옥(Cha Ok Bang),김철현(Chul Hyun Kim),최종순(Jong Soon Choi),하권수(Kwun Soo Ha) 대한신장학회 2000 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.19 No.3

N/A Background: Potential involvement of the angio-tensinogen gene(M235T) in the pathogenesis of essen-tial hypertension has been suggested by some inves- tigators. However, an association between M235T gene polymorphism and essential hypertension has been reported by some, but not by others. Since genetic diversity exists among different ethnic population, we addressed the question of whether there is an association between M235T gene poly-morphism and essential hypertension in the Korean. Methods: 100 patients with essential hypertension and 100 control subjects were recruited from out- patients at the Department of Internal Medicine, Soon-chunhyang Hospital, Chunan City. The criteria for hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure higher than 160mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure higher than 95mmHg. For detection of the M235T polymorphism at the angiotensinogen locus, the primer sequences were: sense primer : 5'-TGAAGGAG- AAGGTGTCTGCGGGA-3' and antisense primer : 5'- AGGACGGTGCGGTGAGAGTG-3'. The PCR product mixture was exposed to restriction enzyme Tthlll I and then submitted to electrophoresis in polyacryl-amide gel. Differences between the molecular variants of the gene in hypertensives and normotensives were com- pared by using the X²test. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated using Woolf's method. Results: Compared with the control subjects, hypertensives had higher values of three established risk factors for hypertension : age, BMI cholesterol (total and LDL). X analysis showed no difference in the distribution of genotype or allele frequency between the hypertensives and normotensives(X²=1.14, p=0.29). The crude odds ratio was 0.73 for CC over CT(95% confidence interval 0.41-1.30). The adjusted odds ratio with age, sex, lipid profilcs and BMI was 0.68 for CC over CT(9596 confidence interval 037-1,23). Conclusion : The molecular varient M235T of the angiotensinogen gene is not associated with essential hypertension in Korean population.

8년간(1992~1999) 산업안전보건연구원에 의뢰된 직업병 심의 사례 분석

강성규,김규상,김양호,최정근,안연순,진영우,최병순,양정선,김은아,채창호,최용휴,김대성,박정선,정호근 대한산업의학회 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Objectives : Pneumoconisis and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) have been reported as main occupational diseases by the Special Health Examination. The Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance has reported various work-related diseases, however, these two diseases occupied almost a half of compensated cases. Therefore, it was not well known about the status of occupational diseases other than pneumoconiosis, NIHL, and cardio-cerebrovascular accident (CVA). This study was conducted to analyze claimed cases as an occupational disease, that was requested to the Korea Industrial Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA). Methods : The local office of the Korea Labor Welfare Corporation (KLWC) has asked the KOSHA for confirmation of claimed cases as an occupational disease. We analyzed 379 cases requested from KLWC, the Ministry of Labor, employers, unions and occupational health agencies from 1992 to 1999. Results : Male was 80.7 % of the requested cases. Their mean age was 42 years old and 75.5 % of them were more than 35 years old. The requested cases were increased rapidly from 25 cases in 1992 to 108 cases in 1999 and the accept rate was 50.7 %. The majority of requested cases were respiratory diseases(22.4%), cancers(18.5%), Neuropsychiatric problems(14.5%), and musculoskeletal problems(13.5%). The accept rate was high in reproductive, respiratory, musculoskeletal and digestive disorders and low in neuropsychiatric, renal and otologic problems and occupational cancers. 73.6% of them were caused by chemical agents, especially 28.5 % were by organic solvents. 67% of them were clinically confirmed at university hospitals. A half of the cases were from KyongIn area, even the request came from the whole country. Conclusions : A claim was common in workers whose age was over 35 years old and exposure history was over 10 years. The respiratory diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders were still main problems in occupational health and occupational cancers was increasing even though its accept rate was not high yet.

우리나라 長壽者의 生活 및 意識調査에 관한 硏究 - Ⅴ. 過去의 健康疾病 및 苦痛에 대한 態度 -

최진호(Jin-Ho Choi),변재형(Jae-Hyeung Pyeun),임채환(Chae-Hwan Rhim),양종순(Jong-Soon Yang),김수현(Soo-Hyun Kim),김정한(Jeung-Han Kim),이병호(Byeong-Ho Lee),우순임(Soon-Im Woo),최선남(Sun-Nam Choe),변대석(Dae-Seok Byun),김무남(Mu-Nam 군산대학교 수산과학연구소 1994 군산대학교 수산과학연구소 연구논문집 Vol.1 No.-

The present study was designed to be link a part of the research on the investigation on daily life and consciousness of the longevous people in Korea, and to investigate the health conditions, and the attitude on disease and suffering of longevous people in the past. 1. By the health conditions of longevous people between 40 and 60 years, ""very good"" showed the highest figure of 71.0%, followed by ""ordinary"" (21.6%). Consequently it is found that 92.6% of total longevous people surveyed maintained the good health conditions above ordinary. 2. Of the experiences of disease and/or injury after 60 years of longevous people, ""never"" showed the highest figure of 74.7%, while ""had"" showed the only 22.6% of total longevous people surveyed. 3. Of the details of disease and/or injury after 60 years of longevous people. ""digestive disease"" showed the highest figure of 32.6%. followed by ""apoplexia cerebri & hypertensions""(14.0%) and ""heart disease""(14.0%), and followed by ""respiratory disease""(12.3%). 4. Of the experiences of suffering between 40 and 60 years of longevous people, ""never"" showed 53.7% of total longevous people surveyed, while the frequency of suffering decreased in the order of ""once""(22.7%), ""2 times""(15.8%) and ""3 times""(4.7%). By the details of suffering between 40 and 60 years of longevous people. ""family life"" showed the highest figure of 85.1%, followed by ""business""(10.1%). 5. By the attitude on suffering of longevous people, ""tried to forget soon"" showed the highest figure of 54.2%, followed by ""continuous worried""(23.3%), and followed by ""not worried""(7.2%).