The Public Housing and Residential Differentiations

Ma Sa(마사),Ma Shuang(마슈앙) 한국도시행정학회 2015 도시 행정 학보 Vol.28 No.3

China is stilling still facing high speed of urbanization and an increasing gap between high housing prices and relative low family incomes especially for the poor household. The public housing projects that are expected to provide the equality accessibility to good condition housing are encouraged, rapidly planned and built since 2010. Wuhan is the earliest city in China that began to provide public housings. Around 12 million square meters affordable housings were built during the period from 1994 to 2009. Providing public and affordable housing is considered as the processes that ‘pursued social reforms’ and solve the problems of social equity in distribution of resources, opportunities and change the living condition of the people on poverty. However, the efficiency of afford housing in decreasing residential segregation is controversial. The author summary 79 public housing projects completed in the year of 2013 and 2014 in Wuhan, their location, size, accessibility to the commercial centers and schools are discussed. We concluded that the most of public housing projects only changed the geography of poverty and displaced poor people into the new concentrated areas. The spatial concentration of large-scale public housing and long distance from social services and facilities are two main reasons lead to escape of middle-income families and, residential differences and segregation of poor people. The families with low income also face the problem in choosing location of their houses because of the large scale housing projects limited the variety housing locations within a certain period of validity of house buying qualifications.

The Environmental Justice in Ecological Immigration A Case Study of Sanjiangyuan Area

Ma, Shuang,Ma, Sa Architectural Institute of Korea 2015 Architectural research Vol.17 No.4

Recently, there is an increasing criticism both inside and outside China toward the eco-migration projects. The author focuses on the eco-migration of Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve as a case study as it is one of the main eco-migration projects. At the end of 2010, government invested 4.47 billion CNY in eco-migration and relocated the immigration 55773 people in 10733 units. Benefits of eco-migration is obvious, however, it needs to be recognized that in the aspect of environment justice, it is unfair to sacrifice a group of people in the process of environmental protection because costs and benefits result from the environmental protection have to share among the people without discrimination. Local herdsmen received extra disadvantages in their level of material possessions, social and cultural values and the social inclusion after eco-migration project. As a part of the eco-social system established within several centuries, the local herdsmen are not only threateners to local ecology system, but also the guardians to the natural environment through religion and habits last for generations. The social and cultural values, traditional religion and Nomadic living habits, as important as the environment, are need to be cherished and protected.

The Environmental Justice in Ecological Immigration A Case Study of Sanjiangyuan Area

Shuang Ma,Sa Ma 대한건축학회 2015 Architectural research Vol.17 No.4

Recently, there is an increasing criticism both inside and outside China toward the eco-migration projects. The author focuses on the eco-migration of Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve as a case study as it is one of the main eco-migration projects. At the end of 2010, government invested 4.47 billion CNY in eco-migration and relocated the immigration 55773 people in 10733 units. Benefits of ecomigration is obvious, however, it needs to be recognized that in the aspect of environment justice, it is unfair to sacrifice a group of people in the process of environmental protection because costs and benefits result from the environmental protection have to share among the people without discrimination. Local herdsmen received extra disadvantages in their level of material possessions, social and cultural values and the social inclusion after eco-migration project. As a part of the eco-social system established within several centuries, the local herdsmen are not only threateners to local ecology system, but also the guardians to the natural environment through religion and habits last for generations. The social and cultural values, traditional religion and Nomadic living habits, as important as the environment, are need to be cherished and protected.

Heterogeneity and Directionality Analysis of the Cyber Physical Power System

Ma Shuang,Amer Hayder M.,Gao Liang 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.2

A cyber physical power system model based on the weighted tensor product is proposed in this paper to describe the interlayer and intralayer relationships of entities in both systems. The diff erent functional attributes of nodes and the directivity of the energy fl ow in the system are respectively described as the heterogeneity of nodes and the directionality of edges. During failure propagation, the dynamic topology method is applied to convert the protection strategies and load redistribution measures into system connectivity rebuilding. The simulation results of fault propagation in the cyber physical power system under diff erent initial failure ratios show that, compared with the undirected model, the directional interactions in the proposed approach can signifi cantly improve the system survival rate during cascading failure. In addition, the physical system shows a lower vulnerability due to the protection provided by spare edges and power sources.

Association between a p73 Gene Polymorphism and Genetic Susceptibility to Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in the South of China

Wang, Shuang-Shuang,Guo, Hai-Yan,Dong, Lin-Li,Zhu, Xiang-Qian,Ma, Liang,Li, Wen,Tang, Jian-Xin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.23

Background: This study aimed to identify any association between the p73 gene G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism and risk of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the south of China. Materials and Methods: We genotyped the p73 gene polymorphism of peripheral blood DNA from 168 patients with NSCLC and 195 normal controls using HRM (high resolution melting) and PCR-CTPP (polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers). Results: The results of genotyping by HRM and PCR-CTPP were consistent with direct sequencing, the p73 genotype distribution in 168 lung cancer patients being as follows: GC/GC 101 cases (60.1%), GC/AT 59 cases (35.1%), AT/AT 8 cases (4.8%). The carriers of AT/AT genotype had a significantly reduced risk of NSCLC (OR=0.370; 95%CI: 0.170-0.806; p=0.010) as compared with non-carriers. However, we found no relations between p73 genotypes and histological type (p=0.798, $x^2=0.452$), tumor stage (p=0.806, $x^2=0.806$), or lymph node metastasis (p=0.578, $x^2=1.098$). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism may be a modifier of NSCLC susceptibility in the Chinese population.

Extraction of valuable components from coal gangue through thermal activation and HNO3 leaching

Shuang Shao,Baozhong Ma,Chengyan Wang,Yongqiang Chen 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.113 No.-

Coal gangue has the dual attributes of hazard and resource. With the increasing awareness of resourcesconservation and ecological sustainability, the high-value utilization of coal gangue has attracted activeattention. In this research, thermal activation followed by HNO3 leaching were performed to extract valuablecomponents from coal gangue. Firstly, the activation behavior and phase transformation mechanismduring thermal activation were revealed through the Gibbs free energy calculation and experimentalresearch. After activation, inert kaolinite was converted to active metakaolinite. Subsequently, thepotential-pH diagrams analyses confirmed that the strategy of extracting Al, Ga, and Li into the leachliquor while precipitating Fe into the leach residue was feasible. Meanwhile, systematic leaching experimentsshowed that 95.2% of Al, 56.4% of Ga, and 80.5% of Li were extracted, while only 2.1% of Fe wasdissolved at the optimal conditions. The leaching behavior of each component agreed well with the thermodynamicanalysis. Finally, the raw ore, activated product, and leach residue were analyzed via a suiteof characterization techniques. In contrast to the raw ore and activated product, the leach residue hadlarge BET surface area and high available Si content, and was a promising Si fertilizer source. This studyprovides a useful reference for the high-value utilization of coal gangue.

The role of oxygen species in the selective oxidation of methanol to dimethoxymethane over VOx/TS-1 catalyst

Shuang Chen,Xinbin Ma 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.45 No.-

VOx-based catalysts showed good performance in selective oxidation of methanol to dimethoxymethane(DMM). For VOx/TS-1 catalyst, the experiments of Temperature Programmed Surface Reaction (TPSR), insitu Infrared spectrometer (in situ IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were carried out toinvestigate the products distribution of the methanol oxidation reaction and the adsorb-desorptionprocess at active centers. Furthermore, the role of oxygen species during the reaction process over VOx/TS-1 catalyst and the surface reaction mechanism was explored.

NOVEL TEST SCENARIO GENERATION TECHNOLOGY FOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AUTOMATED VEHICLE

Shuang Li,Wei Li,Penghui Li,Ping Ma,Ming Yang 한국자동차공학회 2022 International journal of automotive technology Vol.23 No.5

As one of the critical technologies for performance evaluation of automated vehicles, the test scenario generation has been widespread concerned. In this paper, we propose a novel test scenario generation technology based on optimized Latin Hypercube Sampling (OLHS) and Test Matrix method (TM), named HIS-MPSO, which is efficient to generate the test scenario that consider the complexity, coverage, and potential relationships of factors. Based on naturalistic driving data, numerous carfollowing scenarios are generated by HIS-MPSO. Then, an adaptive cruise control system (ACC) are evaluated in terms of the tracking errors, comfort, and safety using the generated scenarios. Results show that compared with other existing OLHS algorithms, the HIS-MPSO can better restore the relationships among test factors existed in realistic traffic scenarios.

SERS study of Ag/FeS/4-MBA interface based on the SPR effect

Ma, Ning,Zhang, Xin-Yuan,Fan, Wenyue,Guo, Shuang,Zhang, Yongjun,Liu, Yang,Chen, Lei,Jung, Young Mee Elsevier 2019 Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomole Vol.219 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, an ordered metal-semiconductor molecular system was introduced, and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) was employed to study the charge transfer (CT) at the metal-semiconductor interface based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra. The thickness of the sputtered FeS was controlled so that the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Ag underwent a displacement change, and the contribution of the SPR to the CT was studied through surface plasmon (SP) absorption. Furthermore, SERS spectra obtained at different excitation wavelengths were used to calculate the degree of CT in the layer-by-layer sputtering system. When Ag was irradiated with incident light, the strong SPR of Ag was excited, generating an increased electromagnetic field (EM). This amplified EM generated hot electrons at the interface between the FeS and Ag, and then the hot electrons were rearranged. Therefore, we established a simple and effective method for studying the impact of SPR on interfacial CT and analyzed the SERS spectra in accordance with Lombardi's basic theory and the physical effects associated with SPR. This theory is in good agreement with the experimental results. On this basis, we also proposed a mechanism by which SPR impacts the CT, which is beneficial for studying interfacial CT and obtaining an in-depth understanding of the CT mechanism in SERS. This work also enables the expansion of the applications of the SERS technique in the field of nanomaterials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> SERS substrate was designed based on the layer-by-layer sputtering of Ag/FeS. </LI> <LI> 4-MBA was employed to study the CT at the metal-semiconductor interface. </LI> <LI> The SPR of Ag promotes the electron transfer process of the Ag/FeS/4-MBA system. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, we designed a layer-by-layer sputtering of Ag and FeS on the PS template. FeS, as an ultranarrow bandgap semiconductor with a bandgap width of only 0.1 eV, exhibited different properties for SERS. The SPR of Ag can be tuned by controlling the FeS film thickness, which is beneficial for studying interface CT and obtaining an in-depth understanding of the CT mechanism in SERS.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

3D Porous Graphene/Polyvinyl Alcohol Composites: The Effect of Modification on the Adsorption Properties

Shuang Sun,Xiaofei Ma 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.11

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was grafted on graphene nanosheets (GN) in the reduction of graphene oxide with hydrazine hydrate. The obtained GN-PVA (GP) suspension was treated with the freezing– thawing cycle to fabricate 3D porous monolithic GP materials, which were modified with carbon disulfide to introduce xanthan groups on the wall of porous materials, marked as GPCs. The characterization of GPCs confirmed that PVA was attached on the surface of GNs, and xanthan groups were effectively functionalized on the porous structures, which were composed of randomly oriented GNs. The Pb2+ adsorption pattern for GPC materials was investigated. The kinetic adsorption and isotherm data fit the pseudo second-order kinetic and the Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb2+ reached 242.7 mg/g. And GPCs for Pb2+ adsorption could be regenerated with ethylenediamine tetracetic acid (EDTA) solution for repetitious adsorption.