朝鮮族祭祀文化初探

廉松心(Lian Song Xin) 가천대학교 아시아문화연구소 2005 아시아문화연구 Vol.9 No.-

In China, the Korean people have basically been carrying on the traditional sacrifice culture from the Korean peninsula, which has strong color of the Confucian culture. But during the course of adapting to today's social and natural circumstances, especially with the development and progress of the times, the Korean people's sacrifice culture, both in content and in form, has changed correspondingly. The ancestral sacrifice is the important expression of the polite culture and filial culture from the traditional Korean society as well as the important sign of the Korean poeple's identity cognition. This article is divided into four parts. It has made a systematic expression of the connotation and function of the Korean sacrifice, and the types and ways of the sacrificial rites. And it also expounds the changes and the value of the Korean sacrifice in today's society.

Semi-vioxanthin Isolated from Marine-Derived Fungus Regulates Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 80, CD86, and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Expression in RAW264.7 Cells <i>via</i> Nuclear Factor-κB and Mitogen-Activat

Yang, Xin-Ying,Cai, Sheng-Xin,Zhang, Wen-Ji,Tang, Xue-Lian,Shin, Hye-Young,Lee, Joo-Young,Gu, Qian-Qun,Park, Hyun Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2008 BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN Vol.31 No.12

<P>Semi-vioxanthin isolated from marine-derived fungus was assessed for immunoregulatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. In the present study, the facilitative effects of semi-vioxanthin on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and its mRNA expression and on expression of the co-stimulatory molecules, cluster of differentiation (CD) 80, CD86 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II), as well as the molecular mechanism underlying the immunologic enhancement properties of semi-vioxanthin were studied. Our results clearly indicated that semi-vioxanthin treatment resulted in the degradation of IκBα, which led to the activation and nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), as determined by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). Moreover, TNF-α production was prevented by NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors. Inhibition of NF-κB and extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK1/2) activity by specific inhibitors blunted the effect of semi-vioxanthin on the up-regulation of CD80, CD86 and MHCII expression, but neither p38 MAPK nor c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor had this effect. Thus, we demonstrate that semi-vioxanthin regulates TNF-α production through NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Activation of NF-κB and ERK1/2 were necessary for CD80, CD86 and MHCII expression induced by semi-vioxanthin. These data suggest that semi-vioxanthin has immunoregulatory effects.</P>

Wettability contrast on the surface of CuO nanostructures for highly efficient fog harvesting

He Wen-xin,Jin Lian-lian,Ma Xiu-jia,Li Xiao,Li Jia,Wang Xue-wei 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.53 No.-

Fog collection can provide a sustainable and efficient method for solving the shortage of water resources. In this article, CuO nanostructures were designed and synthesized on the Cu mesh by a one-step oxidation method and used to collect water from fog. Their morphology and surface wettability are characterized through scanning electron microscopy and dynamic contact angle measuring device, while the process of fog collection is investigated by a high-speed camera. The fog collection efficiency depends on the microstructure of the sample surface, which could be well controlled by adjusting the reaction temperature. Compared with CuO nanoneedles and CuO nanowire clusters, CuO nanosheets promote the rapid falling of liquid droplets, improving the fog harvesting efficiency, which can achieve 3168 mg/cm2 within 120 s. CuO nanosheets have ultra-low adhesion due to high roughness and high air restraint ability, accelerating the transport of water droplets and reducing the re-evaporation of water droplets.

Closed-form solution of axisymmetric deformation of prestressed Föppl-Hencky membrane under constrained deflecting

Yong-Sheng Lian,Jun-Yi Sun,Jiao Dong,Zhou-Lian Zheng,Zhi-Xin Yang 국제구조공학회 2019 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.69 No.6

In this study, the problem of axisymmetric deformation of prestressed Föppl-Hencky membrane under constrained deflecting was analytically solved and its closed-form solution was presented. The small-rotation-angle assumption usually adopted in membrane problems was given up, and the initial stress in membrane was taken into account. Consequently, this closed-form solution has higher calculation accuracy and can be applied for a wider range in comparison with the existing approximate solution. The presented numerical examples demonstrate the validity of the closed-form solution, and show the errors of the contact radius, profile and radial stress of membrane in the existing approximate solution brought by the small-rotation-angle assumption. Moreover, the influence of the initial stress on the contact radius is also discussed based on the numerical examples.

논문 : 1910~1945년 길림지역의 한인과 독립운동 개황

염송심 ( Song Xin Lian ) 단국사학회 2012 史學志 Vol.45 No.-

이 글은 길림지역에 이주한 한인들의 생활상과 독립운동을 살펴본 것이다. 길림지역은 국치를 전후한 시기에 많은 한인들이 이주하여 정착한 지역이었다. 이러한 한인들은 한일 병탄 이후 망국노로의 전락을 원치 않았던 식자층과 일본의 식민통치에 의해 파산한 농민들이 주를 이루었다. 이러한 까닭에 이 지역은 1919년 3·1운동 이후 민족독립운동의 근거지가 되었다. 한인들은 주로 두 가지 경로를 통해 길림지역으로 이주하였다. 첫째 함경도에서 두만강을 건너 길림성 동부지역으로 들어와, 그 중 일부가 서쪽으로 이동해 연길, 돈화, 교하를 거쳐 길림지역에 도착하는 경로이다. 또 다른 한 가지는 경상도, 전라도, 충청도, 평안도에서 압록강을 건너 요녕성과 길림성 동남부 산악지역를 지난 후 용녕성 봉성, 관전, 환인을 거쳐 길림성의 혼강, 류하, 해룡, 화전을 경유해 최종적으로 길림지역에 도착하는 경로이다. 길림지역에 도착한 후 한인들 대부분은 심양 -길림 간 철도의 동측 산악지역과 장춘 -도문, 길림 -하얼빈 철도 연선지역에 정착해 생활하였다. 이주한인들은 1907년 이전시기부터 길림시내에 정착하여 살고 있었다고 한다. 이들 한인들은 지속적으로 길림시와 주변지역에 정착하여 만주사변 전까지 주로 농업에 종사하면서 황무지를 개간하고 수전 경영을 하였다. 위만주국 설립 이후에는 길림시 외곽지역과 주변 농촌의 한인들이 대거 길림시 시내로 피난해와 정미소, 음식점, 옷가게, 이발소 등의 서비스업에 종사하기 시작하였다. 이 외에 두 곳의 주식회사와 약국, 병원이 있었다. 이러한 산업들은 일위정부(日僞政府)와 타협해 얻은 산물이었으리라 생각된다. 한인들은 길림지역으로 이주한 뒤 서당과 학교를 건립하기 시작했으나, 경비의 부족으로 인해 유지에 큰 어려움을 겪었다. 대부분의 학교들은 독립운동가와의 밀접한 관계를 맺고 반일민족교육을 진행하고 있었기 때문에 일본 침략기관에 의해 탄압을 받고 문을 닫게 되는 경우가 많았다. 만주사변 이전, 길림지역은 한인독립운동의 중심지 중 한 곳으로, 의열단, 정의부, 서로군정서 등 많은 독립운동단체들이 이곳에서 활동하였다. 반일애국인사들이 창건한 학교와 정미소는 독립운동가들의 연락기점이 되었다. 만주국이 수립된 이후, 대부분의 민족주의자들은 일위정부(日僞政府)와 타협하거나 혹은 관내지역으로 이주 하였다. 급진적 인사들은 공산주의단체에 가입해 중국공산당의 지도하에서 반제반봉건적 투쟁을 계속하였다. 1945년 8월 15일 일본이 투항하고 난 후, 정치목적을 가지고 길림지역으로 이주한 한인(많은 친일인사들을 포함) 대부분은 한국으로 돌아갔고, 광범위한 하층 군중들만 여전히 길림에 남아 중화인민공화국의 공민이 되었다. This study examines that the living statement and the independence movements of Korean migrants in Jilin province where many Koreans settled before and after the National Humiliation. Jilin became a base of the independence movements after the March First Movement in 1919, because the migrants were mostly the literate stratum who would not become a ruined people and the bankrupt farmers by Japanese colonial rule. Korean migrants moved to Jilin mainly through two routes. First, it is to cross Duman(Tumen) River from Hamkyung-do province to the eastern area in Jilin province; then, some of these shifted to the West and reached Jilin City via Yanji, Dunhua and Jiaohe. The other is to cross Amrok(Yalu) River from Gyeongsang-do, Jeolla-do, Chungcheong-do and Pyeongan-do province, pass the mountain regions of Southeast Liaoning and Jilin, go by Fengcheng, Kuandian and Huanren, and finally arrive at Jilin City by way of Hun River, Liuhe, Hai Long and Huadian. After arrival in Jilin, the most Koreans rooted in the eastern mountain regions of the Shenyang-Jilin railway line and the area along the railway of the Changchun-Tumen and Jilin-Harbin line. Korean migrants began living in the downtown of Jilin City before 1907. Having continually settled in and around Jilin, they were generally occupied with agriculture, developed the wild land, and managed paddy fields until Manchurian Incident. Since the establishment of Manchukuo, a large number of Koreans fled from the remote and surrounding farm area to the downtown, starting to engage in service industry such as rice mill, restaurant, clothing and barbering businesses. Except these, there were two of stock companies, pharmacies and hospitals; however, it is thought that they may be the product of compromising with the Japanese puppet government. Korean migrants founded village schools of classical learning(Seodang) and modern-educational schools after moving to Jilin, but were in heavy difficulties to maintain with the lack of funds. As the most schools were connected with the leaders of independence movements, and progressed the anti-Japanese national education, it was frequent to be closed by the pressure of Japanese invasive organisations. Before Manchurian Incident Jilin was one of the centres for Korean independence movement. There were a great number of organisations for the independence, for example Uiyeoldan, Jeongeui-bu and Seoro-gunjeongseo. The schools and the rice mills set up by anti-Japanese patriots became junction of the independence movement activists. After the establishment of Manchukuo the most nationalists compromised with the Japanese puppet government, or moved to the Chinese mainland. The radicalists joined in communist organisations, keeping struggles under the leading of Chinese Communist Party. Since Japan`s surrender in August Fifteenth, 1945, some Koreans moving to Jilin with political purpose―including the pro-Japanese collaborator―had mostly returned to Korea; the wide-ranging populace has yet remained in Jilin, being citizens of the People`s Republic of China.

The NADPH oxidase AoNoxA in Arthrobotrys oligospora functions as an initial factor in the infection of Caenorhabditis elegans

Xin Li,Ying-Qian Kang,Yan-Lu Luo,Ke Qin Zhang,Cheng-Gang Zou,Lian-Ming Liang 한국미생물학회 2017 The journal of microbiology Vol.55 No.11

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidases can serve as signaling molecules to regulate a variety of physiological processes in multi-cellular organisms. In the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora, we found that ROS were produced during conidial germination, hyphal extension, and trap formation in the presence of nematodes. Generation of an AoNoxA knockout strain demonstrated the crucial role of NADPH oxidase in the production of ROS in A. oligospora, with trap formation impaired in the AoNoxA mutant, even in the presence of the nematode host. In addition, the expression of virulence factor serine protease P186 was up-regulated in the wild-type strain, but not in the mutant strain, in the presence of Caenorhabditis elegans. These results indicate that ROS derived from AoNoxA are essential for full virulence of A. oligospora in nematodes.

Control synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4–chitosan nanoparticles under UV irradiation in aqueous system

Lian-ying Zhang,Xin-jun Zhu,Han-wen Sun,Gui-rong Chi,Jun-xiao Xu,Yong-ling Sun 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.3

Novel magnetic Fe3O4–chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized via photochemical method in an emulsifier-free aqueous system at room temperature for the first time. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that the Fe3O4–chitosan nanoparticles were in regular shape with a mean diameter of 41 nm, whereas the average size in aqueous solution measured by photocorrelation spectroscopy (PCS) was 64 nm, which indicated that the nanoparticles had waterswelling properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles were pure Fe3O4 with a spinel structure, and the irradiation under UV light did not result in a phase change. The Fe3O4–chitosan nanoparticles were also characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Magnetic measurement revealed that the saturated magnetization (Ms) of the Fe3O4–chitosan nanoparticles reached 48.6 emu/g and the nanoparticles showed the characteristics of superparamagnetism. The stability test showed these novel nanoparticles had high magnetic stability. The PCS and TGA results indicated that the size and chitosan content of Fe3O4–chitosan nanoparticles formed was pH- and chitosan/Fe3O4 ratio-dependent,which could be used to synthesize magnetic Fe3O4–chitosan nanoparticles with different size to meet the requirements of different applications.

Extractive bioconversion of xylan for production of xylobiose and xylotriose using a PEG6000/sodium citrate aqueous two-phase system

Xin Li,Zhina Lian,Bo Dong,Yong Xu,Qiang Yong,Shiyuan Yu 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.9

Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) was applied for extraction bioconversion of xylan by xylanase from Trichoderma viride. Phase diagrams for poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) and sodium citrate were determined at room temperature. The ATPS composed of 12.99% (w/w) PEG6000 and 12.09% (w/w) sodium citrate was favorable for partition of xylanase and used for extraction bioconversion of xylan. Batch hydrolysis demonstrated that higher concentrations of xylobiose and xylotriose were obtained in the PEG6000/sodium citrate ATPS compared to those in the aqueous system. These results present the potential feasibility of production of xylo-oligosaccharides by extraction bioconversion in ATPS.

Synthesis and luminescence properties of red lutetium based phosphors using a general precursor obtained by homogeneous precipitation

Xin Zhanga,Mingyang Liu,Jiao He,Jingbao Lian,Xue Zhang 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2023 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.24 No.4

A general precursor of Lu2O2SO4 and Lu2O2S was synthesized by homogeneous precipitation methods using commerciallyavailable Lu2O3, H2SO4, Eu(NO3)3·6H2O, CO(NH2)2, NH3·H2O, Na2CO3 and S as the main raw materials, and thenLu2O2SO4:Eu3+ is calcined under air atmosphere at different temperatures, which simplified the previous experimental steps. On this basis, a series of Eu3+ doped Lu2O2S phosphors were synthesized by the solid phase method using the precursor asraw material by mixing sodium carbonate and sublimated sulfur. Lu2O2SO4:Eu3+ and Lu2O2S:Eu3+ quasi-sphericalluminescent powder with particle sizes of about 1 μm were synthesized and their synthetic mechanism and photoluminescenceproperties were investigated. Finally, the synthesized products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), fieldemission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanningcalorimeter (DSC-TG), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and other analytical and testing methods. Studies have shownthat the optimum calcination conditions of Lu2O2SO4:x%Eu3+ phosphors and Lu2O2S:x%Eu3+ phosphors are at 800 ℃ for2 h in air and at 500 ℃ for 2 h in a closed sulphuration atmosphere, respectively. On this basis, the photoluminescence (PL)behavior of the two prepared fluorescent powders was analyzed. At approximately 618 nm and 628 nm, lutetium basedoxysulfate and oxysulfide phosphors exhibit typical red emission, which is the main luminescent feature of Eu3+, originatingfrom the 5D0-7F2 transition of Eu3+.The CIE color coordinates of the Lu2O2SO4:Eu3+ and Lu2O2S:Eu3+ phosphors correspondto (0.6573, 0.3423) and (0.621, 0.3769), respectively, and their colors are red-orange and orange light. The optimal dopingconcentration was determined to be 7.5%. The fluorescence lifetime of Lu2O2SO4:7.5%Eu3+ and Lu2O2S:7.5%Eu3+ phosphorsobtained by homogeneous precipitation method is 2.4479 ms and 1.004 ms. The CCT values are 2886 K and 1863 K, whichbelong to low penetration CCT light. They all have short afterglow life, and lutetium oxysulfate phosphor has longerfluorescence life than lutetium oxysulfide phosphor.

A Suspicious Breast Lesion Detected by Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI and Pathologically Confirmed as Capillary Hemangioma: a Case Report and Literature Review

Lian-He Yang,Shuang Ma,Qing-Chang Li,Hong-Tao Xu,Xin Wang,En-Hua Wang 대한영상의학회 2013 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.14 No.6

Breast capillary hemangioma is a type of benign vascular tumor which is rarely seen. Little is known about its presentation on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Here, we describe a case of suspicious breast lesion detected by DCE-MRI and pathologically confirmed as capillary hemangioma. Our case indicates that a small mass with a superficial location, clear boundary, and homogeneous enhancement on DCE-MRI indicates the possible diagnosis of hemangioma, whereby even the lesion presents a washout type curve.