암 환자의 혈장 Transforming Growth Factor-β1 농도

박병규,하우송,이시은,이수진,박순태,박찬후,전지현,장정순 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCINE 1999 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.5 No.2

한국인의 대표적인 성인 고형 종양인 위암, 간암, 유방암과 소아 백혈병 및 2종의 소아 고형 종양 환자로부터 혈장 transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) 농도를 sandwich ELISA 분석법을 이용해 측정함으로써 TGF-ß1을 이 질환들에 대한 새로운 종양표지자 (tumor marker)로 사용할 수 있는지 검토하였다. 또한 연령 및 성별에 따른 혈장 TGF-ß1 농도의 정상치를 조사하였다. 신생아에서 70대까지 혈장 TGF-ß1 농도의 차이는 없었고 남녀간의 차이도 없었다. 위암 환자의 혈장TCF-ß1 농도는 16.0±6.8 ng/ml (평균 ±표준편차)로 정상 대조군의 TGF-ß1 농도 (8.3 ±5.0 ng/ml) 보다 유의하게 높았으나 간암, 유방암 환자의 혈장 TGF-ß1 농도는 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 그리고 위암 환자 16명, 간암 환자 8명, 유방암 환자 7명 중 각각 7명 (43.7%), 1명 (12.5%), 1명 (14.3%)에서만 혈장 TGF-ß1 농도가 증가되었다. 5명의 소아 백혈병 환자에서는 관해 (remission) 여부와 상관없이 혈장 TGF-ßl 농도가 모두 정상 범위에 있었으나 2명의 소아 고형암 환자에서는 종양 절제 전에는 혈장TGF-ß1 농도가 높았다가 절제 후 정상으로 떨어졌다. 결론적으로 1)정상인의 혈장 TGF-ßl 농도는 연령 및 성별에 따른 차이가 없다는 것을 알 수 있었고, 2)성인 고형암인 위암, 간암, 유방암에서는 낮은 민감도로 인해 TGF-ß1을 진단을 위한 선별 검사로 이용하기에는 부적절한 것으로 판단되었으며, 3) 정상 대조군보다 혈장 TGF-ß1 농도가 높았던 위암 환자와 종양 절제 전후로 혈장 TGF-ß1 농도가 민감하게 변했던 소아 고형 암 환자에 대해서는 향후 표본 수를 늘려 부가적인 연구를 해 야 할 것으로 사료된다. To evaluate the usefulness of transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1)as a new tumor marker, we determined the plasma TGF-ß1 levels using sandwich ELISA assay in cancer patients. Patients with three most common adult cancers in Korea (stomach, liver and breast cancer) and children's cancers (leukemia and two kinds of solid tumor) were enrolled for the study. Furthermore, 39 individuals were subjected to age and sex-stratified plasma TGF-ß1 analysis. No statistical difference was demonstrated with respect to age or sex. The mean plasma TGF-ß1 level (16.0 ng/ml) of stomach cancer patients was significantly higher than that (8.3ng/ml) of controls. However, there was no difference among the mean plasma TGF-ß1 levels of liver, breast cancer patients and controls. Seven of 16 patients (43.7%) with stomach cancer, one of 8 (12.5%) with liver cancer, and one of 7 (14.3%) with breast cancer showed higher TGF-ß1 levels compared to controls. Plasma TGF-ß1 concentrations of five leukemic children remained in the normal range regardless of the remission state. In contrast, initial high TGF-ß1 levels from two children with solid tumors returned to normal range on surgical resection of tumors. From the above results, we could conclude that plasma TGF-ß1 levels of apparently healthy individuals seem to be rather constant irrespective of difference in age or sex, and the plasma TGF-ß1 has the limited value as a screening test for the diagnosis of aforementioned adult cancers because of its low sensitivity. Finally, additional studies need to be pursed for the large number of stomach cancer and pediatric solid tumor patients in order to reach a secure conclusion on the usefulness of plasma TGF-ß1 as a tumor marker in these patients.

대량의 각혈로 사망한 장티푸스 1예

한상우,유진홍,권순석,김성훈,박지찬,홍은정,최경성,박용완,장준희,안지원,박유경,강지영,박상미,신완식 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.5

We experienced a 25 year-old male patient with typhoid fever complicated with massive hemoptysis. Pulmonary complication in typhoid fever is very rare and to our knowledge, there has been no report of hemoptysis as a main cause of death with this disease. We herein report a rare case of typhoid fever.

운동부하에 따른 혈액의 유형성분치에 관한 연구

지치환,김갑수,박순진 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 1997 武道硏究所誌 Vol.8 No.2

The objective of this study consists in inquiring in to herpetology, plasma protein, and chemical changes in lithicaacid, and the resultant findings are revealed, as follow: 1. Herpetology 1) Red Blood Cell (RBC) Red blood cells show the lowest value at rest, 4.51 count/mm3, in the athlete group, while the highest value right an after an exercise,4.76 count/mm3. The results of t-tests both an rest and right after an exercise do not present any significant difference. 2) White Blood Cell (WBC) White blood cells show the lowest value at rest, 5.67 count/mm3 in the non-athlete group, while the highest value right after an exercise, 12.9 count/mm3 in the athlete group. The results of t-tests do not represent any significant difference between the two groups at rest, but a significant difference right after an exercise by the t value of 9.3114. 3) Hemoglobin Hemoglobin presents 16.2 g/dl at rest in the non-athlete groups, 14.8 g/dl at rest in the athlete group, while it shows 17 g/dl right after an exercise in the non-athlete group, and 15.5 g/dl in the athlete group. However, it shows a 9.46% higher at rest and a 9.68% higher value right after an exercise in the non-athlete group, as compared with that of the athlete group. 4) Hematocrit Hematocrit exhibits 41.8% at rest in the non-athlete group, 45% at rest in the athlete group, whereas 45.7% right after an exercise in the non-athlete group, 43.8% in the athlete group. This reflects a 7.6% higher at rest and 4.34% higher value right after an exercise. In consequence, herpetology before and after Harvard step tests conducted on the national level Taekwondo champions and general students shows in general higher values right after an exercise than at rest in both the athlete and non-athlete groups. These results indicate that Taekwondo champions have better aerobic ability than the general students. But it is recommened that more studies should be conducted, expecially on comparison of Taekwondo champions' aerobic strength with that of the general students.

THE EFFECT OF PRIMING ETCHED DENTIN WITH SOLVENT ON THE MICROTENSILE BOND STRENGTH OF HYDROPHOBIC DENTIN ADHESIVE

박은숙,배지현,김종순,김재훈,이인복,김창근,손호현,조병훈 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.1

장기적인 상아질 접착의 내구성 악화는 접착층과 혼성층의 친수성 부위에서의 가수분해에 의해 일어나는 것으로 보고 되고 있다. 본 연구의 가설은 콜라겐 망상체를 유기용매로 프라이밍하면 콜라겐 조직을 붕괴시키지 않고 수분을 밀어내고 소수성 단량체와 유기용매로 이루어진 접착제가 침투하여 접착강도를 얻을 수 있다는 것이다. 두 소수성 단량체인 Bisphenol-A-glycidylmethacrylate (Bis-GMA)와 triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA)를 아세톤, 에탄올 또는 메탄올에 용해시켜 세 가지의 실험용 접착제를 준비하였다. 산 부식과 수세과정 후에, 접착제를 습윤 상아질 표면(습윤 접착)이나 동일한 용매로 프라이밍 된 상아질 표면(용매 프라이밍 접착)에 적용하였다. 48시간 후와 1개월 후, 및 10.000회의 열순환 후에 미세인장결합강도를 측정하였다 접착계면은 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 관찰하였다. 접착방법에 무관하게 대부분의 시편의 접착계면예서 잘 발달된 혼성층을 관찰할 수 있었고 가장 높은 평균 미세인장결합강도는 에탄올을 포함하는 접착제의 48시간 후 시편에서 관찰되었다. 용매를 이용하여 프라이밍하는 접착 방법에서는 에탄올이나 메탄올을 포함하는 접착제에서 열순환 후에 미세인장접착강도가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 습윤 접착의 경우에는 시효처리 후 미세인장결합강도의 증가가 관찰되지 않았다. 본 연구에서 에탄올을 이용한 상아질 프라이밍으로 우수한 접착력을 얻을 수 있었고. 열순환 후 접착력이 더욱 증가하였다 Deterioration of long-term dentin adhesion durability is thought to occur by hydrolytic degradation within hydrophilic domains of the adhesive and hybrid layers. This study investigated the hypothesis that priming the collagen network with an organic solvent displacc water without collapse and thereby obtain good bond strength with an adhesive made of hydrophobic monomers and organic solvents. Three experimentaladhesives were prepared by dissolving two hydrophobic monomers bisphenol-A-glycidylmethacrylate (Bis-GMA) and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), into acetone, ethanol or methanol. After an entching and rinsing procedure, the adhesives were applied onto either wet dentin surfaces (wet bonding) or dentin .surfaces primed with the same solvent (solvent-primed bonding). Microtensile bond strength (MTBS) was measured at 48 hrs, 1 month and after 10,000 times of thermocycles. The bonded interfaces were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) Regardless of bonding protocols, weIl-developed hybrid layers were observed at the bonded interface in most specimens. The highest mean MTBS was observed in the adhesive containing ethanol at 48 hrs. With solvent-primed bonding increased MTBS tendencies were seen with thermocycling in the adhesives containing ethanol or methanol. However in the case of wet bonding, no increase in MTBS was observed with aging.

대학생 여가 스포츠 활동 참가자들의 참여동기가 여가만족도에 미치는 영향

박순호,원지영 용인대학교 2011 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.29 No.-

In conclusion the objective of this study is focused on investigating college leisure sports participants and examining the different participation motives and the correlation between leisure satisfaction and the various motives. An additional goal is to provide basic information that will help college students expand and actively participate in leisure sports and also continuously maintain sports that are already broadly accepted. The following research was conducted in 2011 in colleges that are located in the Gyeonggi region. Students of those schools who were 19 and older were surveyed for this project. The survey was screened several times to insure accuracy and reliability and then used in the actual study. Within the Gyeonggi region 220 students were chosen as cluster samples and of those results 19 were discarded due to inaccurate information or inconsistent extremes leaving 311 reliable random sample results for analysis. In this investigation 6 assistants who were trained by the head researcher visited various colleges in the Gyeonggi region and met with college leisure sport students to explained the necessity and motive for this research before handing out the survey. Once the test subjects received the survey were directed fill out the survey through the self assessment method, (Self- Administration Method I wasn't sure if this was simply filling out the survey individually or something else so I tried to translate it in the most professional way I could ) once they were finished the surveys were collected to avoid tampering. The data regarding random sample results were inserted into the SPSS 15.0 statistical analysis program where the significant difference was set as 5% and t-verfication, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis were conducted through the multivariate analysis of variance. Through this the relationship between the college leisure sports participant's motives and satisfaction was calculated. The calculations yielded three major results. First, The analysis of personal background, gender , grade and economic status and how it affects the motive of participants (Internal, External, No specific motive). According to grade external motives played the biggest role while personal back ground, gender and economic status showed insignificant results. Second, The analysis of personal background, gender , grade and economic status relating to satisfaction levels (social, psychological, physical, atmospherically and academically) showed that according the differences in grades academic satisfaction varied greatly. Third, college leisure sport participants and their motives and satisfaction levels all varied from each other due to the eight different factors that were mentioned above.

술폰기가 도핑된 폴리피를 제조 및 전기화학적 특성

박종호,김지윤,장순호,조영일 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.4

정전류 중합법으로 도펀트의 화학적 구조와 크기에 따라 폴리피롤 막을 ITO 전극위에 합성하고 전기화학적 특성을 알아보았다. 전해중합 효율은 SBA, PVS, BDS 순으로 증가하였고 합성 전기량의 증가에 따라서는 변화되지 않았다. SBA를 도펀트로 제조된 폴리피롤 막은 산화 과정에서 음이온 및 양이온 교환특성이 나타남을 CV를 통해 알 수 있었다. 도펀트가 BDS인 폴리피롤 막은 전류밀도 1 mA/㎠에서 가장 높은 속도 상수 값을 나타내었다. 또한 선형분극 법으로 측정한 확산계수는 이중층 용량 성분 때문에 임피던스 법으로 구한 값보다 크게 나타났다. According to chemical structure and size of dopant, the polypyrrole films were prepared by constant current polymerization method on ITO electrode and its electrochemical properties were investigated. The current efficiency of polymerization of pyrrole was increased in the sequence 4-sulfobenzoic acid(SBA), polyvinylsulfonic acid(PVS), 1.3-benzenedis-ulfonic acid(BDS) and was unchanged with electricity of polymerization. As a result of cyclic voltammetry of polypyrrole film prepared with SBA as dopant, ion-exchange behavior both of anion and cation was observed during oxidation process. The maximum rate constant of polypyrrole doped with BDS was obtained at 1 ㎃/㎠. In addition, the diffusion coefficient calculated by linear polarization method was more large than that measured by impedance analysis due to double layer capacitance.

기간제 근로의 노동법적 문제와 입법적 과제 : 기간제 근로에 관한 정부 법률안의 분석 Bestandaufnahme des Gesetzesentwurf der Regierung uber befristete Arbeitsvertrage

박지순 한국노동법학회 2004 노동법학 Vol.0 No.19

Am 8 9. 2004 hat das Ministerium fu¨r Arbeit(Ministry of Labor) den Entwurf "eines Gesetzes u¨ber befristete Arbeitsvertrage und Teilzeitsarbeit" vorgelegt Der Gesetzesentwurf soll noch im Oktorbor oder November dieses Jahres vom Regierungskabinett beschlossen werden Es ist dann damit zu rechnen, dass die parlamentarischen Beratungen bis der aktuellen periodischen Parlamentssitzung erfolgen. Dann wurden die neuen Spielregeln fur befristeten Arbeitsvertra¨gen und Teilzeitarbeit gelten. Anlasslich der Vorlegung des Gesetzesentwurfes diskutiert der Verfasser in diesem Beitrag insbesondere u¨ber die rechtspolitischen Bedenken gegen befristete Arbeitsvertrage und u¨ber die Ma¨ngel des Gesezesentwurfes. Atypische Bescha¨ftigungsverha¨ltnisse, zu denen die befristeten Arbeitsverhaltnisse u¨berwiegend gehoren, sind im Allgemeinen alle diejenigen, die nicht der Denkfigur des sog. Normalarbeitsverha¨ltnisses, die durchaus auf das Arbeitsstandardsgesetz zuru¨ckzufuhren ist, entsprechen, d.h. die nicht auf Dauer und Koninuitat sowie nicht auf Vollzeit angelegt sind. Die atypischen Formen der Beschaftigung und ihre zunehmende Relevanz auf dem Arbeitsmarkt entsprechen der heutigen Entwicklung der Produktions- und Arbeitsorganisation und den neuen sozioo¨konomischen Grundlagen Fu¨r ein richtiges Verstandnis dieser Formen der Beschaftigung ist aber wichtig, atypische im Sinne von "flexible" von prekaren Bescha¨ftigungsverha¨ltnissen zu unterscheiden. Denn atypisch ist nicht automatisch prekar. Atypische Bescha¨ftigungsverha¨ltnisse bewegen sich auf einem Kontinuum, dessen Pole durch die u¨blichen sozialataatlichen Sicherungsstandards des Normalarbeitsverha¨ltnisses auf der einen sowie durch hochgradige Prekaritat auf der anderen Seite markiert werden Die Beseitung der Prekaritat im Bereich der atypischen Beschaftigungsverha¨ltnisse stellt immer noch eine unverzichtbare Aufgabe des Arbeitsrechts dar. Der Gesetzesentwurf soll zutreffend Kompromisscharakter tragen. Damit er einerseits die Flexibilisierungsfunktion der befristeten Bescha¨ftigungsformen zugunsten des gesamten Arbeitsmarktes, andererseits die Elemente des Arbeitnehmerschutzes zugunsten der einzelnen Arbeitnehmern in Betracht zieht, stellt er die Voraussetzungen und Grenzen des Abschlusses des befristeten Arbeitsvertrages klar. Allerdings ist der Entwurf in nicht unerheblichem Maße nachbesserungsbedurftig. Vor allem sind die Rechtsfolgen der unwirksamen Befristungsabrede eindeutig zu regeln. Ferner sind auch teilweise schwerwiegende handwerkliche Ma¨ngel in puncto Kettenarbeitsvertra¨ge und Fo¨rderungsmaßnahmen der betroffenen Arbeitnehmer auf die Normalarbeitsverhaltnisse noch sinnvoller zu beheben. U¨brigens ware es erwu¨nscht, die Deregulierungsaufgaben des Arbeitsrechts sowie die Praktikabilitat der Arbeitsbedingungen tarifpolitisch oder gesetzgebungspolitisch zu bewaltigen, aber nicht durch den u¨berma¨ßigen Abschluss der atypischen Arbeitsvertra¨ge.

독일의 노동시장 및 노동법개혁 : 노동법과 사회법에서의 새로운 패러다임의 모색 Versuch fur neue Paradigmen im Arbeits- und Sozialrecht

박지순 한국노동법학회 2004 노동법학 Vol.0 No.18

Die zuletzt stattgefundene Arbeitsmarkts- und Arbeitsrechtsreform in Deutschland stellt einen wichtigen Schritt zur Umsetzung der Agenda 2010 dar, die als ein umfassendes Programm zur Reform des Arbeitsmarktes, zum Umbau der Sozialsysteme und fur wirtschaftliches Wachstum vorgeschlagen worden ist. Diese Reform entwickelt sich in drei Kategorien: Erstens, die Umsetzung der Vorschlage der Hartz-Kommission, deren Kernpunkte neben der Umorganisation der Bundesanstalt (nunmehr Bundesagentur) fur Arbeit eine Fulle ineinandergreifender Module zur effizienten Arbeitsvermittlung und zur Schaffung neuer Arbeitsplatze sind. Zweitens, die Arbeitsrechtsreform, die im Interesse yon mehr Wachstum und Beschaftigung erstrebt, Neueinstellung in Kleinbetrieben und bei Exitenzgrundern zu fordern und Lohnnebenkosten zu senken. Drittens, die Novellierung des Arbeitszeitsgesetzes, mit der die erforderliche Anderungen aufgrund des Urteils des Europaischen Gerichtshofes yom 9.9.2003 zum Bereitschaftsdienst umgesetzt sind. Zu diesem Reformpaket gehoren neben der Novelle des Arbeitszeitsgesetes vor allem die Errichtung der Personal- Service-Agentur, die damit zusammenhangenden Anderungen im Arbeitnehmeruberlassungsrecht, die Forderung einer Beschaftigung alterer Arbeitnehmer, die Veranderungen bei geringfligiger Beschiiftigung, der Zuschuss fur die sogenannte Ich-AG, die Zusammenfuhrung der Arbeitslosen- und Sozialhilfe, die Novelle des Kundigungsschutzgesetzes und des Teilzeit- und Befristungsgesetzes. Diese Gesetzesnovellen kennzeichnen nicht nur ihrem Umfang und ihrer Bedeutung nach die wohl seit Jahren einschneidendste Veranderung auf dem Gebiet des Arbeits- und Sozialrechts, sondern sie signalisieren zugleich einen grundlegenden Wechsel der arbeits- und sozialrechtlichen Zielvorstellungen, der die Befreiung yon den tradierten arbeitsmarktpolitischen Instrumentarien veranlasst hat. Deutlich erkennen lassen die folgenden Debatte diese Kehrtwende: Die einen ist die Neubestimmung des Arbeitnehmerbegriffs mit ihrer rapiden Umkehrung der Schutzperspektive yon der Bekiimpfung der Scheinselbstiindigkeit und die andere die weiteren staatlich subventionierten Beschaftigungsformen wie Ich-AG oder Minijobs.

상관논리 활동을 통한 중학생들의 상관논리 유형 변화

박종윤,김지영,남정희,이상권,최병순 한국과학교육학회 2002 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.22 No.4

본 연구에서는 우리나라 중학교 학생들의 상관논리형성정도와 그 유형을 알아보고, 상관논리 활동을 통하여 학생들의 상관논리에 어떤 변화가 있는가를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 중학교 2학년 학생 111명을 실험집단으로, 55명을 통제집단으로 선정하였다. 사전 검사에서는 두 집단 모두 상관논리의 형성률이 낮았으며, 집단간 차이는 없었다. 사후 검사에서는 실험집단의 상관논리 형성률이 유의미하게 증가하였으며, 통제집단의 경우는 사전 검사와 차이가 없는 것으로 나타나 상관논리 활동이 상관논리 형성에 도움이 되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 사후 검사에서도 실험집단의 정답률이 객관식 문항에서는 27%, 서술형 문항에서는 6% 정도로 나타나 상관논리가 완전히 형성된 학생들의 비율은 상당히 낮은 것으로 나타났다. The main purpose of this study is to investigate whether the correlational reasoning activities could improve middle school students' correlational reasoning abilities. The subjects were 8th grade students, and the correlational reasoning activities of the CASE(cognitive acceleration through science education) program was intervened to the experimental group(m=111) during science class while usual science instruction was given to the control group(m-55). The correlational reasoning test was administered before and after the intervention. The pre-test results showed that most of subjects performed poorly in correlation problems and no significant differences were found between the two groups. In the post-test, the experimental group showed enhanced performance while the control group did not. Therefore it can be concluded that CASE program activities help the students to improve correlational reasoning ability. However, the proportions of students gave correct response were not so high: 27% for the multiple-choice item and about 6% for the essay-type items.

초등학교 3학년 학생의 수학에 대한 인식 태도 연구

박순길,강지우,고대용,김다희,임언미 大邱大學校 師範大學 附設 敎育硏究所 2009 學校敎育硏究 Vol.5 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate a study on awareness attitudes of mathematics education in elementary school. This study was conducted with 152 W elementary school of Gwang Ju, 105 H elementary school of Gyeong Ju making up 257 in total. Mean, standard deviation, t-test were done to draw out the conclusions according to different study purposes. The findings of this study were as follows; First, the awareness attitudes of mathematics education was non-significant compared to those in the male-female group. Second, it can be said that the awareness attitude of Gwang Ju toward the elementary students was more positive compared to the Gyeong Ju elementary students. Third, it can be said that the awareness attitude of mathematics attend a lecture group toward the elementary students was more positive compared to the non-mathematics attend a lecture group. 본 연구는 초등학교 3학년 학생들의 수학에 대한 인식태도를 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구의 대상은 광주광역시 W초등학교 3학년 152명과 경주시 H초등학교 3학년 105명이며, 연구결과를 알아보기 위하여 기술통계와 t검정을 하였으며 연구결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 초등학교 3학년 학생들의 수학에 대한 인식태도에서 남녀 간의 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 그러므로 수학에 대한 자신감이나 흥미에서 남녀 간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 둘째, 지역별로 대도시에 사는 초등학교 3학생들이 중소도시에 사는 초등학교 3학년 학생들보다 인지적 영역에서 차이가 있었으며, 더 긍정적인 인식을 가지고 있었다. 셋째, 수학학원에 다니고 있거나 다닌 경험이 있는 초등학교 3학년 학생들이 학원에 다니지 않은 초등학교 3학년 학생들보다 수학에 대한 인지적 영역, 정의적 영역, 전체인식태도에서 더 긍정적인 인식을 가지고 있었다.